前臂骨间背侧神经断裂的显微外科治疗

从1988年8月以来,应用显微外科技术修复前臂骨间背侧神经断裂10例,4例行自体神经游离移植,6例直接缝合。经术后4月～1年随访8例,肌力恢复均在4级以上,疗效满意。讨论了有关诊断,手术注意事项,修复时间与疗效的关系。自体神经移植与直接缝合的疗效比较等。     

延伸移植物后撤式释放法治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤腔内隔绝术中近端内漏

目的 总结腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤某些特殊情况下近端内漏的治疗方法，比较延伸移植物(cuff)延伸释放法和后撤释放法的价值。方法 2001年以来，stanford B型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤腔内隔绝术中发生近端内漏6例，分别采用向近端延伸法和后撤法植入cuff封闭内漏。结果 3例采用延伸法，其中1倒采用1枚cuff，1例采用5枚cuff，均完全封闭内漏；1例采用1枚cuff封闭不完全，带漏返回。3例采用后撤法，各用l枚cuff一次性将近端内漏消除。结论 主动脉弓远端或降主动脉近端成角明显时，如腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层动脉瘤术中发生近端内漏，采用后撤法植入cuff是一种效果满意的方法。     

Graft versus graft and graft versus host reactions after HLA-identical bone marrow transplantation in a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency with transplacentally acquired lymphoid chimerism

We describe a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency and transplacental transfer of maternal T cells who received an unfractionated HLA-identical sibling bone marrow transplant without prior conditioning. He presented prior to transplantation with a dermatitis later diagnosed as mild graft versus host disease. He had a normal absolute lymphocyte count, but proliferative responses to mitogens were very low. Antigens of the noninherited maternal HLA haplotype were detected on his blood lymphocytes. After transplantation, he developed a severe reaction including fever, cutaneous erythema and hepatosplenomegaly. Lymphocytes carrying the noninherited maternal HLA haplotype disappeared from his circulation, and his unprimed mononuclear cells became spontaneously cytotoxic to maternal lymphoblasts. He subsequently developed a lymphocytosis of 69,000/mm³, diarrhea, elevated transaminases and a worsening rash, necessitating treatment with immunosuppressive agents. Full T-cell engraftment and evidence of B-cell function later ensued and spontaneously cytotoxic lymphocytes against maternal cells disappeared by 47 days post-transplantation. We postulate that the patient's constellation of signs and symptoms after transplantation represented a combination of severe graft versus graft and mild graft versus host reactions.     

小剂量抗CD3单克隆抗体治疗肾移植术后早期急性排斥反应的临床研究

目的探讨应用小剂量抗CD3单克隆抗体(OKT3)治疗肾移植术后早期急性排斥反应的效果和安全性.方法将33例发生早期急性排斥反应的肾移植病人分为两组,A组16例(OKT3 5 mg/d);B组17例(OKT3 2.5mg/d).观察排斥反应逆转情况及感染的发生率.结果A组13例(81.25%)急性排斥反应逆转,移植肾功能恢复正常;1例移植肾自发性破裂行移植肾摘除术,2例移植肾失功恢复血液透析.B组15例(88.24%)急性排斥反应逆转,移植肾功能恢复正常;1例移植肾自发性破裂行移植肾摘除术,1例移植肾失功恢复血液透析.两组排斥反应逆转率无显著性差异(P＞0.05).A组合并感染43.75%,B组5.88%;两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论小剂量OKT3治疗肾移植术后早期急性排斥反应的效果良好,并发症少,且费用较低.     

臀上血管深上支的应用解剖

本文观察了52侧(男46,女6)成人尸体臀上动、静脉深上支进入髂嵴情况.臀上动、静脉深上支分为前、中、后支;本文测量了臀上动、静脉深上支的外径及各分支进入髂嵴的距离.臀上动、静脉深上支的分支在髂嵴前部及中部分布较多,前支的分支为3～8支,其中以4～6支者为多见,占78.8±5.5％;中支的分支1～4支,其中以2～3者为多见,占73.1±6.1％.因此,臀上动脉深上支作为游离髂骨移植术取髂嵴的前部和中部较宜.     

大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击治疗角膜移植术后排斥反应的临床疗效观察

目的观察大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击治疗角膜移植术后排斥反应的临床疗效。方法选择角膜移植术后排斥反应病例9例(9只眼),采用大剂量甲基强的松龙500mg冲击治疗1d,而后予以维持量糖皮质激素方法治疗,并随访观察1年。结果7例治愈,随访1年中角膜植片均保持透明;2例好转,随访1年中移植片基本透明,但仍有轻度水肿。结论大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击治疗角膜移植术后排斥反应疗效满意。     

Mitchell手术治疗拇外翻畸形的改进

目的　采用改进的Mitchell术式矫正拇外翻畸形。方法　对Mitchell术式进行改进 ,术中缩短第 1跖骨 ,内侧舌状骨瓣旋后外翻嵌入截骨近端髓腔 ,拇收肌联合腱移位于第 1跖骨头外侧 ,并松解第 1跖趾外侧关节囊等综合整形。结果　共 63例 (1 0 1足 )应用Mitchell术式并得到 2年以上的随访 ,总优良率达 91 % ,疗效满意。结论　本术式针对拇外翻畸形的病理解剖及其症状多方面矫正 ,使术后的外形和功能得到全面改善 ,可同时适用中老年患者     

Minimally Invasive Axillary– Coronary Artery Bypass

Axillary artery-to-coronary artery bypass using reversed saphenous vein provides a simple method of applying the minimally invasive coronary bypass grafting procedure when the internal thoracic artery is not an adequate conduit. Although this may allow extended use of the minimally invasive coronary bypass procedure, the long-term patency of this technique is unknown.     

Cranioplasty with autogenous autoclaved calvarial bone flap in the cases of tumoural invasion

Summary When a bone flap is raised in the course of a craniotomy, the ideal is to replace it at the end of the procedure. When it is invaded by tumoural cells, it cannot be replaced due to the risk of tumoural recurrence. In these cases we have autoclaved the bone flap to be able to replace it with no fear of tumoural recurrence.Between October 1989 and October 1995 sixty-two patients required autoclaving of the bone flap in the course of a craniotomy due to tumoural invasion (thirty-five meningiomas, sixteen bone tumours, five metastases, and eight scalp tumours).The infiltrated bone flaps were removed, cleaned, autoclaved for 20 minutes at 134 °C and 1 kg/cm² and re-implanted.Patients were followed-up for 10 to 58 months (average 41 months). At every follow-up visit skull x-ray studies, clinical examination, and photographs were done. When needed a CT scan was performed to assess the thickness of the bone flap.On follow-up roentgenograms partial resorption was observed in twelve cases (19.3%). CT scan studies showed loss of thickness in another thirty-five cases (56.4%). Meanwhile the external aspect remained unchanged.In six cases (3.2%) biopsies of the bone flaps were taken at a second surgical procedure. They showed newly formed bone partly re-populated by osteocytes but retaining areas of sequestered bone.We conclude that autoclaved bone, if replaced with direct contact with living bone, it is gradually repopulated with osteocytes. Cranial vault autoclaved autologous bone flap is a good alternative when the original bone flap is invaded but not destroyed by tumoural cells.