咽旁间隙肿瘤18例临床分析

目的探讨如何根据咽旁间隙肿瘤的临床特征、影像学表现, 选择治疗咽旁间隙肿瘤的合理手术径路。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2022年6月广州市番禺中心医院收治的18例咽旁间隙肿瘤患者, 男10例, 女8例, 年龄20～64岁, 平均44岁, 根据术前CT和(或)MRI检查结果结合临床特征接受不同径路的手术治疗。结果经颈侧径路14例, 经腮腺径路2例, 经口径路1例, 经口联合颈侧径路1例。术后病理诊断多形性腺瘤8例, 神经鞘膜瘤8例, 腺淋巴瘤和腮腺导管癌各1例。术后并发声嘶3例。17例良性肿瘤术后随访4个月到10年均无复发, 1例腮腺导管癌术后加放疗、随访26个月无复发。结论颈侧径路是咽旁间隙肿瘤最常用的手术方法。良性肿瘤主体凸向口咽, 位于颈内动脉内侧可选择经口径路手术, 来源于腮腺深叶的巨大多形性腺瘤选择腮腺联合经口径路显然优于单纯颈外进路。神经鞘瘤囊外切除容易损伤迷走神经而出现声嘶。     

经尿道等离子前列腺剜除术治疗前列腺增生症的疗效分析

目的探讨经尿道前列腺等离子剜除术(TUPK-EP)治疗巨大良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效。方法入选2013年1月至2015年12月广州市增城区新塘医院泌尿外科收治的巨大BPH患者65例,依据治疗方法分为两组:经尿道前列腺等离子电切术(TUPK-RP)组(n=32)和TUPK-EP组(n=33)。对比两组患者的疗效、最大尿流量(Q_(max))及残余尿量(PVR)等临床指标。结果与TUPK-RP组相比,TUPK-EP组患者的手术时间显著缩短、冲洗液用量和术中出血量显著减少、Hb下降值亦显著降低,而腺体切除量显著增加,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后3个月的复查结果显示,与TUPK-RP组相比,TUPK-EP组的Q_(max)显著增高、PVR显著降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在治疗巨大BPH时,与TUPK-RP比较,TUPK-EP的优势更明显,能更完全地切除腺体,缩短手术时间,降低术中出血量,值得临床推广应用。     

Age and sex related variations of adult human ocular volumes in the Sri Lankan population: an evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging

IntroductionVariations in the human ocular volumes are related to ocular pathologies including congenital glaucoma, microphthalmus, buphthalmus, and macrophthalmus. As the currently published reference ocular volumes are prone to physiological and racial variations, population specific values may provide more precision in ophthalmological interventions. This study was conducted to assess the age and sex dependent differences in ocular volumes in Sri Lankan individuals using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsThe study was undertaken using the brain MRI scans from 200 patients which were reported as normal. Study sample consisted of patients between 18 years and 90 years of age with 91 male subjects and 109 female subjects. Two independent observers measured ocular volumes using a software-based method and an MRI planimetry based method. Age and sex of the study participants were recorded for the further analysis.ResultsStatistically significant differences in both ocular volumes were found between males and females (p < 0.05) when using both volume analysis methods. The mean ± SD ocular volumes obtained as right software based volume, right MRI planimetry volume, left software based volume and left MRI planimetry volume were 6.8 ± 0.6, 6.0 ± 0.6, 6.6 ± 0.7 and 5.9 ± 0.6 cm³ in females and 6.9 ± 0.8, 6.3 ± 0.7, 6.9 ± 0.8 and 6.2 ± 0.7 cm³ in males. While software-based measurements show a significant linear correlation with age in both eyeball volumes, MRI planimetry measurement showed a significant linear correlation with age only in the left eyeball (p < 0.05). Weak negative correlations were found with age in right ocular volume in both MRI planimetry based (r = ?0.121) and software based (r = -0.168) measurements and in left ocular volume in MRI planimetry based (r = ?0.151) and software based (r = -0.179) measurements. Furthermore, ocular volumes obtained from the software-based method were significantly greater than the MRI planimetry based ocular volumes (p < 0.05) in both eyes, despite having a strong positive correlation.ConclusionThe mean ocular volumes obtained from this study revealed a significant variation between the right and left eyes as well as a sexual dimorphism. Moreover, since the two measurement methods show a significant difference, the choice of measurement method should depend on the required accuracy of the eye volume decided with respect to the clinical implication.Implications for practiceSince there are no reference values for Sri Lankan adult ocular volumes, this study may serve that purpose in the current population, while supporting ophthalmologists and radiologists to quantitatively evaluate ocular pathologies and to follow precise interventions.     

Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the orbit: A rare clinical entity

Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma is an exceptionally rare neoplasm with a propensity for local recurrence and metastasis. We report the second case in the world literature of a primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the orbit in a 66‐year‐old man suffering from pain, progressive protrusion of left eye, and a deep drop in vision on the left for several weeks. His first external examination revealed significant proptosis with downward displacement of the left globe with no signs of lagophthalmos. A limitation of abduction was also noted. A CT of the orbit with and without contrast showed intra‐ and extra‐conical solid expansive process. MRI of the orbit with contrast and without contrast has shown a process of the supero‐internal angle of the left orbit. The patient was operated via a combined approach, and complete enucleation was done. The final pathologic diagnosis was mucinous adenocarcinoma of the orbit. The postoperative neuroimaging showed a complete resection of the tumor. The patient is referred for adjuvant radiotherapy. A CT of the orbit was made 3 months postoperatively and did not show any local recurrence.