Case Report of a 22-Week Fetus with 47,XXX Karyotype and Multiple Lower Mesodermal Defects

A 22-week stillborn fetus with 47,XXX karyotype had lower mesodermal defects consisting of irregular fusion of the sacral vertebrae, anal agenesis, multicystic dysplasia of a horseshoe kidney, a single umbilical artery, dysplastic ovaries, and uterine hypoplasia. This case provides additional evidence for an association between trisomy X and genitourinary defects including lower mesodermal defects sequence. Received November 21, 1997; accepted April 2, 1998.     

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of posterior urethral valves: Identification of valves and thickening of the posterior urethral wall

This report describes 2 heretofore unreported sonographic findings that may aid in the antenatal diagnosis of posterior urethral valves. Each of 2 fetuses showed a prominent or thickened posterior urethra and one or more bright echogenic lines representing valve tissue within a dilated and/or thickened posterior urethra. These findings helped solidify the antenatally suspected diagnosis of posterior urethral valves. The diagnosis was confirmed clinically and surgically during neonatal life. These 2 imaging findings may help in providing a more definitive antenatal diagnosis of posterior urethral valves and allow more expeditious therapy. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 26:366–370, 1998.     

Local hormone therapy for genitourinary syndrome of menopause in breast cancer patients: is it safe?

The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a frequent complaint among breast cancer (BC) survivors that lead to an important affection of their quality of life (QoL). Lifestyle measures such as smoking cessation or regular sexual activity are usually insufficient to significantly improve GMS and although therapies such as lubricants and polycarbophil moisturized gels are considered first-line therapies to alleviate symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy, these non-hormonal options are not able to reverse atrophy once it occurs. Instead, this complaint is corrected by local estrogens. The estrogen vaginal treatment usually used to treat GSM, is an issue of concern in this group due to the possible negative effect over the BC outcomes. On the other hand, the worsening of QoL in these patients due to symptoms related to GSM can lead to discontinuation of hormone adjuvant therapies and therefore must be addressed properly.

The goal of this review is to contribute to health care professionals to make an informed decision to care for their BC patients.     

女性泌尿生殖道支原体感染状况及耐药性分析

目的:分析女性泌尿生殖道支原体感染的状况及药物敏感性。方法:用支原体培养及药敏试剂盒检测1317例女性泌尿生殖道的解脲支原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh),并对10种抗生素的药敏试验进行分析。结果:检测出773例阳性标本,阳性率为58.7%。敏感性较高的抗生素有美满霉素、强力霉素、交沙霉素、克拉霉素,而氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、罗红霉素和阿奇霉素耐药率较高。结论:支原体在女性泌尿生殖道感染较高,且对多种抗生素有耐药性,因此临床中应高度重视支原体培养鉴定结果和药敏试验,合理选用抗生素,减少耐药株的产生。     

先天性泌尿生殖道畸形合并泌尿生殖道瘘

先天性泌尿生殖道畸形合并泌尿生殖道瘘是一类少见的、复杂的先天性畸形,易误诊误治,需要对其有全面的认识和评估,并制定正确的治疗方案。     

Summary of the 15th Annual Atlantic Canada Oncology Group Symposium

The Atlantic Canada Oncology Group (ACOG) Symposium is an annual meeting. For the first 8 years it was held in Cornerbrook (NL, Canada) and for the last 7 years it has been held in Prince Edward Island (Canada). The target audience are medical and radiation oncologists from across the Atlantic Canadian provinces, but surgical oncologists, gynecologists, nurses, pharmacists, researchers, residents and other healthcare providers who work in oncology also benefit from the content presented at this meeting. The primary learning objectives are to promote cooperation among cancer programs in Atlantic Canada and to improve the quality of patients’ cancer care. Each year the meeting focuses on specific tumor sites, as well as other time sensitive topics. This year’s meeting focused on the management of genitourinary and gastrointestinal malignancies.     

泌尿生殖道中阴道毛滴虫的检测

目的:探讨适合于检测男、女两性泌尿生殖道中阴道毛滴虫(TV)的取材方式和检验方法,以提高TV的阳性检出率。方法:对211例患者的尿道(阴道)分泌物和尿液采用湿片观察、培养法和湿片+培养法分别进行TV的对照检测。结果:在138例男性患者中泌尿生殖道共检出TV 18例(13.0％),在73例女性患者中泌尿生殖道共检出TV 49例(67.1％)。男性患者尿液和尿道分泌物培养法对TV的检出率差异无显著性(x2=133,P>0.05);女性患者阴道分泌物培养后TV检出率显著高于尿液的TV检出率(x2=19.4,P<0.005)。培养法、湿片+培养法与湿片观察相比,女性阴道分泌物中TV的检出率差异均有显著性(x2=4.17,P<0.05;x2=5.14,P<0.05)。女性尿液培养检测TV的敏感性和特异性最低(48.9％,96.2％)。结论:男性滴虫性尿道炎可采用尿液检测TV,在女性患者检测TV可采用湿片+培养法,该方法可作为性传播性疾病(STD)高危人群筛检TV感染的方法。