柔性减影CE-Boost技术对CT肺动脉造影图像质量的影响

目的 观察柔性减影CE-Boost技术对CT肺动脉造影(CTPA)图像质量的影响。方法 回顾性分析66例疑诊肺栓塞(PE)患者的肺部CT平扫及CTPA资料,对平扫期和增强动脉期图像进行薄层重建,以Sure-Subtraction Lung软件行柔性减影,获得CE-Boost序列图像。将重建后增强动脉期图像(A组)与CE-Boost图像(B组)上传至Toshiba Vitrea后处理工作站,测量肺动脉及其分支CT值,计算信噪比(SNR)及对比噪声比(CNR);并由2名影像科医师采用5分法对图像质量进行主观评分。结果 B组肺动脉主干,左、右肺动脉干,左、右上肺动脉分支及左、右下肺动脉分支的CT值、SNR值及CNR值均高于A组(P均＜0.001)。B组图像主观评分5(4,5)分,高于A组的2(1,2)分(Z=－4.980,P＜0.001),且2名医师对A、B组图像质量评分的一致性较高(Kappa=0.896)。结论 柔性减影CE-Boost技术可提高CTPA图像质量。     

Self‐reported musculoskeletal disorder pain: The role of job hazards and work‐life interaction

Background

Previous research identified an association between work‐family conflict and musculoskeletal pain. This study explores how the work‐life interface might affect pain experienced by residential aged care staff.

Methods

A cross‐sectional survey of 426 employees in residential aged care was analyzed to assess the impacts of workplace hazards, work‐family conflict, and work‐life balance on self‐reported musculoskeletal pain.

Results

Work‐family conflict acts as a mediator of the relationships between workplace hazards and the total number of body regions at which musculoskeletal pain was experienced. Work‐life balance only acts as a mediator for particular hazards and only if work‐family conflict is not taken into account.

Conclusions

Addressing work‐life interaction, and in particular work‐family conflict, warrants further investigation as a legitimate means through which musculoskeletal disorder risk can be reduced. Policies and practices to improve work‐life interaction and reduce work‐family conflict should be considered as integral components of musculoskeletal disorder risk management strategies.

     

输尿管软镜联合钬激光碎石术后双J管留置时间与并发症研究

目的研究输尿管软镜联合钬激光治疗碎石术后双J管留置时间与并发症关系。方法将该院从2011—2013年收入的90例肾结石患者（结石〈2.0 cm）随机分成2组均行输尿管软镜联合钬激光治疗碎石术。术后观察分析2组留置双J管时间（留置2周和4周）与并发症发生情况的关系。所有患者记录在其拔除双J管前并发症的发生;分别于拔除双J管后1周和1月复查尿常规;拔管后1个月复查彩超、腹部平片检查残石率,并行99Tcm-DTPA核素肾图检查,记录患侧肾脏肾小球滤过率（GFR）。结果 2组均出现不同程度的并发症,拔除双J管前2组患者出现下尿路刺激症状（LUTS）分别为33例（70.2%）和40例（93.0%）,腰腹痛分别为13例（27.7%）和21例（48.8%）,肉眼血尿分别为36例（76.6%）和42例（97.7%）,双J管上移分别为0例（0.0%）和2例（4.7%）,拔管管壁钙盐沉积或拔管困难分别为4例（8.5%）和11例（25.6%）。并发症的发生率随留置时间延长均明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。拔除双J管1个月后复查彩超及腹部平片,提示无泌尿系结石残留,或残留结石直径〈3 mm,2组的结石残石率无统计学意义。2组患者拔管后1周及1个月复查尿常规大致正常。2组比较,患侧肾脏的肾小球滤过率（GFR）无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论输尿管软镜联合钬激光碎石术后留置双J管时间2周较安全有效,减少并发症发生的同时不影响残石清除及肾功能的恢复。     

载神经生长因子纳米柔性脂质体制备及稳定性研究

目的：研究载神经生长因子（ NGF）纳米柔性脂质体的适宜制备的条件及稳定性。方法采用薄膜-超声法制备载NGF纳米柔性脂质体,ELISA法测定NGF含量,激光粒度分析仪检测粒径。结果制备载NGF纳米柔性脂质体的最适温度为30℃;pH值为7 R．0时,制备的纳米脂质体包封率最高;磷脂的适宜浓度为40 mg/ml;胆固醇与磷脂适宜比例为1∶4。室温保存30 d、4℃冰箱12个月,脂质体粒径无明显变化。结论本研究初步确定了载NGF纳米柔性脂质体的适宜制备条件,制备的脂质体具有较好稳定性。     

High Electrochemical Performance Silicon Thin-Film Free-Standing Electrodes Based on Buckypaper for Flexible Lithium-Ion Batteries

Recently, applications for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have expanded to include electric vehicles and electric energy storage systems, extending beyond power sources for portable electronic devices. The power sources of these flexible electronic devices require the creation of thin, light, and flexible power supply devices such as flexile electrolytes/insulators, electrode materials, current collectors, and batteries that play an important role in packaging. Demand will require the progress of modern electrode materials with high capacity, rate capability, cycle stability, electrical conductivity, and mechanical flexibility for the time to come. The integration of high electrical conductivity and flexible buckypaper (oxidized Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) film) and high theoretical capacity silicon materials are effective for obtaining superior high-energy-density and flexible electrode materials. Therefore, this study focuses on improving the high-capacity, capability-cycling stability of the thin-film Si buckypaper free-standing electrodes for lightweight and flexible energy-supply devices. First, buckypaper (oxidized MWCNTs) was prepared by assembling a free stand-alone electrode, and electrical conductivity tests confirmed that the buckypaper has sufficient electrical conductivity (10⁻⁴(S m⁻¹) in LIBs) to operate simultaneously with a current collector. Subsequently, silicon was deposited on the buckypaper via magnetron sputtering. Next, the thin-film Si buckypaper freestanding electrodes were heat-treated at 600 °C in a vacuum, which improved their electrochemical performance significantly. Electrochemical results demonstrated that the electrode capacity can be increased by 27/26 and 95/93 μAh in unheated and heated buckypaper current collectors, respectively. The measured discharge/charge capacities of the USi_HBP electrode were 108/106 μAh after 100 cycles, corresponding to a Coulombic efficiency of 98.1%, whereas the HSi_HBP electrode indicated a discharge/charge capacity of 193/192 μAh at the 100th cycle, corresponding to a capacity retention of 99.5%. In particular, the HSi_HBP electrode can decrease the capacity by less than 1.5% compared with the value of the first cycle after 100 cycles, demonstrating excellent electrochemical stability.     

3D Yolk–Shell Structured Si/void/rGO Free-Standing Electrode for Lithium-Ion Battery

In this study, we have successfully prepared a free-standing Si/void/rGO yolk–shell structured electrode via the electrostatic self-assembly using protonated chitosan. When graphene oxide (GO) is dispersed in water, its carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the surface are ionized, resulting in the high electronegativity of GO. Meanwhile, chitosan monomer contains -NH₂ and -OH groups, forming highly electropositive protonated chitosan in acidic medium. During the electrostatic interaction between GO and chitosan, which results in a rapid coagulation phenomenon, Si/SiO₂ nanoparticles dispersed in GO can be uniformly encapsulated between GO sheets. The free-standing Si/void/rGO film can be obtained by freeze-drying, high-pressure compression, thermal reduction and HF etching technology. Our investigation shows that after 200 charge/discharge cycles at the current density of 200 mA·g⁻¹, the specific discharge capacity of the free-standing electrode remains at 1129.2 mAh·g⁻¹. When the current density is increased to 4000 mA·g⁻¹, the electrode still has a specific capacity of 469.2 mAh·g⁻¹, showing good rate performance. This free-standing electrode with a yolk–shell structure shows potential applications in the field of flexible lithium-ion batteries.