脑卒中后命名性失语病灶部位分布及失语恢复情况

 目的 观察脑卒中后命名性失语病灶部位分布及失语恢复情况。方法 收集2011-01至2012-07在垂杨柳医院神经内科住院存在失语症的脑卒中患者93例,9例为命名性失语,对其中6例发病后1、2、4、6个月的失语恢复情况进行随访观察,采用西部失语症成套检查(Western Aphasia Battery, WAB)进行语言评价,计算出失语商(aphasia quotient, AQ),根据AQ值的变化,判断失语恢复的程度。结果 命名性失语患者病灶的部位不仅位于左侧颞枕交界区、左侧颞叶,而且还可发生于左侧基底节区、放射冠。命名性失语失语程度较轻,患者在前2个月内恢复显著,第4个月时AQ值为94.42±2.30,已完全恢复。结论 命名性失语发生的部位存在多样性,命名性失语程度较轻,恢复较好。     

A simple method for localising single-photon emission computed tomographic images on an anatomical template

We introduce a simple method for localising brain images an anatomical templates. Our method does not need expensive software or hardware and may be useful for clinical investigation.     

儿童瑞文标准推理测验与韦氏智力测验比较研究

目的探讨瑞文标准推理测验与韦氏智力测验结果之间的差异。方法对72例在我研究所心理评估中心测试智力的儿童进行上述两项测试,并比较二者之间的差异。结果瑞文智商与韦氏智商平均值分别为91. 51±13. 94、79. 89±15. 36,前者显著高于后者,而且二者差值之中位数为13. 50。瑞文智商与韦氏智商在不同性别、年龄组间无显著性差异。相同性别、年龄组研究对象的瑞文智商与韦氏智商均有显著性差异。相关分析发现,瑞文智商与韦氏总智商、韦氏言语智商、韦氏操作智商相关系数均有显著性意义,但是相关系数分别为0. 51、0. 42、0. 48,均较低。瑞文测验的A、B、C、D、E各单元得分中,B、C、E与韦氏操作智商具有显著相关性,而仅有C单元分与韦氏言语智商有相关性,说明瑞文测验与韦氏测验的区别可能在于言语智商测定上。结论瑞文标准推理测验测验智商与韦氏智力测验智商有较大差异,故在临床上使用时应慎重。     

云南兰坪小儿神经型克汀亚克汀病的临床调查——附55例临床分析

本文对云南兰坪县金顶镇菁门办事处55例小儿神经型克汀及亚克汀患儿进行了综合临床调查。全部患儿进行了详细体格检查、甲状腺功能检测、甲状腺摄碘率测定、听力和前庭功能测定以及神经系统检查和智商求取。分析表明克汀病、亚克汀病患儿的生长发育(生理指标)明显低于对照组;克汀、亚克汀病患儿均无明显甲状腺肿大,甲状腺功能、摄碘率及尿碘基本在正常范同,显示神经型克汀,亚克汀病并无现症甲减,而丰要表现为智力低下和牛长发育迟缓;克汀病患儿不仅普遍(88.46％)存在有锥体系受损,而且不少患儿(53.83％)同时存在锥体外系受损;亚克汀病患儿是当地小学教学质量难以提高的主要原因。     

差商最速下降法及其收敛性

证明了精确线搜索下的差商最速下降法的整体收敛性,提出了非精确线搜索下的有关算法并证明了收敛性。     

大专护生逆境商与未来时间洞察力及成就动机的关系研究

目的了解在校大专护生逆境商、未来时间洞察力与成就动机现状,并探讨其相互关系。方法采用逆境商量表、大学生未来时间洞察力问卷及成就动机量表对285名在校大专护生进行调查。结果大专护生追求成功的动机(40.08±7.18)略高于避免失败的动机(38.69±8.00),成就动机总分为(1.39±13.19)分;逆境商总分及其4个因子(控制、归因、延伸、忍耐),未来时间洞察力总分及其4个因子与成就动机总分呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05);控制、忍耐、行为承诺、远目标定向及目的意识5个因子是成就动机的重要预测变量,能够联合解释56.4%的成就动机变异量。结论大专护生逆境商及未来时间洞察力可影响其成就动机,故应加强大专护生逆境商及未来时间洞察力的培养,以提高其成就动机。     

低频重复经颅磁刺激联合镜像神经元训练系统对卒中后慢性完全性失语的效果研究

目的 观察低频重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)联合镜像神经元训练系统(mirror neuron training system,MNTS)对卒中后慢性完全性失语患者的临床效果.方法 前瞻性连续纳入2018年1月-2020年1月于南京医...     

累及Broca区低级别胶质瘤的BOLD—fMRI及语言功能区的可塑性研究（附15例分析）

目的探讨Bold—fMRI在功能区低级别胶质瘤中的应用及语言功能区的可塑性。方法对15例低级别胶质瘤及14例正常人行fMRI检查并作体素分析。病人在功能影像、术中电刺激指导下进行手术,结合语盲测评、影像评估及Karnofsky功能状态评分（KPS）等进行随访。结果病人较正常人半球激活指数（HAI）低,提示语言功能区重塑。肿瘤全切除11例,近全切除4例。术后短期内有不同程度失语7例,术后3个月均得以恢复。术后KPS评分较术前提高。结论Broca区低级别胶质瘤病人术前、术后语言功能区具有可塑性;应用术前功能影像及术中电刺激指导手术治疗,可提高肿瘤的切除程度,同时亦可保护语言功能。     

中药塌渍配合蜡疗治疗小儿痉挛型脑瘫30例临床观察

目的 观察中药塌渍配合蜡疗治疗小儿痉挛型脑瘫的临床疗效.方法 选取2019年1月至2020年1月在广州中医药大学附属南海妇产儿童医院儿童康复科就诊的痉挛型脑瘫患儿60例,采用随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,各30例.对照组采用康复、推拿、针刺等综合治疗方法,治疗组在对照组治疗方法的基础上联合中药塌渍和蜡疗疗法.2组均治...     

Why reference to the past is difficult for agrammatic speakers

Many studies have shown that verb inflections are difficult to produce for agrammatic aphasic speakers: they are frequently omitted and substituted. The present article gives an overview of our search to understanding why this is the case. The hypothesis is that grammatical morphology referring to the past is selectively impaired in agrammatic aphasia. That is, verb inflections for past tense and perfect aspect are hard to produce. Furthermore, verb clusters that refer to the past will be affected as well, even if the auxiliary is in present tense, as in he has been writing a letter. It will be argued that all these verb forms referring to the past require discourse linking [Zagona, K. (2003). Tense and anaphora: Is there a tense-specific theory of coreference. In A. Barrs (Ed.), Anaphora: A reference guide (pp. 140–171). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing] and discourse linking is affected in agrammatic aphasia [Avrutin, S. (2006). Weak syntax. In K. Amunts, & Y. Grodzinsky (Eds.), Broca's region (pp. 49–62). New York: Oxford Press]. This hypothesis has been coined the PAst DIscourse LInking Hypothesis (PADILIH) [Bastiaanse, R., Bamyaci, E., Hsu, C.-J., Lee, J., Yarbay Duman, T., & Thompson, C.K. (2011). Time reference in agrammatic aphasia: A cross-linguistic study. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 24, 652–673]. The PADILIH has been tested in several languages and populations that have hardly been studied before in aphasiology: languages such as Turkish, Swahili and Indonesian were included, as well as monolingual and bilingual populations. In all these populations, the same test has been used: the Test for Assessing Reference of Time [Bastiaanse, R., Jonkers, R., & Thompson, C.K. (2008). Test for assessing reference of time (TART). Groningen: University of Groningen] to enable reliable comparisons between the languages. The results show that the PADILIH predicts the performance of agrammatic speakers very well: discourse-linked grammatical morphemes expressing time reference to the past are hard to produce for agrammatic speakers, whereas non-discourse-linked verb inflections (for present and future) are relatively spared. In languages that use aspectual adverbs (free-standing and optional time reference markers), such as Chinese and Indonesian, time reference to all time frames is impaired, since all aspectual adverbs, regardless of the time frame they refer to, require discourse linking. Remarkably, the problems are not restricted to grammatical morphemes: the production of temporal lexical adverbs is impaired as well.