Differential effects of sulindac on renal hemodynamics and function in the rat

Renal hemodynamics were studied using an electromagnetic perivascular flow sensor in anesthetized rats injected i.v. with vehicle, 5 or 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) sulindac. No hemodynamic changes occurred with vehicle (n=6), but mean arterial pressure was significantly decreased (by 15 mmHg) with sulindac (n=12). In the 5 mg/kg b.w. sulindac group (n=7), renal blood flow progressively and significantly increased from 7.88±0.36 to 8.98±0.58 ml/min, except during concomitant intrarenal infusion of 3 mg/kg b.w. per h proadifen (n=7). The pressure limits for efficient and no renal blood flow autoregulation remained unchanged (approx. 100 and 80 mmHg, respectively). In the 10 mg/kg b.w. sulindac group (n=5), renal blood flow did not change but autoregulatory pressure limits were lowered by 10 mmHg 2 h after treatment (P<0.025). Also, Na⁺ retention was marked. Prostanoid excretion in urine was significantly reduced with either dose but basal plasma renin activity was not (about 8 ng/ml per h; n=15). When plasma renin activity was enhanced after a reduction in renal perfusion pressure (n=21), it was decreased from 11.5±1.2 to 7.4±0.2 ng/ml per h only by 10 mg/kg b.w. sulindac (P<0.05; n=6). In conclusion, differential effects of sulindac on renal hemodynamics, Na⁺ excretion and plasma renin activity were demonstrated. Renal hemodynamic changes could be related in part to the cytochrome P-450 arachidonic acid pathway.     

脐血LAK细胞生物学特性影响因素的研究

采集２３名产妇的脐带血和８名正常成人的外周血制备ＬＡＫ细胞，随机分为４组，在培养第３，５，７，１４天，分别利用ＭＴＴ法和＾１２５Ｉ－ＵｄＲ释放法对４组ＬＡＫ细胞的增殖力和杀伤活性进行了测定，同时用细胞毒方法测定培养７天的ＬＡＫ细胞的免疫表型。结果发现，在不同培养时间，脐血来源的ＬＡＫ细胞增殖力显著高于成人血ＬＡＫ细胞（Ｐ〈０．０５或Ｐ〈０．０１），成人血清组，脐血血清组，红细胞组ＬＡＫ细胞增殖力有     

Effect of hepatitis C antibody screening in blood donors on post-transfusion hepatitis in Taiwan

A national screening programme for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in blood donors in Taiwan began in July 1992 using a second-generation immunoassay. To study the impact of this screening on post-transfusion hepatitis in Taiwan, a prospective study on post-transfusion hepatitis, that was started in 1987, was continued. As of June 1994, 245 patients who received a blood transfusion after July 1992 had completed a follow-up period for more than 6 months post-transfusion. Of them, seven (2.8%) recipients developed acute post-transfusion hepatitis. The hepatitis in six cases could not be attributed to infection by hepatitis A, B, C, D, E viruses or cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The remaining patient seroconverted to both IgG and IgM anti-CMV. All seven patients recovered in 6 months without development of chronicity, and the mean peak alanine aminotransferase level was lower compared with that of the cases before anti-HCV screening (i.e. pre-July 1992). These results indicate that the current anti-HCV screening has effectively interrupted HCV transmission through blood transfusion in Taiwan.     

血管夹对大鼠股动静脉损伤的实验研究

用１００、４５、１５ｇ力的血管夹，夹闭大白鼠股动静脉２０、６０和１２０ｍｉｎ，２４ｈ后观察其通畅情况，并经扫描电镜和光学显微镜观察股动静脉内皮细胞的损伤程度和血管内血栓形成。结果显示：前两种压力的血管夹在对股动脉只产生轻微损伤的情况下，对伴行股静脉可造成内皮细胞脱落，微小血栓形成等病理损伤。随夹闭血管时间的延长，内皮细胞损伤加重，血小板沉积和微血栓增多。血管夹对静脉的损伤和对其通畅率的影响尤应引起注意。     

脐血CD34^＋细胞免疫表型的分析

应用免疫磁珠法分离脐血ＣＤ３４＾＋细胞，以比较ＣＤ３４＾＋细胞亚群及各系相关抗原的变化。经过分离，ＣＤ３４＾＋细胞由１．４７±０．７７％升至５７．３９±１６．１７％，分离后ＣＤ３４＾＋ＣＤ３８＾－细胞占ＣＤ３４＾＋细胞的比率为７．８２±４．７９％ＣＤ３４＾＋。细胞纯化同时可减少ＣＤ３＾＋细胞达１４．１２±９．１８倍，ＣＤ１５＾＋细胞减少１６．４２±２１．４７倍；Ｂ系（ＣＤ１９）、巨核系（ＣＤ４１）     

猪血中脱色球蛋白的制备及其功能性研究

比较了几种拆分剂分离猪血红细胞中血红蛋白的效果，其中羧甲基淀粉（ＣＭＳ）得到最佳效果。脱色球蛋白的功能性实验证实其有良好的起泡和乳化性能，氨基酸分析显示其赖氨酸和组氨酸的含量较高，适合作为婴儿的营养强化剂。     

Effect of epidural anesthesia on colorectal anastomosis

PURPOSE: Epidural anesthesia is believed to benefit colorectal anastomotic blood flow because of the sympathetic blockade it produces. Our purpose is to measure with tonometry the effect of epidural anesthesia on colorectal anastomotic oxygenation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients operated on for rectal cancer (radical anterior resection) were monitored postoperatively using tonometers placed in the stomach (celiac trunk), transverse colon (superior mesenteric artery), and the anastomotic area during the operation. An epidural catheter was placed at L1-2, and on the first postoperative day, 8 ml of bupivacaine (0.25 percent) was administered. The anesthetic effect extended up to T-4. Intramucosal pH (pHi) at the three locations was measured before, during, and after the epidural blockade. RESULTS: Gastric and transverse colon pHi increased during the epidural blockade from 7.35±0.01 to 7.41±0.01 and from 7.34±0.02 to 7.40±0.02, respectively. The anastomotic pHi decreased from 7.3±0.02 to 7.24±0.03 under the epidural and increased up to 7.34±0.02 after withdrawal of the effect on the following day. All pHi variations were statistically significant (P<0.05, paired Student'st-test and Wilcoxon's test), because it was the comparison between gastric and transverse colon pHi with the anastomotic pHi during the epidural (P<0.05, one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests). None of the patients developed anastomotic or other complications. CONCLUSIONS: Epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine causes a significant decrease in the oxygenation-perfusion state of colorectal anastomosis in comparison with the increase in other areas of the digestive tract. Further studies need to be done to see if other epidural anesthetic-analgesic protocols also worsen colorectal anastomotic blood flow.Supported in part by a grant from the Spanish Society of Digestive Diseases, Madrid, Spain. All tonometric catheters and drugs were donated by the Clinic University Hospital of Valencia, Spain.Read at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, Seattle, Washington, June 9 to 14, 1996.     

Antisperm antibodies and lymphocyte subsets in semen—not a simple relationship

The significance of white blood cells in the ejaculate remains a matter of controversy. Several authors have suggested that such cells are important in the modulation of an antisperm antibody response, i.e. a predominance of suppressor/cytotoxic to helper/inducer T cells may prevent the development of antisperm antibodies. In order to examine this relationship further we have documented the white blood cell types, with emphasis on the T-lymphocyte populations, in the ejaculates of men from infertile couples with and without antisperm antibodies; the latter group was divided further into two groups--vasovasostomized men and idiopathic men. All seven of the men without antisperm antibodies had a predominance of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells to helper/inducer T cells in the ejaculate. However, only in some of the men with antibodies was there a predominance of T-helper/inducer cells. It is clear that the relationship between antisperm antibodies and seminal leucocytes is therefore not as straightforward as has been proposed.     

A study of blood supply of liver tumors using duplex Doppler ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging

Summary With the use of duplex Doppler ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI), the characteristics of blood supply in neoplasma were studied in 51 cases of 60 liver tumors, and compared with the results of surgery, pathological examination and hepatic anerial angiography. The result showed that: 1. Doppler blood flow signals could be detected in all hepatic carcinomas, and in 10 cases of 18 hemangiomas, significant difference was observed (P<0.001); 2. Doppler blood flow spectra showed pulsatile pattern in 41 of 42 hepatic carcinomas, and in 6 of 10 hemangiomas (P<0.01); and 3. the peak flow velocity was obviously lower in hemangioma group than in hepatic carcinoma group (20.34±23.93 vs 64.74±30.18 cm,P<0.001). The characteristics of CDFI show that hemangiomas and hepatocellular carcinomas are different. It can, therefore, be concluded that the blood supply of hepatic carcinomas mainly comes from hepatic arterial system, and is of value in duplex Doppler ultrasound and CDFI.