CT对眼球异物的诊断及定位

本文比较了11例眼球异物CT与X线影像，并经手术摘出异物证实，CT眼球异物检出及定位准确性均优于X线，尤其对球壁异物的定位，而且能显示断层眼球壁轮廓，具有直观效果，CT异物影像比异物明显扩大，应警惕CT伪影可能使球壁异物定位发生误差，CT目前尚不能完全取代眼球异物常规X线检查。     

大学生手淫的危害、原因与预防

当代大学生手淫行为比较普遍,很多大学生在上大学之前就养成了难以自控的手淫习惯。大学生手淫既影响了他们的身心健康,对他们在校园里健康成长成材也构成了严重的威胁。从思想与心里教育角度引导大学生正确对待手淫,促使他们养成积极健康的生活习惯,对他们将来人生的健康发展及营造和谐的校园风气具有重要的作用。文章论述了当代大学生手淫的根源、手淫危害、诱发因素、手淫动机及预防、矫治措施。     

咳喘患儿气管支气管异物的检出

气管支气管异物是引起小儿咳喘的重要原因之一。本文就X线诊断中的几点体会作了详细介绍,认为X线检查对气管支气管异物的诊断和治疗有极为重要的价值。     

Foreign body aspiration in children. The diagnostic value of signs,symptoms and pre-operative examination

One hundred and fifteen patients, between 6 months and 12 years of age, had bronchoscopy on suspicion of foreign body aspiration. The histories of these patients were studied to examine the diagnostic value of signs, symptoms and examinations, and to determine the time that passed between aspiration and removal of the foreign body. The sensitivity of the symptoms choking and coughing was fairly high (81 and 78%), but the specificity was poor. The sensitivity of a chest radiograph was 82%, the specificity 44%. The sensitivity of radiographs on inspiration and expiration was 80%, the specificity 55%. The patients had been referred with the initial diagnosis foreign body aspiration (80), pneumonia (34), or subglottic laryngitis (1). In 85 patients a foreign body was identified and extracted. The other 30 patients had respiratory tract infections. The initial diagnosis of foreign body aspiration was correct in 61 out of 85 patients. In these cases, the period between aspiration and extraction of the foreign body was a mean 6 days, compared with 55 days, if the initial diagnosis was pneumonia or sub-glottic laryngitis. We conclude that the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration is too often missed, and that, apart from bronchoscopy, diagnostic tools are of little value.     

广州港1997～2002年中小学生营养状况分析

目的 了解广州港中小学生的营养状况。方法 收集1997-2002年广州港4所中小学生的体检资料。结果 广州港4所中小学生平均营养不良发病率为23．39％，肥胖发病率为6．34％。营养不良发病率有逐年下降的趋势，而肥胖发病率则有逐年上升的趋势。男女性别间差异有显性意义(P＜0．01)。结论 中小学生营养不良与肥胖同时存在。今后的学生营养工作应防治中小学生营养不良与肥胖并举，全面推行以学校为中心的全民营养教育。     

呼和浩特地区11070名中,小学生视力调查分析

本文共测试了１１０７０名呼和浩特市城区和在区中、小学生的视力。结果是：引起学生视力低下的主要原因为近视，且近视的检出率和重度近视随年龄增长而增加，特别是在１３～１８岁年龄组更为明显；近视检出率城区学生明显高于农区学生（μ＞２．５８，ｐ＜０．０１），但是，无论城区学生或农区学生，女生的检出率分别都明显高于男生（μ＞２．５８，Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

大学生应对方式研究

介绍了大学生应对方式研究现状．重点阐述了大学生常用的应对方式、影响因素及应对方式对大学生心理健康的影响。     

Tenotomy prevents the functional improvement of a muscle reinnervated with a chronically severed nerve

During the early stages of nerve implantation, we followed the dynamic properties of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle of the rat, reinnervated with an acutely or chronically severed peroneal nerve. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether (1) the better functional recovery of a muscle reinnervated by a chronically severed foreign nerve is present from the onset of reinnervation, and (2) whether such functional improvement is due to the conditioning lesion effect. Our results indicate that better functional recovery is already apparent one week after nerve implantation, and it is due to the conditioning lesion effect, since tenotomy prevents such improvement. The tenotomy effect underlines the fact that some environmental factors concerning the target tissue, and not only the predegenerated nerve, are involved in the conditioning effect. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

眼内异物合并外伤性白内障的联合手术治疗：附88例分析

眼内异物合并外伤性白内障是眼外伤常见的致盲原因之一,各地报告的致盲率为20%～48.9%。本文对88例眼内异物合并外伤性白内障患者采用联合手术治疗,收到较好疗效,术前视力0.05以下占85.2%,术后矫正视力0.05以下占27.3%,矫正视力0.06～1.5占73.7%,其中矫正视力0.6～1.5者占22.8%。根据异物的性质、在眼内部位和晶体损伤情况选择不同的手术方式一次联合手术摘出异物和白内障,术后采用中西药配合治疗。联合手术可提高疗效,减少术后并发症.减少手术次数,减轻病人的痛苦,缩短病程,减少医疗费用.眼科学报1993;9:216—218.     

基于学习体验的医学生智慧教室使用需求调查

为了更加准确地了解医学生智慧教室的使用需求,为智慧教室管理者在制定智慧教室环境优化策略时提供科学依据,本研究采用问卷调查法,从硬件设施、信息技术、教学法、医学智慧教室特色功能4个维度23项指标展开调查,采用KANO模型分析技术和满意度、重要度象限图对1 074份问卷进行数据分析。发现23项需求指标中,必备属性6项、期望属性7项、魅力属性9项、无差异属性1项。根据KANO模型理论重要度排序,智慧教室管理者应首先改善必备属性相关指标质量,优先提升期望属性相关指标质量,最后满足魅力属性相关指标需求。文章从学校顶层设计、教师和管理者3个层面提出了智慧教室相关政策和建设建议。