通脉络胶囊抗心肌缺血和耐常压缺氧作用的研究

目的：研究通脉络胶囊对实验动物的抗心肌缺血和耐常压缺氧作用,为临床用药提供依据。方法：给兔耳静脉注射脑垂体后叶素,造成急性心肌缺血状态,以心电图ＳＴ段及Ｔ波产生的变化为指标,来研究通脉络胶囊对抗垂体后叶素引起的兔心肌缺血作用;将小鼠放在密闭的容器中造成缺氧环境,以小鼠在常压缺氧条件下呼吸停止的时间为指标,来研究小鼠的耐常压缺氧作用。各实验均设四组动物：通脉络胶囊高、低剂量组、复方丹参片组、水对照组。结果：通脉络胶囊高剂量组与对照组比较有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）;低剂量组有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。与复方丹参片组比较,抗心肌缺血作用无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）;耐常压缺氧作用的高剂量组有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：通脉络胶囊有显著的抗心肌缺血作用和耐常压缺氧作用,它的疗效与剂量有依赖关系;抗心肌缺血作用与复方丹参片近似,耐常压缺氧作用远较复方丹参片强。     

术中经胆囊管胆道造影的应用价值

目的：探讨胆囊切除术时经胆囊管作胆道造对胆道结石病人的应用价值。方法回顾分析442例患有胆囊胆道结石的病人经胆囊管胆道造影的情况。结果442例病人中,假阳性3例,假阴性1例,诊断准确率达99．1％,结论对胆囊胆道结石病人,特别具有胆总管相对探查指征的病人,常规作术中经胆囊管胆道造影可降低胆道残余结石发生率,减少胆道损务,避免不必要的胆总管探查。     

论理想的层次结构

理想是由个体理想、群体理想、社会共同理想三个既相互区别又相互联系的不同层次组成的统一整体。在理想教育中 ,要坚持远大理想和现阶段理想的统一 ,个人理想和社会共同理想的统一     

金石散胶囊溶解胆石的临床研究

自１９８７年迄今,用金石散（４－６胶囊／次,２－３次／天）治疗胆结石患者１７７例,３月为一疗程,共２－４疗程。治疗前后均经Ｂ超检查以判断疗效。结果显示：１．服药一月,９０％病人的发热、腹胀、疼痛等临床症状消失。２、６２例胆囊结石经服药平均８．１８＋７．１４月后,３例结石完全消失（４．８４％）,３７例结石减少变小,总有效率６４．５２％;而临床类型型相似的另外２３例,用ＵＤＣＡ治疗作为对照组,总有效率     

我国实验动物饲料营养状况的研究--一般营养成分

本研究是针对我国目前实验动物饲料生产的现状进行了一次调查分析,并对其营养状况进行了评估：根据在全国范围内采集大小鼠饲料样品24个、家兔饲料样品9个、犬饲料样品、猕猴饲料样品各2个,对其进行水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维的分析。其结果表明：五项指标均达到国家标准的大小鼠饲料为20.8％,其中北京为25％(1／4),东北地区为0(0／1)、华北地区为0(0,3)、华中地区为0(0／2)、华东地区为33．3％(2／6)、华南地区为20％(1/5)、西南地区为33.3％(1/3);五项指标均达到国家标准的家兔饲料为22．2％、犬和猕猴懦料均未达标。     

恒河猴自体静脉内皮细胞种植ePTFE人工血管后置换髂总动脉的实验研究

:15只恒河猴随机分为 2组 :实验组 10例 ,其人工血管均经自体静脉内皮细胞种植 ;对照组 5例 ,其人工血管均未经任何处理。实验组、对照组手术方法相同。将长 6cm、直径 3mmePTFE(膨体聚四氟乙烯 )人工血管近端与腹主动脉行端 -侧吻合、远端与髂总动脉行端 -端吻合。术后当日、1周及 4周 ,所有恒河猴均行静脉法数字减影造影术 ,术后 4周行彩色B型超声波检查 ,然后取出所有对照组及 9例实验组恒河猴腹腔内之人工血管 ,标本送光镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜检查。结果表明 ,术后 4周 ,对照组人工血管均不通畅 ,而实验组有 8条人工血管通畅良好。B超见全部对照组及 1例实验组人工血管腔内形成血栓 ,实验组 8条通畅之人工血管均保持较高的血流量。扫描电镜见实验组全部人工血管腔内均有一层完整融合的内皮细胞单层 ,而对照组人工血管腔内未见有内皮细胞。     

Chronic supranigral infusion of BDNF in normal and MPTP-treated common marmosets

Summary. BDNF or vehicle were administered by unilateral supranigral infusion in normal and chronically lesioned MPTP-treated common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) for four weeks and locomotor activity, disability and response to apomorphine were assessed with nigral TH, GFAP and GAD immunoreactivity and striatal [³H]mazindol autoradiography. Selective contraversive orientation and ipsilateral neglect evolved in MPTP-treated marmosets receiving BDNF with no significant difference in disability or locomotor activity when compared to the vehicle-infused group. Apomor-phine produced an ipsiversive rotational bias in BDNF-treated animals. In normal animals infused with BDNF contralateral neglect, ipsiversive turning, postural instability and ataxia rapidly evolved. In MPTP-treated marmosets BDNF caused increased ipsilateral striatal [³H]mazindol binding with increased somatic size and staining intensity in GAD-immunoreactive cells and a 10–20% loss of nigral TH-immunoreactive cells with increased GFAP staining. In normal common marmosets, both vehicle and BDNF infusion decreased nigral TH-immunoreactivity. Chronic supranigral infusion of BDNF alters motor behaviour and spatial attention in MPTP-treated marmosets which may reflect altered function in residual nigral dopaminergic neurons and brainstem GABAergic neurons and in normal animals produces behavioural and histological signs of nigrostriatal hypofunction. Received September 1, 1998; accepted December 17, 1998     

颈总动脉形态及血流动力学改变与脑梗死类型的关系

目的研究颈总动脉形态及血流动力学改变与脑梗死类型的关系。方法应用经颅彩色双功能多普勒超声检查法．测定40例脑穿通支动脉梗死、31例脑主干支动脉校死和30例正常对照者的颈总动脉管径及有或无粥样斑块等反映血管形态和收缩峰速、每分钟血流量、阻力指数等血流动力学指标。结果结果表明当颈总动脉出现粥样斑块,而无明显血流动力学改变时,易发生穿通支脑梗死;随着血流动力学,尤其是血流收缩峰速度和阻力指数等指标的异常程度加重,发生脑主干动脉梗死的危险性增大。结论颈总动脉形态及血流动力学改变与患者发生脑梗死类型密切相关。     

胆管结石乳头局部组织中血管活性肠肽和一氧化氮合酶表达的改变及意义

目的 探讨胆管结石患者乳头局部组织中血管活性肠肽(VIP)和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)表达的改变及意义。方法 选择68例进行逆行胰胆管造影和/或乳头括约肌切开术的胆管结石患者,采用内镜下活检乳头局部组织。常规石蜡包埋,连续切片,免疫组化SABC法检测VIP及NOS。对照组为门诊胃镜检查胃粘膜大致正常者。结果 结石组乳头粘膜内 VlP和NOS阳性产物与对照组相比较显著降低(P相似文献   

Electrogustometry: strengths,weaknesses, and clinical evidence of stimulus boundaries

Electrogustometry is well established as a clinical tool for the estimation of taste detection thresholds. Nevertheless, the user is sometimes unaware of the impact of superficially minor procedural and psychophysical factors upon the reliability and comparability of threshold estimates. The inherent strengths and limitations of the procedure are outlined, and aspects of the control and specification of the stimulus that moderate threshold measures are discussed. In addition, threshold estimates from two individuals with severe unilateral taste loss are used to illustrate the level at which anodal dc current may elicit common, rather than taste, sensation. Where chorda tympani section is complete and historical (older than 7–14 days), very high stimulus levels, conservatively over 5 µA/mm² (100 µA linear current with a 5‐mm diameter electrode), are required to activate trigeminal responses.