Human papillomavirus was not detected by PCR using multiple consensus primer sets in esophageal adenocarcinomas in Chinese patients

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is well established; however, there are few reports on the role of HPV in esophageal adenocarcinoma. To evaluate the putative role of HPV infection in esophageal adenocarcinoma, 57 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded esophageal adenocarcinoma specimens were collected from four hospitals in Shanghai and Anyang, China, between 1999 and 2008. HPV DNA was analyzed using PCR with multiple sets of consensus primers for HPV, GP5+/6+, CPI/CPIIG, SPF₁₀, pU‐1M/pU2R, and pU31B/pU2R. Glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), the internal control, was amplified successfully in all 57 specimens. However, HPV amplification was not detected in any specimens with any of the consensus primer sets used. The present study indicates that HPV infection is not likely to be a major factor in the etiology of esophageal adenocarcinoma in the Chinese population. J. Med. Virol. 85: 1053–1057, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Australian consensus guidelines for the safe handling of monoclonal antibodies for cancer treatment by healthcare personnel

These consensus guidelines provide recommendations for the safe handling of monoclonal antibodies. Definitive recommendations are given for the minimum safe handling requirements to protect healthcare personnel. The seven recommendations cover: (i) appropriate determinants for evaluating occupational exposure risk; (ii) occupational risk level compared with other hazardous and non‐hazardous drugs; (iii) stratification of risk based on healthcare personnel factors; (iv) waste products; (v) interventions and safeguards; (vi) operational and clinical factors and (vii) handling recommendations. The seventh recommendation includes a risk assessment model and flow chart for institutions to consider and evaluate clinical and operational factors unique to individual healthcare services. These guidelines specifically evaluated monoclonal antibodies used in the Australian cancer clinical practice setting; however, the principles may be applicable to monoclonal antibodies used in non‐cancer settings. The guidelines are only applicable to parenterally administered agents.     

A major new alliance in Australian healthcare: the Australian consensus framework for ethical collaboration in the healthcare sector

The 'Australian Consensus Framework for Ethical Collaboration in the Healthcare Sector' (ACF) is an Australian initiative aimed at countering dysfunction and growing mistrust in the health sector through the development of a cross‐sectoral consensus framework. The development of this framework arose from Australia's involvement in the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperative (APEC) and has since become the largest of its kind internationally, with over 70 signatories representing professional bodies, industry organisations, hospital and health services associations, regulators and patient and advocacy groups. In this article, we describe and critique the framework and outline its implementation.     

肝细胞癌癌前病变的诊断和治疗多学科专家共识( 2020版)

肝癌目前占我国癌症死因的第二位。我国肝癌的发病特点大多遵循乙型肝炎-肝硬化-肝癌的“三步曲”模式。癌前病变的筛查在胃癌、大肠癌和宫颈癌等恶性肿瘤的诊治中已取得了显著的成果。肝硬化状态下的不典型增生结节具有较强的恶变潜能,尤其是高级别不典型增生结节癌变率极高。基于国内外在这一领域的研究成果和专家临床经验,《肝细胞癌癌前病变的诊断和治疗多学科专家共识(2020版)》经多学科协作对肝脏高级别不典型增生结节作为肝癌的癌前病变,从概念、筛查、诊断、治疗和随访等各方面进行了归纳和界定,旨在提出和建立肝癌癌前病变的概念和诊疗原则,为降低我国肝癌的发病率和提高肝癌的总体治疗效果作出贡献。     

《2019年美国预防医学工作组专家共识:胰腺癌的筛查》摘译

胰腺癌是一种罕见的癌症,年龄校正的年发病率为12.9例/10万人年。然而,胰腺癌的预后很差,死亡率为11例/10万人年。尽管其发病率很低,但胰腺癌是美国癌症死亡的第三大常见原因。由于胰腺癌发病率上升,以及其他类型癌症早期筛查和治疗技术的改进,胰腺癌可能即将成为美国癌症死亡的第二大原因。制订本共识的目的是更新2004年美国预防医学工作组(USPSTF)关于胰腺癌的筛查建议。USPSTF回顾了胰腺癌筛查的获益和风险,胰腺癌筛查试验的准确性,筛查检出或对无症状胰腺癌患者治疗的获益和风险等方面的证据。USPSTF认为目前没有证据表明对胰腺癌筛查或者对筛查检出患者的治疗可以改善疾病相关的发病率、死亡率或全因死亡率。有充足证据表明在无症状成年人中筛查胰腺癌基本没有获益。有充足证据表明胰腺癌筛查和对筛查检出患者进行治疗的风险至少在中度以上。USPSTF重申了先前的结论,在无症状成人中筛查胰腺癌的潜在获益未超过潜在风险。最终,USPSTF建议不对无症状成人进行胰腺癌筛查(D级推荐)(表1、2)。