肝硬化心肌病的CMR与USG研究进展

肝硬化心肌病(CCM)是肝硬化的严重并发症之一,主要表现为心肌对应激的收缩反应受损和/或舒张功能障碍及电生理功能异常。超声心动图(USG)目前广泛应用于CCM的诊断,但CCM发病机制复杂、血流动力学特殊,仅凭单一的USG技术很难完整揭示其结构、功能及心肌内部的改变。心脏磁共振(CMR)成像是目前公认的评估心脏功能的“金标准”,能多维度评价CCM心肌损伤。就USG、CMR技术在CCM心脏结构、功能、心肌纤维化评估及预后判断中的应用予以综述。     

Reversible cardiac dysfunction in severe COVID-19 infection,mechanisms and case report

A previously healthy 49-year-old male patient presented with COVID-19 infection and required mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation due to severe hypoxemia. Echocardiography showed cardiac dysfunction with an apical sparing strain pattern, which rapidly normalized within a week. Apical sparing myocardial strain in patients with COVID-19 infection may suggest reverse-type stress cardiomyopathy.     

肾糖康合剂联合西药治疗早期糖尿病肾病的临床研究

目的观察肾糖康合剂对早期糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)的临床疗效。方法将符合纳入标准的40例早期DN患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各20例,2组均予控制饮食、降糖等基础治疗,同时给予福辛普利每日1次,连服2月;治疗组在此基础上口服肾糖康合剂,每日1剂,每次300 ml,早晚各服1次,连服2月。结果治疗组尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值(Alb/Cr)和超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平显著优于对照组,二者具有统计学差异。结论肾糖康合剂可以改善早期DN患者临床症状,减少尿微量白蛋白排泄,降低hsCRP从而改善慢性炎症。     

肥厚型心肌病猝死相关危险因素的研究进展

肥厚型心肌病是一种相对常见的心脏疾病,在普通人群的发病率为0.2%。其临床特征异质性大,但大部分患者的寿命不受影响。尽管如此,心脏性猝死仍然是一部分患者尤其是年轻患者的首发症状。因而,目前迫切需要寻找合理的危险分层方法,将肥厚型心肌病中心脏性猝死高风险的患者鉴别出来。现重点对肥厚型心肌病的相关危险因素做一总结。     

安装心脏植入型电子装置的肥厚型心肌病患者合并严重房室阻滞的影响因素分析

目的:探索安装心脏植入型电子装置的肥厚型心肌病(HCM)患者发生严重房室阻滞(AVB)的影响因素。方法:连续收集2002年11月至2013年6月在我院心律失常中心安装心脏植入型电子装置且出院诊断为HCM的患者126例,男性71例,女性55例,平均年龄(57.02±14.93)岁。根据是否有高度及以上AVB,将患者分为严重AVB组(28例)和非严重AVB组(98例)。比较两组患者一般临床资料、血清学检查、心电图及超声心动图指标,应用二分类Logistic回归分析探讨HCM患者发生严重AVB的影响因素。结果:126例患者中,103例植入起搏器,22例安装埋藏式心脏复律除颤器(ICD),1例进行心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)。非严重AVB组患者年龄(58.0±13.2)岁,女性45例(45.9%);严重AVB患者年龄(53.5±19.8)岁,女性10例(35.7%)。非严重AVB组与严重AVB组比较,心房颤动比例、静息左心室流出道压差峰值、β受体阻滞剂及钙拮抗剂使用率显著升高,而糖尿病比例显著降低、QRS时限明显缩短(P均<0.05)。二分类Logistic回归分析示糖尿病(OR=5.023,95%CI:1.452~17.382,P=0.011)是HCM患者发生严重AVB的影响因素。结论:在安装心脏植入型电子装置的HCM患者中,糖尿病是发生严重AVB的显著影响因素。     

Sibling concordance for clinical features of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies

Introduction: The correlation of markers of disease severity among brothers with Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy has implications for clinical guidance and clinical trials. Methods: Sibling pairs with Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy (n = 60) were compared for ages when they reached clinical milestones of disease progression, including ceased ambulation, scoliosis of ≥ 20°, and development of cardiomyopathy. Results: The median age at which younger brothers reached each milestone, compared with their older brothers ranged from 25 months younger for development of cardiomyopathy to 2 months older for ceased ambulation. For each additional month of ambulation by the older brother, the hazard of ceased ambulation by the younger brother decreased by 4%. Conclusions: The ages when siblings reach clinical milestones of disease vary widely between siblings. However, the time to ceased ambulation for older brothers predicts the time to ceased ambulation for their younger brothers. Muscle Nerve 49 : 814–821, 2014