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951.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of four subjective questions related to listening effort. A secondary purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of hearing aid beamforming microphone arrays on word recognition and listening effort. Design: Participants answered subjective questions immediately following testing in a dual-task paradigm with three microphone settings in a moderately reverberant laboratory environment in two noise configurations. Participants rated their: (1) mental work, (2) desire to improve the situation, (3) tiredness, and (4) desire to give up. Data were analysed using repeated measures and reliability analyses. Study sample: Eighteen adults with symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss participated. Results: Beamforming differentially affected word recognition and listening effort. Analysis revealed the same pattern of results for behavioural listening effort and subjective ratings of desire to improve the situation. Conversely, ratings of work revealed the same pattern of results as word recognition performance. Ratings of tiredness and desire to give up were unaffected by hearing aid microphone or noise configuration. Conclusions: Participant ratings of their desire to control the listening situation appear to reliable subjective indicators of listening effort that align with results from a behavioural measure of listening effort. 相似文献
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Cochlear implant performance in children deafened by congenital cytomegalovirus—A systematic review
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V.J.C. Kraaijenga F. Van Houwelingen S.F. Van der Horst J. Visscher J.M.L. Huisman E.J. Hollman I. Stegeman A.L. Smit 《Clinical otolaryngology》2018,43(5):1283-1295
Background
Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss in children.Objective of review
The objective of this systematic review was to compare performance in paediatric cochlear implant users with SNHL caused by cCMV compared to non‐cCMV implantees.Type of review
Systematic reviewSearch strategy
PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane databases were searched from inception up to 15 May 2017 for children, cochlear implant, performance and their synonyms.Evaluation methods
Titles, abstracts and full texts were screened for eligibility. Directness of evidence and risk of bias were assessed. From the included studies, study characteristics and outcome data (speech perception, speech production, receptive language and auditory performance of cCMV groups and non‐cCMV groups) were extracted.Results
A total of 5280 unique articles were screened of which 28 were eligible for critical appraisal. After critical appraisal, 12 studies remained for data extraction. Seven of 12 studies showed worse performance after cochlear implantation in cCMV children compared to non‐cCMV children. Worse performance in cCMV children was attributed to cCMV‐related comorbidities in six of these studies. Available data on asymptomatic cCMV children compared to non‐cCMV children did not reveal an unfavourable effect on cochlear implant performance.Conclusions
The available evidence reveals that cCMV children often have worse cochlear implant performance compared to non‐cCMV children, which can be attributed to cCMV related comorbidities. We urge physicians to take into account the cCMV related comorbidities in the counselling of paediatric CI users deafened by cCMV. 相似文献954.
Sanjana Vijay Nemade Kiran Jaywant Shinde Chetana Shivadas Naik Haris Qadri 《Revista brasileira de otorrinolaringologia (English ed.)》2018,84(3):318-323
Introduction
Surgical repair of the tympanic membrane, termed a type one tympanoplasty is a tried and tested treatment modality. Overlay or underlay technique of tympanoplasty is common. Sandwich tympanoplasty is the combined overlay and underlay grafting of tympanic membrane.Objective
To describe and evaluate the modified sandwich graft (mediolateral graft) tympanoplasty using temporalis fascia and areolar fascia. To compare the clinical and audiological outcome of modified sandwich tympanoplasty with underlay tympanoplasty.Methods
A total of 88 patients of chronic otitis media were studied. 48 patients (Group A) underwent type one tympanoplasty with modified sandwich graft. Temporalis fascia was underlaid and the areolar fascia was overlaid. 48 patients (Group B) underwent type one tympanoplasty with underlay technique. We assessed the healing and hearing results.Results
Successful graft take up was accomplished in 47 patients (97.9%) in Group A and in 40 patients (83.3%) Group B. The average Air-Bone gap closure achieved in Group A was 24.4 ± 1.7 dB while in Group B; it was 22.5 ± 3.5 dB. Statistically significant difference was found in graft healing rate. Difference in hearing improvement was not statistically significant.Conclusion
Double layered graft with drum-malleus as a ‘meat’ of sandwich maintains a perfect balance between sufficient stability and adequate acoustic sensitivity. 相似文献955.
Ektor Tsuneo Onishi Cláudia Couto de Barros Coelho Jeanne Oiticica Ricardo Rodrigues Figueiredo Rita de Cassia Cassou Guimarães Tanit Ganz Sanchez Adriana Lima Gürtler Alessandra Ramos Venosa André Luiz Lopes Sampaio Andreia Aparecida Azevedo Anna Paula Batista de Ávila Pires Bruno Borges de Carvalho Barros Carlos Augusto Costa Pires de Oliveira Clarice Saba Fernando Kaoru Yonamine Ítalo Roberto Torres de Medeiros Letícia Petersen Schmidt Rosito Marcelo José Abras Rates Sandro de Menezes Santos Torres 《Revista brasileira de otorrinolaringologia (English ed.)》2018,84(2):135-149
Introduction
Tinnitus and sound intolerance are frequent and subjective complaints that may have an impact on a patient's quality of life.Objective
To present a review of the salient points including concepts, pathophysiology, diagnosis and approach of the patient with tinnitus and sensitivity to sounds.Methods
Literature review with bibliographic survey in LILACS, SciELO, Pubmed and MEDLINE database. Articles and book chapters on tinnitus and sound sensitivity were selected. The several topics were discussed by a group of Brazilian professionals and the conclusions were described.Results
The prevalence of tinnitus has increased over the years, often associated with hearing loss, metabolic factors and inadequate diet. Medical evaluation should be performed carefully to guide the request of subsidiary exams. Currently available treatments range from medications to the use of sounds with specific characteristics and meditation techniques, with variable results.Conclusion
A review on tinnitus and auditory sensitivity was presented, allowing the reader a broad view of the approach to these patients, based on scientific evidence and national experience. 相似文献956.
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Raúl Domínguez Rubn Lpez-Domínguez lvaro Lpez-Samanes Pol Gen Jos Antonio Gonzlez-Jurado Antonio Jesús Snchez-Oliver 《Nutrients》2020,12(12)
The aim of this study was to analyze the anthropometric characteristics and sport supplement (SS) consumption patterns of heavyweight and lightweight international rowers. Methods: The 13 heavyweights (11 males) and seven lightweights (five males) of the Spanish National Rowing Team were recruited for the study. Body composition was measured by bio-impedance analysis, and the questionnaire used in this investigation was previously validated to assess SS consumption. According to anthropometrics parameters, it was reported that male heavyweight rowers were heavier (p < 0.001) and taller (p < 0.001), but no statistical differences were reported for % body fat (p = 0.104) or % lean body mass (p = 0.161). All rowers reported consumption of at least one SS. Based on the Australian Institute of Sport’s classification, higher medical supplement consumption was observed when comparing heavyweight rowers to lightweight rowers (2.5 ± 1.1 vs. 1.7 ± 0.5, p = 0.040). There were no differences in the totals of group A (strong scientific evidence for sports scenarios, p = 0.069), group B (emerging scientific support, deserving of further research, p = 0.776), or group C (scientific evidence not supportive of benefit and/or security amongst athletes, p = 0.484). The six most consumed SSs were iron (85%), caffeine (85%), β-alanine (85%), energy bars (85%), vitamin supplements (80%), and isotonic drinks (80%), with no statistical differences between heavyweight and lightweight rowers (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the absence of differences in body composition (expressed as a percentage) do not represent anthropometric disadvantages for heavyweight rowers. In addition, SS consumption was similar between rowers, reporting only higher medical supplement consumption in heavyweight rowers. 相似文献
960.
《Value in health》2020,23(2):164-170
ObjectivesTo examine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young children with low language or congenital hearing loss and to explore the value of assessing HRQoL by concurrently administering 2 HRQoL instruments in populations of children.MethodsData were from 2 Australian community-based studies: Language for Learning (children with typical and low language at age 4 years, n = 1012) and the Statewide Comparison of Outcomes study (children with hearing loss, n = 108). HRQoL was measured using the parent-reported Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) and the Pediatrics Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL) generic core scale. Agreement between the HRQoL instruments was assessed using intraclass correlation and Bland-Altman plots.ResultsChildren with low language and with hearing loss had lower HRQoL than children with normal language; the worst HRQoL was experienced by children with both. The lower HRQoL was mainly due to impaired school functioning (PedsQL) and speech and cognition (HUI3). Children with hearing loss also had impaired physical and social functioning (PedsQL), vision, hearing, dexterity, and ambulation (HUI3). Correlations between instruments were poor to moderate, with low agreement.ConclusionsChildren with low language and congenital hearing loss might benefit from interventions targeting overall health and well-being, not just their impairments. The HUI3 and PedsQL each seemed to provide unique information and thus may supplement each other in assessing HRQoL of young children, including those with low language or congenital hearing loss. 相似文献