骨髓单个核细胞移植后心肌梗死区的血管生成及细胞因子分泌

背景：干细胞移植为治疗心肌梗死带来新的希望,但研究结果不一致,存在争议。细胞移植能否长期持久地改善心脏功能、改善缺血心功能的机制这些问题均不明确。 目的：观察经冠状动脉自体骨髓单个核细胞移植对急性心肌梗死犬心功能、血管生成和细胞因子分泌的影响。 方法：杂种犬分为骨髓单个核细胞组(n=10)和生理盐水组(n=6),前上嵴或髂后上棘穿刺分离得到骨髓单个核细胞,结扎冠状动脉前降支建立急性心肌梗死模型,于心肌梗死后2 h分别经冠状动脉内移植骨髓单个核细胞和生理盐水,心肌梗死后2 h及6周时分别测定超声心动图指标,骨髓单个核细胞移植后6周vWF免疫组化染色检测心肌组织的毛细血管密度,RT-PCR检测血管内皮生长因子(血管内皮生长因子188、血管内皮生长因子164)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、基质金属蛋白酶9 mRNA的表达。 结果与结论：经冠状动脉自体骨髓单个核细胞移植后6周,超声心动图显示,骨髓单个核细胞组射血分数和每搏输出量比生理盐水组显著升高;梗死边缘区新生血管数量明显高于生理盐水组。骨髓单个核细胞组梗死区血管内皮生长因子188、血管内皮生长因子164和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子mRNA表达水平显著高于生理盐水组。骨髓单个核细胞组梗死区基质金属蛋白酶9 mRNA 表达水平显著低于生理盐水组。结果说明自体骨髓单个核细胞经冠状动脉内注射移植,改善急性心肌梗死后心功能,促进梗死边缘区血管生成,提高促血管生长因子血管内皮生长因子188、血管内皮生长因子164和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的mRNA表达水平,减少基质金属蛋白酶9 mRNA表达水平。     

The use of dried cerebrospinal fluid filter paper spots as a substrate for PCR diagnosis of the aetiology of bacterial meningitis in the Lao PDR

We investigated whether dried cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) conserved on filter paper can be used as a substrate for accurate PCR diagnosis of important causes of bacterial meningitis in the Lao PDR. Using mock CSF, we investigated and optimized filter paper varieties, paper punch sizes, elution volumes and quantities of DNA template to achieve sensitive and reliable detection of bacterial DNA from filter paper specimens. FTA Elute Micro CardTM (Whatman, Maidstone, UK) was the most sensitive, consistent and practical variety of filter paper. Following optimization, the lower limit of detection for Streptococcus pneumoniae from dried mock CSF spots was 14 genomic equivalents (GE)/μL (interquartile range 5.5 GE/μL) or 230 (IQR 65) colony forming units/mL. A prospective clinical evaluation for S. pneumoniae, S. suis and Neisseria meningitidis was performed. Culture and PCR performed on fresh liquid CSF from patients admitted with a clinical diagnosis of meningitis (n = 73) were compared with results derived from dried CSF spots. Four of five fresh PCR-positive CSF samples also tested PCR positive from dried CSF spots, with one patient under the limit of detection. In a retrospective study of S. pneumoniae samples (n = 20), the median (IQR; range) CSF S. pneumoniae bacterial load was 1.1 × 10⁴ GE/μL (1.2 × 10⁵; 1 to ×.1 × 10⁶ DNA GE/μL). Utilizing the optimized methodology, we estimate an extrapolated sensitivity of 90%, based on the range of CSF genome counts found in Laos. Dried CSF filter paper spots could potentially help us to better understand the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in resource-poor settings and guide empirical treatments and vaccination policies.     

间充质干细胞移植修复梗死心肌的策略及效果

背景：很多研究表明间充质干细胞治疗心肌梗死具有极大的潜力。 目的：综述目前增强间充质干细胞治疗心肌梗死的移植策略及其移植后疗效评估方法。 方法：应用计算机检索PubMed、知网、维普及康健数据库中1995年1月至2012年3月关于增强间充质干细胞移植疗效的文章,在标题和摘要中以“间充质干细胞;心功、血管新生或存活”或“Mesenchymal stem cell;Fuction、Angiogenesis or Survival”为检索词进行检索。选择文章内容与运用不同的移植策略来提高间充质干细胞移植后心功恢复、心肌血管新生及移植细胞存活率这几方面有关,同一领域文献则选择近期发表在权威杂志文章。初检得到220篇文献,根据纳入标准选择20篇文章进行综述。 结果与结论：通过间充质干细胞体外扩增后诱导分化并移植是心肌梗死后重建做功心肌的具有潜力的新途径,但因其移植后心肌归巢、分化率及存活率低而应用受限。此外,采取合理方法精确评估移植疗效对后期移植策略选择也至关重要,且心脏结构功能重建、心肌纤维化减轻和毛细血管新生程度3个方面成为主要的评价标准。从心脏整体功能考虑到局部功能评估和由选择合适单成像方式成像到采取“非侵入性融合显像”是目前间充质干细胞移植疗效评价的新进步。通过采用合适的移植策略及疗效评价方法以增强间充质干细胞治疗心肌梗死疗效,值得并需要更进一步研究探讨。     

髓核细胞诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向髓核方向的分化

背景：国内外已有很多文献相继报道了用骨髓间充质干细胞-藻酸盐复合植入材料来修复大鼠退变的腰椎间盘,但尚缺少对此复合物与正常髓核细胞之间的各项生物学指标的比较。 目的：在Transwell非接触共培养条件下,研究髓核细胞对骨髓间充质干细胞的诱导作用。 方法：全骨髓法培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞并鉴定,取第3代骨髓间充质干细胞及髓核细胞复合藻酸盐接种于Transwell共培养系统中,上室接种骨髓间充质干细胞藻酸盐复合物,下室接种髓核细胞藻酸盐复合物,共培养7 d后回收上层骨髓间充质干细胞。 结果与结论：RT-PCR方法检测共培养组Ⅱ型胶原、Sox-9和多功能蛋白聚糖的mRNA表达均接近正常髓核细胞。说明共培养条件下髓核细胞能诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向髓核方向分化。     

咬合检测材料对咀嚼肌表面肌电的影响

目的探讨不同咬合检测材料在牙尖交错位（ICP）紧咬状态下对咀嚼肌肌电水平的影响。方法筛选30名大学生志愿者,分别在空白对照、口内放入咬合纸、口内放入T-Scan咬合片、口内放人T-Scan咬合架及咬合片（加架咬合片）等四种状况下作ICP最大紧咬,使用Bio-pak肌电图仪分别记录每组双侧颞肌前份（TA）及咬肌（MM）的肌电水平,并对四组数据进行比较分析。结果（1）与对照组相比．咬合纸组、咬合片组、加架咬合片组的TA、MM肌电幅值均升高;除加架咬合片组右侧TA（P〉0．05）外,其他差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（2）咬合纸组、咬合片组、加架咬合片组两两间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（3）与对照组TA不对称指数相比,咬合纸组、加架咬合片组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而咬合片组则无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;与对照组的MM不对称指数相比,加架咬合片组不对称指数差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,咬合纸组、咬合片组则差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（4）与咬合片组TA不对称指数相比,咬合纸组、加架咬合片组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论（1）不同咬合检测材料对所检测咀嚼肌肌电均有影响;（2）与加架咬合片相比．单纯咬合片对所检MM的肌电影响更小,因此对咬合检测结果的干扰更小。     

Neonate blood IgE levels on filter paper as indicators of atopic disease

Measurements of IgE levels in the blood of neonates were investigated using filter paper for blood collection in mass screening of congenital metabolic disorders. Time-resolved fluoroimmunometric assay system for the measurement of filter paper blood IgE levels was also studied. In an analysis of the present results, IgE values of at least 0.015U/ml, the measurement limit, were considered as high. High IgE levels in filter paper blood were seen in 28 (7.2%) of the 389 cases. When the relation with serum IgE levels at 18 months of age was investigated in 134 of 389 subjects, high serum IgE levels were also found in about 86.7% of the subjects with high IgE levels in filter paper blood. In addition, when the relation between family history of atopic disease and presence of atopic disease in the first 18 months of age was investigated in 203 of the 389 subjects, about 90% of the subjects with a family history of atopic disease and high IgE levels in filter paper blood developed atopic disease. Since filter paper blood is routinely collected in Japan, IgE levels in this blood should be widely checked for the prediction of onset of atopic disease in infants.     

LD-A数码医疗影像纸介质打印与干式激光打印在磁共振诊断腔隙性脑梗死中的对比研究

目的：探讨LD-A数码医疗纸介质打印系统在磁共振影像学诊断腔隙性脑梗死方面的临床应用价值。方法：请3名具有5年以上磁共振阅片经验的医师回顾性分析经磁共振确诊为腔隙性脑梗死患者的纸介质打印片和胶片结果。结果：分析100例腔隙性脑梗死患者影像图像,经统计学处理,诊断结论无统计学意义,证明这两种方式读片时结果无显著性差异。结论：LD-A数码医疗影像成像系统在磁共振对于腔隙性脑梗死患者的临床诊断上有应用价值。     

Psychopathie et risque de récidive sexuelle : analyse critique de la littérature scientifique

Objectives

For the past twenty years, sexual violence is a major subject in the legal and criminological fields. Moreover, this phenomenon is becoming a major public health issue and becomes an important topic in termes of prevention. The main objective of this article is to clarify the current state of the litterature about the relationship between the psychopathy and the risk of sexual recidivism. Indeed, the relationship between both of them are debated among the studies right now. So, it's in this context that we wanted to expose the international studies on this topic and to discuss it.

Clinician accuracy when subjectively interpreting articulating paper markings

Aims:

The aim of this study was to determine whether Subjective Interpretation of paper markings is a reliable method for identifying the relative occlusal force content of tooth contacts.

Methodology:

295 clinicians selected the “Most Forceful” and “Least Forceful” occlusal contacts in six occlusal-view photographs of articulating paper marks that were later compared against computerized occlusal analysis relative occlusal force measurements of the same tooth contacts. Means and standard deviations were calculated by years in clinical practice and by number of occlusion courses taken. A Chi-square analysis was also performed.

Results:

The mean correct for 295 participant dentists was 1·53 (±1·234). There were no significant differences found for years in practice (P>0·16) or number of occlusion courses taken (P>0·75). The Chi-square analysis showed a sensitivity of 12·6%, a specificity of 12·4%, a positive predictive value of 12·58%, and a negative predictive value of 12·42%. Chance was calculated at 12·5% correct.

Conclusions:

Subjective Interpretation is an ineffective clinical method for determining the relative occlusal force content of tooth contacts. The reported low scores obtained from a large group of participant dentists suggest clinicians are unable to reliably differentiate high and low occlusal force from looking at articulating paper marks. This longstanding method of visually observing articulating paper marks for occlusal contact force content should be replaced with a measurement-based, objective method.     

苹果常温保鲜技术

采用AF型气氛保鲜纸对苹果进行常温保鲜效果试验,并与其他保鲜方法进行了对比试验.该法具有简单易行、投资少、见效快等特点,可用于苹果常温贮藏保鲜.结果表明,用AF型气氛保鲜纸包裹苹果,可使苹果在常温下贮藏保鲜期稳定在140 d以上,失重率降低66.9%,皱皮率降低90.6%,腐烂率降低87.3%,硬度和可溶性固形物含量基本不变.