超声定量检查技术新进展

近年来，超声定量检查技术在临床的应用为心血管疾病患者的心功能评估提供了量化的依据，本文介绍了超声诊断仪的使用部分最新定量检查技术。     

显微定量法测定中成药中猪牙皂的含量

目的 :制定猪牙皂在脐风散与惊风散中的显微定量标准。方法 :用显微定量法 ,以猪牙皂特有的石细胞为显微特征物 ,对脐风散与惊风散中的猪牙皂进行测定。结果 :猪牙皂含量与每毫克特征数呈显著的线性正相关 ,回归方程为 y =61 .42 x -1 .1 0× 1 0 - 3(γ=1 .0 0 ,α=0 .0 5 )。结论 :显微定量法测定脐风散与惊风散中猪牙皂的含量是可行的 ,结果可靠     

Molecular cytogenetic characterization of Thinopyrum and wheat--Thinopyrum translocated chromosomes in a wheat--Thinopyrum amphiploid

The wheat--Thinopyrum amphiploid 'Agrotriticum # 3425' (AT 3425), which is highly resistant to Cephalosporium stripe, was identified to carry seven pairs of Thinopyrum chromosomes, three pairs of wheat--Thinopyrum translocated chromosomes and 18 pairs of wheat chromosomes. Fluorescence genomic in situ hybridization (FGISH), C-banding, sequential C-banding and FGISH, and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were used to characterize and identify the chromosomes. The Thinopyrum chromosomes in AT 3425 were designated as T1 through T7 based on their C-banding patterns. The FGISH and C-banding patterns of mitotic chromosomes in AT 3425 and meiotic chromosomes in the hybrid between AT 3425 and wheat cultivar 'Chinese Spring' (CS) revealed that wheat chromosomes 1D, 2B and 3D were involved in the three wheat-Thinopyrum chromosome translocations designated as (W-T)1, (W-T)2, and (W-T)3 respectively. The analysis of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in single seeds of AT 3425 confirmed the involvement of wheat chromosome 1D in the translocation (W-T)1. The designations 1DSuu.1DL-1TL, 2BSuu.2BL-2TL and 3DSuu.3DL-3TL were suggested for the wheat--Thinopyrum translocated chromosomes (W-T)1, (W-T)2 and (W-T)3 in AT 3425 respectively.     

脑肿瘤中p53基因突变的分析

检测２５例脑肿瘤中抑制癌基因Ｐ５３突变情况。突用复合ＰＣＲ，聚合酶链反应－＝单链构象多态性分析法，统计学处理采用Ｘ＾２检验。结果：Ｐ５３基因总的突变率为４４．０％，其中第５外显子突变率为２８．０％，第６外显子突变率１２．０％，第７外显子突变率为１２．０％，第８外显子突变率１６．０％；病理分级Ⅱ级及其以上突变为７２．７％，     

Virological, biochemical and histological effects of human lymphoblastoid interferon in Swedish patients with chronic hepatitis C

Thirty-eight Swedish patients with chronic hepatitis C were randomly assigned to receive either 3 million units (MU) or 5MU of human lymphoblastoid interferon-α-n1 (Wellferon) three times per week for either 6 or 12 months. The patients were monitored biochemically, histologically and by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for circulating HCV RNA, during therapy and for the following year. Overall, 22 (58%) of the patients lost detectable hepatitis C virus (HCV) viraemia during therapy but eight of these patients relapsed during follow-up, leaving 14 (37%) sustained responders. Patients infected with HCV non-type 1 genotypes were significantly more likely to achieve a sustained response than were those infected with HCV type 1 (63% vs 10.5%, P =0.001). Sustained virological responses were also associated with lower pretreatment viraemia level, younger age, absence of cirrhosis and the higher interferon dosage regimens but these associations failed to reach statistical significance. In 97% of patients there was concordance between virological and biochemical responses, and a statistically significant ( P =0.005) improvement in the Knodell histological activity index was observed in the virological sustained responders.     

Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging via selective inversion recovery with short repetition times.

Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging (qMTI) methods are able to estimate fundamental sample parameters, such as the relative size of the solid-like macromolecular proton pool and the spin exchange rate between this pool and the directly measured free water protons. One such method is selective inversion recovery (SIR), in which the free water protons are selectively inverted and the signal is fit to a biexponential function of the inversion time (TI). SIR uses only low-power pulses and requires no separate RF (B1) or static field (B0) field maps, and the analysis is largely independent of the macromolecular pool lineshape. These are all advantages over steady-state off-resonance saturation qMTI methods. However, up to now, SIR has been implemented only with repetition times TR>T1. This paper describes a modification of SIR with smaller TR values and a greater signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) efficiency.     

荧光分析法测定血清中微量硒

为测定血清中微量硒,较低温度消化后,用2,3-二氨基萘为试剂,以荧光法测定,取得了满意的结果。方法简便快速,结果稳定准确。血清中加入标准硒,8次测定的回收率为96.6％～102.4％,平均值±标准差为99.6±1.8％。     

浙江省在鼠中检测到埃立克体及无形体DNA片段并测序分析

目的:了解鼠中自然感染埃立克体及无形体的状况。方法:用巢式PCR扩增鼠中埃立克体属及嗜粒细胞无形体属16S rDNA的5′末端片段,对阳性产物克隆后测序。结果:在浙江省金华市金东区捕到鼠128只。在黄毛鼠中检到阳性4份,阳性率为3.125%,并对其进行克隆后测序。与Genbank上比对分析,三份与牛埃立克体相同基因区最为接近,属无形体科,无形体属。一份与反刍动物埃立克体相同基因区最为接近,属无形体科,埃立克体属。均为国内首次报道。结论:初步认为浙江省存在埃立克体及无形体病原。黄毛鼠可能为埃立克体及无形体宿主,尚需进一步调查。     

Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of the VNTR locus D1S80 in central Spain

Summary The polymorphism of the D1S80 locus has been analyzed in a population sample of 203 unrelated individuals living in Madrid (central Spain) by PCR and subsequent semi-dry discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Tris-chloride/Tris-glycine buffer system) followed by silver staining, The electrophoretic system described in this study offers high resolution in the separation of the different D1S80 alleles allowing the detection of microvariability around the allele T22 in the spanish population. Twenty different alleles containing 17–40 repeats of the basic 16bp unit were distinguished. The alleles T18 and T24 were found to be relatively common in Spain, as in other populations:, with frequencies of 0.224 and 0.372, respectively. No evidence of significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found in these preliminary population data.