Secretogranin I (chromogranin B) mRNA accumulation is hormonally regulated in GH3B6 rat pituitary tumor cells

Secretogranin I (SgI; chromogranin B) belongs to a class of acidic tyrosine-sulfated secretory proteins believed to play a role in the secretory process of endocrine cells. Our aim here was to compare the levels of SgI mRNA to that of prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH), using rat pituitary cell lines. As far as the constitutive expression is concerned, we found a positive correlation between SgI mRNA and PRL mRNA levels. However, the neuropeptide TRH (50 nM) inhibited the accumulation of SgI mRNA in GH3B6 cells whereas, as expected, it induced a rapid and sustained increase in PRL mRNA accumulation. By contrast, 17β-estradiol (1 nM) stimulated the accumulation of both SgI and PRL mRNAs, with the same EC₅₀ (18–59 pM). Reciprocally, treatment with dexamethasone (100 nM) reduced the level of SgI and PRL mRNAs to 23% and 29% of control, respectively, but led to a 2.1-fold increase in the GH mRNA level. Altogether, the present work shows that SgI gene expression is subject to multiple hormonal regulations and occasionally parallels the regulation of the PRL gene but never that of the GH gene, under the conditions tested.     

Inhibition of Complement Regulation Is Key to the Pathogenesis of Active Heymann Nephritis

Crry (complement receptor 1–related protein/gene y) is a key cellular complement regulator in rodents. It is also present in Fx1A, the renal tubular preparation used to immunize rats to induce active Heymann nephritis (HN), a model of membranous nephropathy. We hypothesized that rats immunized with anti-Fx1A develop autoantibodies (auto-Abs) to Crry as well as to the megalin-containing HN antigenic complex, and that anti-Crry Abs promote the development of injury in HN by neutralizing the complement regulatory activity of Crry. Rats immunized with Fx1A lacking Crry remained free of proteinuria and glomerular deposits of C3 during a 10-wk follow-up despite typical granular immunoglobulin (Ig)G deposits in glomeruli. Anti-Fx1A auto-Abs were present in their sera at levels that were not different from sera pooled from proteinuric rats with HN induced with nephritogenic Fx1A. Passive administration of sheep anti-Crry Abs to rats immunized with Crry-deficient Fx1A led to proteinuria and glomerular C3 deposition, which were not seen in such rats injected with preimmune IgG, nor in rats with collagen-induced arthritis injected with anti-Crry IgG. To directly examine the role of Crry in HN, rats were immunized with Crry-deficient Fx1A reconstituted with rCrry. This led to typical HN, with 8 out of 15 rats developing proteinuria within 14 wk. Moreover, the extent of glomerular C3 deposition correlated with proteinuria, and anti-Crry Abs were present in glomerular eluates. Thus, Crry is a key nephritogenic immunogen in Fx1A. Formation of neutralizing auto-Abs to Crry impairs its function, leading to unrestricted complement activation by Abs reactive with the HN antigenic complex on the epithelial cell surface.     

大鼠烧伤后急性期蛋白mRNA的表达

分析了不同烧伤程度大鼠肝、脾、肾和骨骼骨内４种急性期蛋白，即ａ１－酸性糖蛋白、ａ１－抗胰蛋白酶、白蛋白和转铁蛋白（Ｔｒｆ）ｍＲＮＡ水平的动态变化特征，结果表明：（１）肝脏是合成各种ＡＰＲ的主要场所；（２）即使是小面积的烧伤也可以诱发急性期反应。（３）烧伤后血清Ａｌｂ水平下降是急性期反应的特征，但在ｍＲＮＡ水平上并不下降而是增加。     

Studies on the function and regulation of low－affinity glucocorticoid receptor

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延髓腹外侧区在调节呼吸和心血管系统中的作用

现已知延髓腹外侧区在呼吸调节和心血管调节中起着重要作用．延髓腹外侧区有两个重要的血管运动中枢，称为头侧和尾侧血管运动中枢．参与呼吸调节的中枢化学感受器位于延髓腹外侧区浅表部位；延髓腹外侧区还参与中枢和外周化学感受器的传入冲动的整合．文章对一些最重要的有争论的观点作一综述     

人肺癌细胞转录因子--C/EBP和HMG样蛋白的EMSA检测

目的：检测人肺癌细胞中是否存在与Na^ /H^ 交换蛋白-1（NHE-1）基因转录相关的重要转录因子--C/EBP和HMG样蛋白。方法：采用电泳迁移率改变分析法（EMSA）检测人肺癌细胞株核蛋白中C/EBP和HMG样蛋白的表达及其水平。结果：EMSA检测到A549细胞和转染NHE-1反义载体的A549细胞均有转录因子C/EBP和HMG样蛋白的表达，且后者表达水平高于前者；采用50倍未标记的片段能完全抑制相应转录因子与^32P标记的相同片段的结合。结论：A549细胞核蛋白中存在能与C/EBP结合序列和Poly(dA：dT)区结合的转录因子，即C/EBP和HMG样蛋白，后者的表达水平高于前者。特异性竞争抑制试验表明外源性特异DNA片段能抑制相同片段与转录因子的结合。     

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目的通过建立完全性睡眠剥夺的幼鼠模型,探讨短期完全性睡眠剥夺对幼鼠体温调节及生长的影响。方法2005-01-03将上海交通大学附属新华医院儿科研究所12只出生后3周刚断奶的雄性幼鼠,随机分为试验组和对照组。采用小站台水环境的方法对幼鼠进行48h的睡眠剥夺。睡眠剥夺前、24h及48h后,分别进行体温、体重及进食量的监测,并计算日能耗,睡眠剥夺结束后处死幼鼠并对重要脏器进行称量。结果实验结果表明48h睡眠剥夺后,两组幼鼠体温均出现随时间变化特点,在睡眠剥夺24h后增高,48h后出现体温下降;睡眠剥夺后试验组幼鼠体重明显低于对照组,而试验组的进食量在48h后明显多于对照组;在日能量消耗的比较中,试验组在24h睡眠剥夺后的能耗明显高于对照组;睡眠剥夺48h后各器官重量仅双肺重量与体重的比值在两组间存在差异。结论幼鼠完全性睡眠剥夺的早期即出现体温显著下降,较早显现体温调节中枢的失衡,并且体格发育受到显著影响。     

OTC药评审的法律依据和程序

处方药和非处方药（Ｒｘ＆ＯＴＣ）分类管理制度是由国家法律强制作推行的药品管理制度，药品，制剂或活性成分的ＯＴＣ身分也是根据有关法规，履行法定的审批程序而确立的，我国正在酝酿的Ｒｘ＆ＯＴＣ分类管理制度对公众甚至医学从业人员都是陌生的新事物，在必要通过介绍国外现行该制度是国家的做法，了解有关ＯＴＣ药的立法及药品确立ＯＴＣ身分的合法程序，作为我国将出台的Ｒｘ＆ＯＴＣ分类管理制度的借鉴。