辨证分期治疗慢性盆腔炎合并免疫性不孕症18例疗效观察

目的：探讨辨证分期治疗慢性盆腔炎合并免疫性不孕症的临床疗效。方法：选择慢性盆腔炎合并免疫性不孕症(血清抗精子抗体阳性)患者18例，采用辨证分期治疗。月经干净后，治以活血化瘀、理气祛湿为主；在(或相当于)排卵期或排卵后，治以补肾养血，活血化瘀为主；在经前期，治以理气活血调经为主；在月经干净后至经前期，加用小剂量阿司匹林。结果：盆腔炎临床症状及体征痊愈7例，显效6例，有效5例；全部患者获得妊娠，宫内妊娠者17例(观察至妊娠3月，均正常)，输卵管妊娠1例；结论：中医辨病辨证结合的周期疗法加小剂量阿司匹林治疗慢性盆腔灸合并免疫性不孕症有一定的疗效。     

CO_2激光联合卡介菌多糖核酸肌肉注射治疗女性尖锐湿疣

目的 :评价卡介菌多糖核酸联合CO2 激光治疗女性尖锐湿疣 (CA)的疗效。方法 :治疗组 :CO2 激光治疗后采用卡介菌多糖核酸肌肉注射 ,与对照组单用CO2 激光治疗相比较。结果 :两组经二次CO2 激光治疗后复发率分别为8.3%、31.0 % ,治疗组复发率显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,未见明显不良反应。结论 :卡介菌多糖核酸联合CO2 激光治疗女性尖锐湿疣 ,可提高治愈率 ,有效降低复发率 ,安全可靠。     

对贵阳市100例女性吸毒者的艾滋病知识、态度调查

目的:了解女性吸毒者对艾滋病的态度和相关知识掌握情况。方法:对2000年在贵阳市公安局戒毒中心强制戒毒的100名女性海洛因依赖者进行匿名问卷调查。结果:该吸毒群体中以烫吸方式滥用毒品者占81.0％,静脉注射方式占7.0％,烫吸、静脉注射混用方式占12.0％;与他人合用过注射器的占静脉注射者的47.4％;知道艾滋病是传染病的占93.0％;知道共用注射器可以传播艾滋病的占83.0％;知道孕妇可将艾滋病病毒传染给胎儿的占50.0％;知道艾滋病病毒主要侵害免疫系统的占31.0％;知道艾滋病是可预防的占63.0％;知道艾滋病是不可治愈的占49.0％;知道安全套可预防艾滋病感染的占34.0％,对预防艾滋病所采取的保护措施的应答中,肯定应答率最高的一项为35.0％。结论:本调查显示,贵阳地区女性吸毒者对艾滋病的传播方式仍缺乏全面了解,对预防知识的了解仍很贫乏,提示在该群体中进行艾滋病知识的宣传、教育和行为干预,对遏制艾滋病的传播、减少危害有极其重要的意义。     

HOXA-11基因与不孕及妊娠失败关系的研究

目的 :研究HOXA 11基因与不孕及妊娠失败的关系。方法 :选择 4 1例不明原因不孕症患者及 30例难免流产患者 ,同时选择 2 8例正常未孕者及 18例正常早期妊娠者分别作为对照组 ,留取子宫内膜或蜕膜组织。子宫内膜标本通过组织学检查分为增生期或分泌期。难免流产及正常妊娠组均妊娠 6～ 9周。采用原位杂交方法检测所有子宫内膜或蜕膜组织中的HOXA 11基因mRNA的表达。结果 :整个月经周期子宫内膜腺上皮细胞及间质细胞中均有HOXA 11基因mRNA表达 ,并因月经周期不同而有所波动。HOXA 11基因mRNA在分泌中晚期子宫内膜间质细胞中阳性表达率为 10 0 % ,在增生期子宫内膜间质细胞中的阳性表达率为 6 3.6 % ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;在不明原因不孕症患者中HOXA 11基因失去了它在正常子宫内膜表达的周期性变化 ,而且基因表达缺失明显。HOX A 11基因在正常增生期及分泌期子宫内膜腺上皮细胞或间质细胞中的阳性表达率分别为90 .9%、82 .4 %和 6 3.6 %、10 0 % ,在不孕症增生期及分泌期子宫内膜两种细胞的阳性表达率分别为 38.9%、4 7.8%和 2 2 .2 %、39.1% ,两组分别比较 ,差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;HOXA 11基因在正常早期妊娠蜕膜细胞中持续表达 ,其阳性表达率均为 10 0 % ,在难免流产蜕膜细胞中的阳性表达     

Exposure to 1-bromopropane causes ovarian dysfunction in rats.

Although 1-bromopropane has been used in chemical and electronic industries as an alternative to ozone layer-depleting solvents, its toxicity on female reproductive organs has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of 1-bromopropane on female reproductive function in rats. Forty female Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups. Each group was exposed daily to 0, 200, 400, or 800 ppm of 1-bromopropane for eight h a day. After exposure for 7 weeks, all rats in the 800-ppm group became seriously ill and were sacrificed during the 8th week. The other dose groups were exposed for 12 weeks. In the 800-ppm group, but not in the other two exposed groups, body weight was significantly less than the control at each time point from 2 to 7 weeks after the beginning of exposure. Tests of vaginal smears showed a significant increase in the number of irregular estrous cycles with extended diestrus in the 400- and 800-ppm groups. Histopathological examination of the ovary showed a significant dose-dependent reduction of the number of normal antral follicles and a decrease in the number of normal growing follicles in the 400-ppm group. No significant change was found in plasma concentrations of LH or FSH in any group when compared with the control. Our results indicate that 1-bromopropane can induce a dose-dependent ovarian dysfunction in nonpregnant female rats associated with disruption in follicular growth process.     

哈尔滨市南岗区1992～2001年乳腺癌发病死亡趋势

[目的]分析1992年～2001年哈尔滨市南岗区女性乳腺癌发病和死亡水平及变化趋势，预测近期发病率和死亡率水平。[方法]资料来源于南岗区恶性肿瘤发病死亡登记报告系统，采用ICD-9进行死因分类，利用SPSS软件包分析，采用灰色系统GM(1，1)进行预测。[结果]10年间女性乳腺癌发病率和死亡率呈上升趋势，年平均发病率和死亡率分别为31．95／10万和7．91／10万。乳腺癌发病和死亡分别居女性恶性肿瘤发病和死亡的第二位和第三位，分别占恶性肿瘤发病和死亡的21．17％和7．90％。25岁～35岁乳腺癌发病率增加明显。预测2006年女性乳腺癌发病率和死亡率将分别达到54．98／10万和11．36／10万。[结论]女性乳腺癌发病率和死亡率呈逐渐缓慢升高趋势，预测女性乳腺癌发病率和死亡率分别将以每年3．7％和2．2％的速度递增。     

养肝滋肾、清热解毒法治疗免疫性不孕症486例疗效观察

目的：观察养肝滋肾、清热解毒法治疗抗精子抗体(AsAb)阳性、抗子宫内膜抗体(EMAb)阳性所致免疫性不孕症的疗效。方法：对204例AsAb阳性、282例EMAb阳性患者应用养肝滋肾汤(处方：紫河车、党参、紫石英、白术、山药、淫羊藿、菟丝子、当归、生地黄、熟地黄、龟板、徐长卿、黄柏)内服；清热解毒汤(处方：苦参、黄连、秦艽、苍术、徐长卿、黄柏、龙胆草、玄参)坐浴治疗。观察用药后AsAb、EMAb转阴及妊娠情况。结果：AsAb阳性患者2疗程转阴188侧(92．16％)。4疗程转阴8例，合计转阴196例(96．08％)；EMAb阳性患者2疗程转阴230例(81．56％)，4疗程转阴20例，合计转阴250例(88．65％)。196例AsAb转阴患者，治疗后跟踪6个月经周期，妊娠136例(69．38％)；250例EMAb转阴患者，治疗后跟踪6个月经周期，妊娠228例(91．2％)，未发生流产。结论：养肝滋肾、清热解毒法治疗免疫性不孕症效果较好，转阴率、妊娠率高，无毒副作用。     

某高校女职工体检结果分析与保健对策探讨

目的了解我校女职工的健康状况,对妇科疾病及时诊断与治疗,并为妇女保健工作提供依据。方法对568名女职工进行常规妇科检查、宫颈涂片、妇科B超、乳腺外科等项目检查,并进行统计分析。结果568人受检人员中,460人患有妇科疾病,占受检人数的80.98%。妇科疾病的前四位分别为慢性宫颈炎、阴道炎、乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤,所占比例为92.83%。结论我校女职工妇科疾病患病情况不容乐观,定期体检是做好预防保健的关键。     

男、女用避孕套临床可接受性的比较

目的:比较男、女用避孕套的临床可接受性。方法:以40名健康育龄期妇女自愿者为研究对象,采用交叉设计,每人使用男女用避孕套各5个,每使用完一种后填写评价性调查表;使用完两种后,填写总结性调查表,对两种避孕套进行比较。结果:在避孕套的取出/取下、性生活中阴茎的插入、以及性生活中是否感觉不舒服(疼痛、烧灼感)等方面,对两种避孕套的评价基本相同。男用避孕套的主要优点是易学、易用,而女用避孕套可使性生活更有兴趣和感到更安全。总的说来,女性对使用两种避孕套的态度没有明显差异,而男性则比较喜欢使用男用避孕套。结论:通过适当的推广和改进,在我国会有一定比例的育龄妇女接受并使用女用避孕套。     

Characteristics of Contraceptive Use in Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Objective To know the characteristics of contraceptive use in Sao Paulo State collected by the Demographic and Health Survey （DHS） conducted in 1996. Methods Data of Sao Paulo in 1996 were analyzed compared with the previous DHS carried on in 1986focusing on Sao Paulo State. Contraceptive use among married or cohabiting women by age, number of children and schooling was closely examined. Age and timing of female sterilization were also analyzed. Results The results showed that unlike Brazil there was a stability of female sterilization in Sao Paulo State during 1986 and 1996. There was a pattern in Sao Paulo： up to 30 years old the pill was the most used contraceptive, after 30 there was a predominance of female sterilization, which increased with the number of children and decreased with schooling. The use of male methods had also increased in the 1986 and 1996 period, being greater in Sao Paulo than in Brazil. Sao Paulo also presented more diversity in the use of reversible contraceptives. Conclusions The predominant two contraceptive methods in Brazil and Sao Paulo changed from 1986 to 1996, i.e..from pill to female sterilization.