全文获取类型
收费全文 | 34633篇 |
免费 | 5299篇 |
国内免费 | 823篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 9篇 |
儿科学 | 380篇 |
妇产科学 | 323篇 |
基础医学 | 3706篇 |
口腔科学 | 32篇 |
临床医学 | 2912篇 |
内科学 | 831篇 |
皮肤病学 | 120篇 |
神经病学 | 63篇 |
特种医学 | 1449篇 |
外国民族医学 | 74篇 |
外科学 | 4669篇 |
综合类 | 4542篇 |
现状与发展 | 6篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 1496篇 |
眼科学 | 35篇 |
药学 | 1961篇 |
26篇 | |
中国医学 | 623篇 |
肿瘤学 | 17497篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 95篇 |
2023年 | 532篇 |
2022年 | 1059篇 |
2021年 | 1814篇 |
2020年 | 1680篇 |
2019年 | 1495篇 |
2018年 | 1400篇 |
2017年 | 1451篇 |
2016年 | 1588篇 |
2015年 | 1931篇 |
2014年 | 2326篇 |
2013年 | 2549篇 |
2012年 | 1962篇 |
2011年 | 2089篇 |
2010年 | 1585篇 |
2009年 | 1508篇 |
2008年 | 1534篇 |
2007年 | 1646篇 |
2006年 | 1678篇 |
2005年 | 1516篇 |
2004年 | 1253篇 |
2003年 | 1208篇 |
2002年 | 1012篇 |
2001年 | 899篇 |
2000年 | 709篇 |
1999年 | 620篇 |
1998年 | 494篇 |
1997年 | 473篇 |
1996年 | 387篇 |
1995年 | 326篇 |
1994年 | 239篇 |
1993年 | 215篇 |
1992年 | 182篇 |
1991年 | 176篇 |
1990年 | 127篇 |
1989年 | 114篇 |
1988年 | 111篇 |
1987年 | 100篇 |
1986年 | 95篇 |
1985年 | 117篇 |
1984年 | 88篇 |
1983年 | 60篇 |
1982年 | 76篇 |
1981年 | 81篇 |
1980年 | 40篇 |
1979年 | 39篇 |
1978年 | 28篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 18篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
132.
目的:推荐一种检测恶性肿瘤微灶转移的方法。方法:应用连续切片的免疫组化法回顾研究50例乳腺癌的淋巴结微灶转移情况,将结果与常规病理切片法进行配对资料的卡方检验,并统计微灶转移率。结果:常规病理切片法的转移灶检出率为30%,连续切片的抗细胞角蛋白免疫组化法的转移灶检出率为50%,二者间差异有显著性。连续切片法发现的微灶转移率为28.5%。结论:对于肿瘤的微灶转移的发现,连续切片的的免疫组化法更有优势,它是一种敏感的检测微灶转移的方法。 相似文献
133.
目的 评价应用蓝染料示踪剂识别乳腺癌前哨淋巴结(sentinel lymph node,SLN)的可行性和SLN预测腋窝淋巴结(axillary lymph node,ALN)转移的准确性。方法 应用专利蓝对42例临床腋窝淋巴结阴性的乳腺癌患者进行SLN定位和活检术。结果 37例找到SLN,SLN检出率88.1%,SLN的成功定位与患者的年龄有关。SLN预测ALN状态的准确率为93.8%,假阴性2例。结论 蓝染料示踪法定位乳腺癌SLN是成功率较高的方法,且操作简单,花费少,SLN活检能够准确预测腋窝淋巴结的转移状况,在将来治疗腋淋巴结阴性的乳腺癌中,这一技术可以免除患者接受不必要的腋淋巴结清扫术。 相似文献
134.
Brett W. Cox M.D. Kathleen C. Horst M.D. Sherri Thornton C.M.D. Frederick M. Dirbas M.D. 《Medical Dosimetry》2007,32(4):254-262
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose to normal tissues as a function of increasing margins around the lumpectomy cavity in accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) using 3D-conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT). Eight patients with Stage 0-I breast cancer underwent treatment planning for 3DCRT APBI. The clinical target volume (CTV) was defined as a 15-mm expansion around the cavity limited by the chest wall and skin. Three planning target volumes (PTV1, PTV2, PTV3) were generated for each patient using a 0, 5-, and 10-mm expansion around the CTV, for a total margin of 15, 20, and 25 mm. Three treatment plans were generated for every patient using the 3 PTVs, and dose-volume analysis was performed for each plan. For each 5-mm increase in margin, the mean PTV:total breast volume ratio increased 10% and the relative increase in the mean ipsilateral breast dose was 15%. The mean volume of ipsilateral breast tissue receiving 75%, 50%, and 25% of the prescribed dose increased 6% to 7% for every 5 mm increase in PTV margin. Compared to lesions located in the upper outer quadrant, plans for medially located tumors revealed higher mean ipsilateral breast doses and 20% to 22% more ipsilateral breast tissue encompassed by the 25% IDL. The use of 3DCRT for APBI delivers higher doses to normal breast tissue as the PTV increases around the lumpectomy cavity. Efforts should be made to minimize the overall PTV when this technique is used. Ongoing studies will be necessary to determine the clinical relevance of these findings. 相似文献
135.
G Lunardi M O Vannozzi C Bighin L Del Mastro I Stevani G Schettini M Venturini 《Annals of oncology》2003,14(8):1222-1226
BACKGROUND: Anthracycline cardiotoxicity is increased by the contemporaneous administration of trastuzumab. The mechanism by which it occurs is as yet unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether trastuzumab modifies the pharmacokinetics of epirubicin and its metabolites. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer were treated with epirubicin 75 mg/m(2) i.v. bolus followed by docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) in a 1-h infusion, every 3 weeks for six cycles, and trastuzumab (once at 4 mg/m(2), then 2 mg/m(2) weekly thereafter) in a 30-min infusion. Epirubicin pharmacokinetic data of seven patients were evaluated at the first cycle of therapy (baseline, with trastuzumab administered 24 h after epirubicin), and at the sixth cycle (i.e. 15 weeks after baseline, with trastuzumab administered immediately before epirubicin). RESULTS: No pharmacokinetic change in the parent compound epirubicin was detected. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-24 h)) was 1230 +/- 318 [mean +/- standard deviation (SD)] at the first cycle and 1287 +/- 385 h. micro g/l at the sixth. The mean (+/-SD) maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and the terminal elimination half-life at the first cycle (1303 +/- 490 micro g/l and 12.5 +/- 3.1 h, respectively) were similar to those obtained at the sixth cycle (1229 +/- 580 micro g/l and 11.5 +/- 2.9 h, respectively). Pharmacokinetic data of epirubicin metabolites evaluated at the first and sixth cycle of chemotherapy were superimposable without any statistical difference. CONCLUSION: Enhanced anthracycline cardiotoxicity related to trastuzumab administration was not linked to pharmacokinetic interferences with epirubicin and its metabolites. 相似文献
136.
E McKiernan K O'Brien N Grebenchtchikov A Geurts-Moespot A M Sieuwerts J W M Martens V Magdolen D Evoy E McDermott J Crown F C G J Sweep M J Duffy 《British journal of cancer》2008,99(10):1644-1650
The protein kinase C (PKC) family of genes encode serine/threonine kinases that regulate proliferation, apoptosis, cell survival and migration. Multiple isoforms of PKC have been described, one of which is PKCδ. Currently, it is unclear whether PKCδ is involved in promoting or inhibiting cancer formation/progression. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the expression of PKCδ in human breast cancer and relate its levels to multiple parameters of tumour progression. Protein kinase Cδ expression at the mRNA level was measured using real-time PCR (n=208) and at protein level by both immunoblotting (n=94) and ELISA (n=98). Following immunoblotting, two proteins were identified, migrating with molecular masses of 78 and 160 kDa. The 78 kDa protein is likely to be the mature form of PKCδ but the identity of the 160 kDa form is unknown. Levels of both these proteins correlated weakly but significantly with PKCδ concentrations determined by ELISA (for the 78 kDa form, r=0.444, P<0.005, n=91 and for the 160 kDa form, r=0.237, P=0.023, n=91) and with PKCδ mRNA levels (for the 78 kDa form, r=0.351, P=0.001, n=94 and for the 160 kDa form, r=0.216, P=0.037, n=94). Protein kinase Cδ mRNA expression was significantly higher in oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive compared with ER-negative tumours (P=0.007, Mann–Whitney U-test). Increasing concentrations of PKCδ mRNA were associated with reduced overall patient survival (P=0.004). Our results are consistent with a role for PKCδ in breast cancer progression. 相似文献
137.
Hy De Lee Euy Young Soh Hoon Sang Chi Byong Ro Kim Kyong Sik Lee Kyung Soon Song Hyun Joo Jung 《Surgery today》1990,20(2):180-185
The relationship between primary tumor proliferative activity and clinical and pathologic characteristics was analyzed in
relation to menopausal status in 32 patients with malignant or benign breast disease. The thymidine labeling index (TLI) showed
significantly higher median values in the cancer patients (3.48 per cent) than in the patients with benign diseases (1.02
per cent). TLI was not significantly affected by delayed incubation at room temperature for about 1 hour. In the breast cancer
patients, TLI did not significantly correlate to tumor size, the presence of axillary lymph node metastasis or pathologic
nuclear grading. The only significant difference was limited to the breast cancer patients without axillary lymph node metastasis
in relation to menopausal status; the TLI in the premenopausal patients (5.10 per cent) was significantly higher (p<0.05)
than that in the postmenopausal patients (2.28 per cent). These data thus suggest that among premenopausal patients without
axillary lymph node metastasis, those with a high TLI could be potential candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy. 相似文献
138.
Arlene S. King William J. Threlfall Pierre R. Band Richard P. Gallagher 《American journal of industrial medicine》1994,26(1):125-132
The mortality profile of female nurses and teachers in British Columbia (BC) was examined using age-standardized proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) calculated for the period 1950–1984. Lowered overall mortality among nurses was seen for degenerative heart disease and for cerebrovascular accidents. Significantly elevated PMR values were observed for cancer of the breast and ovary in nurses of age 20–65 years. PMRs were significantly elevated for cancer of the pancreas and leukemia among those age 20 years and older. Elevated values were also observed for motor vehicle accidents and suicide among nurses in both age groups. Lower than expected mortality from degenerative heart disease and cerebrovascular accidents was seen in working age teachers (age 20–65 years). However, elevated PMRs were detected for carcinoma of the colon, breast, endometrium, brain, and melanoma. Among those 20 years and over, significantly elevated PMRs were also observed for cancers of the ovary and other digestive organs. Elevated PMRs were found for motor vehicle and aircraft accidents. Mortality from cirrhosis of the liver was lower than anticipated in both teachers and nurses. A number of significant PMRs declined when deaths of “homemakers” were withdrawn from the comparison group used to generate PMR values, suggesting that risk of death from various causes among women working outside the home differ from those seen in women who are predominantly in the home. 相似文献
139.
140.
A 27-year-old woman developed chickenpox postpartum. Her 2-month-old son who was breast fed also acquired chickenpox 16 days after the onset of the mother's illness. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA was detected in maternal breast milk by the polymerase chain reaction. These results suggest that transmission of VZV may occur via maternal breast milk. 相似文献