国产医用聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶对动物内脏器官影响的实验研究

目的对国产医用聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶(奥美定)进行动物的实验研究,以初步证明奥美定是安全的软组织填充剂。方法将56只日本大耳白兔随机分为实验组、对照组和空白组,实验组注射奥美定配制液,对照组注射生理盐水配制液,空白组不行任何注射。分别于注射后的第1、3、6、11、12个月做血常规及肝、肾功能检查,同时将兔的内脏组织行光镜和电镜观察。结果实验组:注射奥美定后1~6个月兔内脏的组织学观察有轻度改变,6个月后逐渐转为“正常”;血常规及肝、肾功能无明显影响。与对照组和空白组比较(P>0.01),差异无显著意义。结论初步认为奥美定是安全的软组织填充剂,但尚需进一步研究及长期的临床观察。     

左心室舒张(充盈)功能的影响因素

本文用X线电影摄影方法评价了49例左室舒张(充盈)功能的影响因素。冠心病(CAD)组23例,高血压病组12例,正常对照组14例。左室充盈功能或顺应性主要受冠脉病变严重程度的影响。冠脉狭窄程度越重,并有陈旧性心肌梗塞、室壁运动异常、EF下降,则充盈功能受损愈明显。血压、年龄因素对舒张充盈功能的影响较小。在CAD组中,心率与1/3充盈分数呈负相关,与正常化高峰充盈率(NPFR)不相关,而EF则与NPFR相关良好。     

Periradicular healing in response to Diaket root-end filling material with and without tricalcium phosphate

The healing of the periradicular tissues was evaluated when the polyvinyl resin Diaket with and without tricalcium phosphate was used as surgical root-end filling material. Non-surgical root canal treatment was performed on 56 mandibular premolar roots in mongrel dogs. Following root-end resection, root-end cavity preparations were filled with Diaket, the comparative material, or Diaket in combination with tricalcium phosphate, the experimental material. Postsurgically, healing of the tissues adjacent to the filling materials and in the surrounding surgical site were evaluated at 30 and 60 days. There was virtually no statistically significant difference between the experimental and comparative group at or within the 30- or 60-day period with regard to inflammation, connective tissue formation, root-end encapsulation, cementum formation, or bone apposition. Findings suggest that cementogenesis occurred over both materials. The overall healing of the periradicular tissues was favourable.     

重组促红细胞生成素对腹膜透析患者心功能的影响

目的　了解基因重组人促红细胞生成素 (r HuEPO)对持续性非卧床腹膜透析 (CAPD)患者心室结构及功能的影响。方法　 32例CAPD伴高血压患者 ,其中 1 6例应用降压药物控制血压 ,同时应用r HuEPO纠正贫血 ,1 6例单用降压药物 ,随访 6个月。结果　两组治疗前后差值比较 ,治疗组的LVPWT、E/A与对照组比较有显著差异(P <0 .0 5 )。结论　长期纠正贫血和控制血压有利于透析患者左室结构及功能异常的逆转     

超声心动图房室平面位移法对高血压病早期患者左室舒张功能的评价

目的:探讨超声心动图房室平面位移(AVPD)法评价高血压病早期患者(HT)左室舒张功能的可行性。方法:分别记录200例HT患者左房射血所致AVPD(AVPDa)值、AVPD与二尖瓣环4个位点上的AVPD均值(AVPDmean)比值,并与二尖瓣口E/A比值法(E/A分析法)进行对比。结果:200例HT患者AVPD法测值:AVPDmean值为(0·66±0·15)cm,AVPDa为(0·79±0·46)cm,E/A分析法:E/A最大峰值速度分别为(75·38±11·66)cm/s,(82·36±16·82)cm/s。根据AVPD方法诊断163例舒张功能异常,E/A分析法诊断171例舒张功能异常,二者之间差异无显著性意义(χ2=1·78,P>0·05)。结论:AVPD方法与E/A分析法有较好符合性,为一无创性评价HT患者左室舒张功能的新方法。     

A genetic and environmental time series analysis of blood pressure in male twins

Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured on 254 monozygotic (MZ) and 260 dizygotic (DZ) male twin pairs, during middle age (average age 48 years) and at two later age points. Genetic and environmental components of covariation were modeled by time series. For both measures, shared environmental influences were absent and specific environmental influences were largely time-specific. Although heritability was about 0.5 at each time point, genetic variation present at middle age contributed only about 60% to that present 9 years later, the remaining 40% being new. Fifteen years later, at the third time point, no new genetic variation was evident, variation in individual differences being entirely attributable to genetic differences laid down at the two earlier ages. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Bladder filling by autologous urine production during cystometry: a urodynamic pitfall!

AIMS: The rate of autologous urine production should not have a major disturbing influence on cystometric urodynamic parameters such as first filling sensation, normal desire to void, strong desire to void, and cystometric bladder capacity. Instructions to patients and drinking behavior can have considerable impact, especially if filling cystometry is preceded by free uroflowmetry. We studied the influence of autologous urine production during filling cystometry on total bladder volume. METHODS: Urodynamic investigations performed between September of 2000 and February of 2001 were analyzed. Only those urodynamic investigations for which total bladder capacity could be calculated were taken into account (i.e., catheterization before and after cystometry and no urine loss during the investigations). RESULTS: After screening, 186 investigations were used for further analysis. Mean filled volume (external infusion plus autologous urine production) was 346 +/- 152 mL, but mean real bladder capacity (i.e., voided volume + residual urine) was 391 +/- 170 mL. In all patients, 14% extra urine was produced due to autologous urine production (mean filling rate, 6.1 mL/min). In 42% of the investigations, the real bladder capacity was more than 110% of the infused volume. In 18% of the patients, the contribution of natural bladder filling was more than 25% of the infused volume. CONCLUSIONS: Natural bladder filling plays a substantial role during filling cystometry and has a disturbing influence on calculated urodynamic parameters. Attention should be paid to patient instructions before the urodynamic investigation. The combination of free uroflowmetry followed by filling cystometry should be avoided. This avoidance is especially important if interventional studies are performed. Careful interpretation of studies depending on bladder capacity parameters is mandatory, and such parameters should be corrected for autologous bladder filling.     

多普勒超声心动图对儿童急性肾炎早期左室舒张功能的研究

目的　采用多普勒超声心动图评价儿童急性肾炎 (AGN)早期左室舒张功能 (LVDF)损害的严重程度及疗效观察。方法　将 76例急性肾炎患儿按病情程度分为轻度、重度两组与 5 4例健康对照组进行对照。应用HP - 10 0 0型超声诊断仪 ,分别于治疗前和治疗后 2周测定二尖瓣舒张早期峰值流速 (EV)、二尖瓣舒张晚期峰值流速 (AV)、EV AV比值、舒张早期充盈分数(EI)、舒张晚期充盈分数 (AI)、EI AI比值、E峰加速时间 (AT)、E峰减速时间 (DT)、DT AT比值、肺静脉收缩期最大前向血流速度(S)、舒张期最大前向血流速度 (D)、D S比值、左房内径 (LA)、主动脉内径 (AO)、LA AO比值等 11项指标。结果　EV AV、EI AI、LA AO、D S是判断LVDF损害的重要指标 ;LVDF损害与病情严重程度有关 ,其中 ,EV、EV AV、EI、EI AI、AT、D S随病情加重而降低 ,AV、AI、DT、DT AT、LA AO随病情加重而增高 ;EI、AI、AT、DT、DT AT是评价其疗效的重要指标 ;治疗后 ,LVDF恢复时间晚于临床症状恢复时间。结论　上述指标可动态检测LVDF ,对指导临床诊治具有重要意义。同时该检测方法操作简便易行、重复性强、无痛苦 ,结果较为精确。