Monoclonal Antibody Specific for TIRC7 Induces Donor-specific Anergy and Prevents Rejection of Cardiac Allografts in Mice

T cell immune response c-DNA (TIRC7) is up-regulated during the early stages of T-cell activation in response to alloantigens. In this study, we analyzed the effects of newly developed monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against TIRC7 in acute cardiac allograft rejection. Fully vascularized heterotopic allogeneic heart transplantation was performed in mice across a full-mismatch barrier (C57Bl/10 into CBA). Recipients received seven injections (day 0-7) of a novel anti-TIRC7 mAb or remained untreated. Graft survival, histology and ex vivo lymphocyte functions were tested. Targeting of TIRC7 with an anti-TIRC7 mAb diminishes lymphocyte infiltration into grafts resulting in delay of morphological graft damage and prolongation of allograft survival. The lymphocytes from anti-TIRC7 mAb-treated animals exhibit hypo-responsiveness without evidence of lymphocyte depletion against the donor allo-antigens. Proliferation and expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were down-regulated while interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10 expression were spared. Moreover, anti-TIRC7 mAb enhanced up-regulation of CTLA-4 expression but suppressed up-regulation of CD25 on stimulated lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. Ligation of TIRC7 has important effects on the regulation of co-stimulatory signaling pathways associated with suppressing of T-cell activation. Targeting of TIRC7 may therefore provide a novel therapeutic approach for modulating T cell immune responses during organ transplantation.     

早期扩髓髓内钉固定治疗合并胸部损伤的股骨干骨折

目的探讨合并胸部损伤的股骨干骨折早期扩髓及髓内钉固定是否增加并发症及死亡率. 方法采用回顾性对比分析,依据下列标准选择病例(1) 年龄在17～65岁;(2) 必须有胸部损伤[简明损伤定级(AIS)≥2], 且损伤严重度评分(ISS)≥16;(3) 住院时间≥48 h;(4) 病史中无明显影响全身状况的疾病, 如糖尿病, 慢性心、肺、肾功能不全等;(5) 有股骨干骨折, 且进行了扩髓髓内钉固定, 不含钢板、外固定支架或牵引及石膏固定者.并按受伤至手术时间划分为两组, A组为<24 h手术者(早期扩髓组), B组为≥24 h手术者(延期扩髓组),将两组间合并伤情况、ISS、住院时间、ICU时间、并发症、死亡及合并休克情况进行比较. 结果有96例符合上述标准, 其中A组57例, B组39例,经统计学处理, 两组间仅在股骨开放性骨折发生率(A组53%,B组31%,χ2=4.496, P<0.05)、合并休克率(A组51%, B组28%,χ2=4.895, P<0.05 )及住院时间[A组为(17.5±6.5)d, B组为(31.5±9.5)d,t=8.599, P<0.001]上差异有显著性意义和非常显著性意义, 而两组并发症发生率和死亡率等方面比较, 差异无显著性意义(P>0.05). 结论在合并胸部损伤的股骨干骨折中,只要能控制休克,保证生命体征平稳,对股骨干骨折行早期扩髓髓内钉固定不增加患者的并发症发生率及死亡率,并可促进患者早日康复,缩短住院时间.     

胰腺闭合性损伤的外科诊治探讨

目的探讨胰腺闭合性损伤诊断和外科处理的方法。方法分析20例胰腺闭合性损伤的诊断，手术处理和预后。结果17例治愈，死亡3例，死亡率15，并发胰瘘2例，假性囊肿2例，腹腔脓肿1例。结论CT、B超及血淀粉酶检查对胰腺损伤仍具有一定的诊断价值。术中关键是保持警觉，按胰腺损伤情况选择适当的术式。     

150例颅面部外伤中眼部损伤的CT发现与临床表现的相关性研究

目的　探讨颅面部外伤中眼部损伤的部位和程度与CT扫描发现之间的关系。方法　回顾性分析 15 0例眼部损伤病人的临床表现和CT结果。结果　爆裂骨折多发生于内下壁 ,直接骨折以外壁多见 ,复合骨折常引起多眶壁骨折。合并颅骨骨折 92例。临床表现主要为眶周组织肿胀、眼球运动障碍和视力下降等。结论　CT扫描对眼部损伤病人选择治疗方案和评估预后有重要意义     

情绪波动对急性心肌梗死后心律失常和心力衰竭的影响

目的回顾性探讨情绪波动对急性心肌梗死后心律失常、休克和心力衰竭的影响 ,为针对性地护理提供理论依据。方法将 2 4 1例急性心肌梗死病人有情绪波动 15 6例为观察组 ,无情绪波动 85例为对照组 ,比较情绪波动与心律失常、休克和心力衰竭的关系。结果观察组心律失常的发病率比对照组明显增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,差异有显著性意义。并得出相对危险度 (RR) =1.6 3,归因危险度 (AR) =2 9.12 % ,归因危险比数 (ARP) =38.83% ;室性期前收缩发病率比对照组明显增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,差异有显著性意义 ,并得出RR =2 .2 9,AR =2 6 .5 0 % ,ARP =5 6 .37%。结论情绪波动可使急性心肌梗死后心律失常 ,特别是室性期前收缩的发病率增高。     

富氧对海拔3700m高原人体运动心力储备的影响

目的　探讨富氧对高原人体运动心力储备方面的影响。方法　对海拔 3 70 0m高原的 1 2名健康青年富氧 (氧浓度为 2 4%～ 2 5 %)前后分别进行踏阶运动 ,采用心力监护仪采集和记录心动周期和心力信息 ,把完成规定运动量运动后第一心音 (S1 )幅值对安静时S1 幅值增加的相应倍数评估心肌收缩能力储备指数 (CCRI) ;利用舒张期和收缩期时限数据计算舒张期 /收缩期比值 (D/S比 )。结果　运动后较安静时HR ,D/S ,S1 幅值均增高 ,有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;富氧运动较未富氧运动CCRI,D/S ,S1 幅值增高 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,HR无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　高原低氧环境下心脏储备主要是心肌收缩能力储备而不是心率储备。富氧对增强机体心力储备具有重要作用     

创伤性睾丸脱位5例报告

目的 探讨创伤性睾丸脱位的诊断和治疗。方法 对所收治的5例患的诊治情况进行分析研究，并结合复习有关献。结果 1例手法复位成功，4例行手术复位．1例发生睾丸萎缩后切除患睾。结论 创伤性睾丸脱位临床少见，漏误诊率较高。对骨盆部、会阴部、阴囊部外伤患应警惕本病；详细检查阴囊及睾丸．确诊后尽早行手法或手术复位固定．定期随访。     

Effects of low-dose transdermal scopolamine on autonomic cardiovascular control in healthy young subjects

We studied how posture influences the effects of transdermal scopolamine on autonomic cardiovascular regulation in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of 10 healthy young volunteers. We recorded the electrocardiogram and auscultatory sphygmomanometric and continuous non-invasive finger arterial pressure (Finapres device) to obtain signals for the beat-by-beat R–R interval and systolic, mean and diastolic pressures. R–R interval and arterial pressure variabilities were characterized by power spectral analysis. Scopolamine increased the mean R–R intervals and reduced arterial pressure in both the supine and the standing positions, but did not affect blood pressure variability. Scopolamine increased the total variability of R–R interval and its mid- (0·07–0·15 Hz) and high- (0·15–0·40 Hz) frequency band power in the standing position during controlled breathing at 0·25 Hz. In the supine position, scopolamine did not affect R–R interval variability. In the deep breathing test, scopolamine increased the maximal expiratory–inspiratory R–R interval ratio. This study showed that low-dose scopolamine increases vagal cardiac inhibition in both supine and standing positions in healthy volunteers. However, scopolamine increases heart rate variability only in the standing position during partial vagal withdrawal. The study also demonstrates that transdermal scopolamine decreases blood pressure in healthy young subjects.     

Newer aspects of antiarrhythmic drug development: Introduction

Although cardiac arrhythmias remain a serious clinical problem in many patients with heart disease, the exact role of antiarrhythmic drug therapy is currently under intense evaluation. Within the last several years it has become clear that there are significant risks as well as potential benefits associated with existing agents. Ongoing studies in large patient populations should help determine the benefit/risk ratio of traditional therapy. Regardless of the outcome of these trials, current electrophysiological dogma will have to be re-evaluated and newer concepts evolve for drug development to make further progress. The goal of this symposium is to exchange information among basic and clinical investigators so as to facilitate the emergence of novel electrophysiological concepts that will form the basis for future generations of antiarrhythmic drugs.