LigaSure在小切口甲状腺手术中的应用

目的探讨血管闭合器（LigaSure）在小切口甲状腺手术中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析2年间收治的58例良性甲状腺疾病（Ⅱ°）采用颈部小切口及LigaSure下施行甲状腺次全切除术者临床资料。结果手术平均时间45（35～70）min。术中平均出血量15（5～30）mL，术后24h甲均切口引流量20（10～30）mL，术后未出现声嘶及口角麻木等手术并发症。术后平均住院时间3（2～4）d。结论LigaSure在甲状腺手术中的应用较之传统手术能缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量和手术并发症，术后恢复快，手术切口小，不甚影响美观。     

BRMS1在不同转移性乳腺癌细胞中的表达及其与HDAC活性的关系

目的:探讨肿瘤转移抑制基因（BRMS1）在不同转移性乳腺癌细胞中的表达及其与组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC）活性的关系和意义。方法:采用 RT-PCR技术检测3种细胞株〔非转移性MCF-7(A株)，低转移性MDA-MB-453（B株），高转移性MDA-MB-231（C株）〕中BRMS1基因的表达。用Western blot检测在上述3种细胞株中BRMS1蛋白的表达。ELISA检测3种细胞株中HDAC的活性。结果:(1) 在A，B，C 3种细胞株中BRMS1 基因表达依次比例为3.1∶2.0∶1.0。C细胞株比A细胞株BRMS1基因表达降低2.1倍，BRMS1 基因表达随转移程度的增高而明显降低（P＜0. 001)。(2)在A，B，C 3种细胞株中BRMS1蛋白表达依次比例为3.2∶1.9∶1.0。C细胞株比A细胞株BRMS1蛋白表达降低2.2倍，BRMS1随转移程度的增高而明显降低（P＜0. 001)。(3)A，B，C 3种细胞株中HDAC活性依次比例为1.0∶1. 8∶2.6。C细胞株比A细胞株HDAC活性增高1.6倍，随转移程度的增高HDAC活性升高（P＜0. 001)。结论:（1）BRMS1基因和蛋白的表达在3种细胞株中随转移程度的增高而呈递减趋势。（2）HDAC活性在3种细胞株中随转移潜能的增高而呈递增趋势;提示BRMS1可能通过参与调节HDAC活性调控乳腺癌的转移。     

Executive functions processed in the frontal and lateral temporal cortices: Intracerebral study

OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to investigate the neurocognitive network in the frontal and lateral temporal cortices that is activated by the complex cognitive visuomotor tasks of letter writing. METHODS: Eight epilepsy surgery candidates with implanted intracerebral depth electrodes performed two tasks involving the writing of single letters. The first task consisted of copying letters. In the second task, the patients were requested to write any other letter. The cognitive load of the second task was increased mainly by larger involvement of the executive functions. The task-related ERD/ERS of the alpha, beta and gamma rhythms was studied. RESULTS: The alpha and beta ERD as the activational correlate of writing of single letters was found in the sensorimotor cortex, anterior cingulate, premotor, parietal cortices, SMA and the temporal pole. The alpha and beta ERD linked to the increased cognitive load was present moreover in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex and surprisingly also the temporal neocortex. Gamma ERS was detected mostly in the left motor cortex. CONCLUSIONS: Particularly the temporal neocortex was activated by the increased cognitive load. SIGNIFICANCE: The lateral temporal cortex together with frontal areas forms a cognitive network processing executive functions.     

大学生篮球运动员集训期间部分淋巴细胞亚群和Th1/Th2细胞因子mRNA表达变化分析

目的:探讨大负荷体能训练对大学生篮球运动员细胞免疫功能的影响。方法:14名男子大学生篮球运动员进行为期16周的集训,在训练期间分次对运动员外周血淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+/CD8+淋巴细胞比值、NK细胞比例)和Th1/Th2细胞因子 mRNA表达进行检测。结果:在两次分别持续了6周的训练期后,运动员外周血CD3+淋巴细胞数于增加后出现显著下降,从第7周的峰值(59.74±7.18)下降至第16周的最低值(52.02±7.92)(P<0.001);CD8+细胞数第16周(31.15±6.25)与第3周(37.98±7.05)相比显著下降(P<0.05);NK细胞数从第7周的最高值(19.62±5.21)下降至第14周的最低值(14.41±7.93)(P<0.05);IL-4 mRNA表达训练后与基础值(6.56±0.71)相比显著增加,从第7周的7.04±0.35和第14周的7.30±0.25,直至第16周达到最大值7.36±0.45(P<0.05),其他指标的变化不具有统计学意义。结果提示,大负荷训练使运动员细胞免疫功能削弱,Th1/Th2平衡向Th2方向漂移。     

Macrophage Depletion Suppresses Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in Mice

Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a major source of late posttransplant mortality. Although numerous cell types are implicated in the pathogenesis of CAV, it is unclear which cells actually induce the vascular damage that results in intimal proliferation. Because macrophages are abundant in CAV lesions and are capable of producing growth factors implicated in neointimal proliferation, they are leading end-effector candidates. Macrophages were depleted in a murine heterotopic cardiac transplant system known to develop fulminant CAV lesions. C57BL/6 hearts were transplanted into (C57BL/6 x BALB/c)F(1) recipients, which then received anti-macrophage therapy with intraperitoneal carrageenan or i.v. gadolinium. Intraperitoneal carrageenan treatment depleted macrophages by 30-80% with minimal effects upon T, B or NK cells as confirmed by flow cytometry and NK cytotoxicity assays. Carrageenan treatment led to a 70% reduction in the development of CAV, as compared to mock-treated controls (p = 0.01), which correlated with the degree of macrophage depletion. Inhibition of macrophage phagocytosis alone with gadolinium failed to prevent CAV. Macrophages may represent the end-effector cells in a final common pathway towards CAV independent of T-cell or B-cell alloreactivity and exert their injurious effects through mechanisms related to cytokine/growth factor production rather than phagocytosis.     

急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠胰腺高迁移率族蛋白-1的表达及意义

目的探讨急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)大鼠模型胰腺组织高迁移率族蛋白-1(HMGB1)的表达及其意义。方法72只大鼠随机分成3组,即对照组、ANP组和正丁酸钠治疗组(治疗组)。逆行性胰胆管注射5%牛磺胆酸钠建立ANP模型。ELISA法检测血清TNF-α和IL-1β水平;RT-PCR法检测胰腺组织HMGB1 mRNA的表达,并观察其病理变化。结果ANP组血清TNF-α和IL-1β水平在ANP建模后6h达高峰,12h下降。ANP组大鼠胰腺组织HMGB1 mRNA表达水平在ANP后12h明显升高,至24h仍维持在较高水平。治疗组胰腺组织HMGB1 mRNA表达水平在ANP后12,24h明显低于ANP组(P<0.05),且同期胰腺损伤比ANP组轻(P<0.05)。建模后24h血清TNF-α和IL-1β水平ANP组与治疗组间差异无显著性。结论HMGB1作为晚期炎症因子参与了ANP的全身炎症反应。HMGB1抑制剂正丁酸钠能降低ANP大鼠胰腺组织HMGB1基因表达水平,减轻ANP胰腺组织的损伤。     

乳管内窥镜对乳腺导管内病变的诊断和治疗价值

目的评价乳管内窥镜(FDS)对乳腺导管内疾病的诊断和治疗价值。方法回顾性分析近2年来FDS检查的548例乳头溢液患者的临床资料。结果548例乳头溢液病例中,FDS下诊断为乳管炎59例(10.8%),乳腺导管扩张症117例(21.4%),乳腺导管扩张合并乳管炎185例(33.4%),乳管内乳头状瘤159例(29.0%),乳管内乳头状瘤病12例(2.2%),乳腺癌16例(2.9%)。135例在我院接受手术治疗,其中91例在FDS定位下行肿瘤切除或区段切除手术(甲组),44例按常规经溢液乳管内注射染料美蓝后再行选择性区段切除(乙组)。甲组术后FDS诊断符合率97.8%(89/91)明显高于乙组的86.4%(38/44)(χ2=6.96,P=0.008)。结论FDS不仅是诊断乳腺导管内病变的可靠方法,而且可以帮助手术中定位切除乳腺导管内新生物。FDS定位下手术能够避免盲目性,为病灶的切除提供可靠的帮助。     

Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection Following Heart Transplantation

Acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in heart transplantation is often associated with hemodynamic compromise, and is associated with increased mortality and development of accelerated transplant coronary artery disease (TCAD). The diagnosis of AMR has historically been controversial and outcomes with aggressive immunosuppressive therapy including plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide are poor. Advances in diagnostic techniques like the demonstration of immunopathologic evidence for antibody-mediated rejection by deposition of the complement split product C4d in tissue and detection of anti-HLA antibodies by flow cytometry will assist in further characterizing AMR. Immunosuppression targeting B-lymphocytes and use of m-TOR inhibitors to alter the predilection to develop TCAD and improve survival in AMR remains to be proven.     

浙江省温州市2004年结核病监测结果分析

目的 通过分析温州市2004年结核病监测资料评价现行的防治措施效果.方法 收集并分析温州市2004年结核病监测报表.结果监测点涂阳新登记率为27.45/10万,其中流动人口为26.84/10万,流动人口病例涂阳比例（68.3%）明显高于总人口病例涂阳比例（45.9%）,新登涂阳病例1年转归队列分析治愈率为86.6%.结论 提高涂阳病人的发现率依然是本地区结核病控制工作的重点,流动人口结核病问题不容忽视.