Biomaterial-based platforms for cancer stem cell enrichment and study

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a relatively rare subpopulation of tumor cell with self-renewal and tumorigenesis capabilities. CSCs are associated with cancer recurrence, progression, and chemoradiotherapy resistance. Establishing a reliable platform for CSC enrichment and study is a prerequisite for understanding the characteristics of CSCs and discovering CSC-related therapeutic strategies. Certain strategies for CSC enrichment have been used in laboratory, particularly fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and mammosphere culture. However, these methods fail to recapitulate the in vivo chemical and physical conditions in tumors, thus potentially decreasing the malignancy of CSCs in culture and yielding unreliable research results. Accumulating research suggests the promise of a biomaterial-based three-dimensional (3D) strategy for CSC enrichment and study. This strategy has an advantage over conventional methods in simulating the tumor microenvironment, thus providing a more effective and predictive model for CSC laboratory research. In this review, we first briefly discuss the conventional methods for CSC enrichment and study. We then summarize the latest advances and challenges in biomaterial-based 3D CSC platforms. Design strategies for materials, morphology, and chemical and physical cues are highlighted to provide direction for the future construction of platforms for CSC enrichment and study.     

Working with communities, governments and academic institutions to make pregnancy safer

The major medical causes of maternal death and the effective interventions to prevent maternal death due to these causes are known. Yet, every year, an estimated 529,000 women die during and following pregnancy and childbirth. Most of these deaths occur in developing countries where other non-medical determinants of maternal health influence the accessibility to these interventions. Improvements in maternal health can be achieved through a health systems approach. Care should be provided as a continuum throughout the life cycle and across health facilities through the health system. Communities, professional organizations and academic institutions should work actively with the government to: provide a package of service, based on population health needs, that is close to home; ensure availability of essential medicines and commodities; address financial barriers to receiving care; strengthen the health workforce; and gather and use information to improve maternal health.     

四国大学管理结构及其运行机制的比较与借鉴

大学存在着学术与行政两种权力 ,这两种权力体现于大学的各级管理结构之中。德、英、美、日四国大学管理结构及其运行机制有五个共同的基本特征 :学术权力与行政权力并存 ;个人负责制与会议制相结合 ;权力分化 ;系是大学内部管理的重心 ;注重教授在大学管理中的作用。这些基本特征为我国进一步深化高校管理体制改革提供了有益的借鉴。     

2008年北京奥运会对人群健康影响的定性研究

目的通过定性访谈了解奥运会对居民和社区层面上的影响,验证本课题所提出的指标的合理性。方法对51名访谈对象开展了专题组访谈和个人深入访谈,并用主题框架法进行分析。结果访谈的结果可以被归纳形成为包括环境、健康理念、生活方式、健康状况四个总主题和相应分主题的主题框架,这一主题框架与本研究前期建立的指标体系结构基本一致。结论研究结果在一定程度上验证了本研究所建立的二级指标和部分三级指标的合理性与代表性。     

胆汁反流性胃炎的病因病机探讨

胆汁反流性胃炎是开展纤维胃镜以来发现的疾病,深入研究其病因病机,对指导中医临床治疗用药,提高疗效具有重要意义。通过对胆汁反流性胃炎的病因病机进行中医理论的探讨,认为脾虚为致病之本,肝郁是致病之标,肝脾不和是病机的关键。     

天津市东丽医院引进学科带头人的实践与探索

本文介绍了天津市东丽医院引进学科带头人所取得的成效,并通过分析在学科带头人引进工作中存在的问题,结合医院实际,提出改进二级医院学科带头人引进工作的建议,促进医院的持续、快速、有序发展。     

基于学术论文产出的国家公派研究生培养质量分析

本文基于本校开展公派研究生项目的工作实践,将公派研究生和同级同导师未留学研究生进行对照,采用文献计量学方法,对研究生论文产出、分布特点和影响力进行统计,对比分析论文发表数量、被引频次、影响因子、合作状况、高水平期刊论文比例等客观数据,以期从一个侧面反映国家公派研究生项目对提高研究生培养质量所发挥的作用,为开展公派研究生项目的其他院校提供参考。     

Pediatrics: Benefits of Hospitalizing Mother with Child

The use of hospitalists—physicians who limit their practice largely or exclusively to hospital inpatient care—has been a growing trend in the United States. The authors examine some pressures affecting an academic medical center and present the results of a hospitalist pilot project there. Based on the criteria of reduced patient length of hospital stay, hospital financial savings, physician satisfaction, and payer interest, the pilot hospitalist program was successful within 6 months.     

《寿亲养老新书》养生学术思想述评

《寿亲养老新书》是我国现存早期的老年病学、养生学著作,对后世医家、养生学家影响很大。书中针对老年人的情志、生理、病理特点,提出了诸如重视饮食调治,注重医药扶持,注重摄养之道,特别提到精神摄养、四时摄养、起居摄养及导引、吐纳、运动等摄养之法,内容详尽,对今人不无借鉴之处。     

曹式丽教授中医药防治慢性肾功能衰竭消化系统症状经验初探

消化系统症状作为慢性肾功能衰竭重要表现,发病率高,临床治疗复杂。寻找有效防治方案已成为当前中医肾病学领域的现实问题。全国名老中医药专家曹式丽教授对慢性肾功能衰竭消化系统症状的中医药防治具有丰富经验,疗效确切。文章就相关特色学术观点予以初步总结,为曹式丽教授中医肾病学术思想的完整阐释提供前期工作基础。