Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni‐related liver disease in school‐age children who live beside the Zambezi River in the Chitokoloki district, North Western Province, Zambia. Methods: Liver ultrasounds of school students from the Chitokoloki day school, grades 1–12, were performed. Liver patterns, periportal branch wall thickening and portal hypertension were assessed to evaluate the presence of liver fibrosis due to S. mansoni infection. To obtain incidence rates of acute disease, stool specimens were examined from a subgroup for the presence of S. mansoni eggs using the formol detergent sedimentation technique. Results: Of 976 enrolled students, 764 (78.2%) were examined by ultrasound. Of those, 284 (37.2%) had findings indicative of periportal fibrosis on ultrasound. Stool specimen were collected from 414 (54%) students of which six (1.5%) were positive for S. mansoni eggs. Conclusion: School students living along the Zambezi River, Zambia have a relatively high prevalence of S. mansoni‐related liver disease. These findings suggest that all schoolchildren in this area should receive treatment against S. mansoni. 相似文献
目的探讨肝胆手术手术部位感染(surgical site infection,SSI)的危险因素,为制定SSI的控制措施提供依据。方法采用目标性监测的方法,研究肝胆手术SSI的发生情况,并对其相关危险因素:术前住院日、有无糖尿病、外周血血浆清蛋白、手术持续时间、手术方式、ASA评分、切口方向、切口长度、术中失血量、术后引流管留置天数及有无术后并发症等24个变量进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果肝胆手术SSI发生率为11.74%(35/298),其中住院期问感染24例(68.57%),出院后随访发现感染11例(31.43%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,术后出现脂肪液化和切口裂开等并发症、手术持续时间及术后引流天数是SSI的独立危险因素。结论肝胆手术SSI的发生是多因素共同作用的结果,必须采取综合性的预防措施才能有效地降低SSI的发生率。 相似文献
The aim of this study was to investigate the value of technetium etifenin injection (99mTc-EHIDA) hepatobiliary scintigraphy in combination with determination of bilirubin from duodenal drainage in differential diagnosis between infantile hepatitis syndrome and biliary atresia. 99mTc-EHIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy in combination with duodenal fluid examination was used for evaluation in 84 infants with persistent infantile jaundice. For diagnosing biliary atresia, the sensitivity and specificity of scintigraphy were 100% and 74.5%, respectively; the sensitivity and specificity of scintigraphy in combination with duodenal fluid examination were 100% and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, hepatobiliary scintigraphy, which is a noninvasive, safe, valuable examination method, in combination with examination of duodenal fluid, is of value for the differential diagnosis between infantile hepatitis syndrome and biliary atresia. 相似文献
Purpose: Hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) is used to aid in the diagnosis of Biliary Atresia in full-term infants with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. There is little information on the utility of the HBS in premature infants with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia and infants with parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC). The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of HBS in differentiating Biliary Atresia and PNAC in premature neonates and full-term infants who received parenteral nutrition (PN).
Materials and methods: Retrospective data collection and analysis on infants who developed conjugated hyperbilirubinemia and had HBS performed during their stay at level IV neonatal intensive care unit between 2005 and 2015.
Results: A total of 20 patients with exposure to PN had HBS; two patients were confirmed to have Biliary Atresia. There were no statistically significant differences between patients with Biliary Atresia versus PNAC in demographics, days on PN, or gamma glutamyl-transferase levels. Stool color was statistically significantly different between the two groups; patients with Biliary Atresia had acholic stools more consistently than patients without Biliary Atresia. HBS had 100% sensitivity, 17% specificity, positive-predictive value of 12%, and a negative-predictive value (NPV) of 100%.
Conclusions: These data indicate that the ability of HBS to aid in diagnosing Biliary Atresia is poor in a population of preterm neonates and full-term infants with PNAC. Although there is 100% sensitivity, the poor specificity (17%) should be acknowledged when utilizing HBS to diagnose Biliary Atresia in this vulnerable patient population. NPV of 100% is helpful in ruling out Biliary Atresia in this population. 相似文献