Assessment of human health risk for heavy metals in fish and shrimp collected from Subarnarekha river,India

Five fish species and one shrimp species from the Subarnarekha river were analyzed for heavy metals using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The geometric mean concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cr, Co, and Sr for all the samples was found to be 0.248, 0.031, 5.16, 104.9, 0.121, 4.68, 52.2, 0.784, 0.207, and 42.86 mg kg^?1_fresh, respectively. The concentrations of metals in the fish and shrimp exceed the limits of Indian and FAO standards for food for As, Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn in many samples. The mean target hazard quotient (THQ) values for the 10 metals were below one for all the samples; however, the maximum THQ was more than one for shrimp in case of As, Cu, and Cr. The results indicate that the concentration of metals in some species, especially shrimp, at some locations is alarming and do present an appreciable hazard risk on human health.     

Neuroimaging in dementia

Over the last few years, advances in neuroimaging have generated biomarkers, which increase diagnostic certainty, provide valuable information about prognosis, and suggest a particular pathology underlying the clinical dementia syndrome. We aim to review the evidence for use of already established imaging modalities, along with selected techniques that have a great potential to guide clinical decisions in the future. We discuss structural, functional and molecular imaging, focusing on the most common dementias: Alzheimer's disease, fronto-temporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies and vascular dementia. Finally, we stress the importance of conducting research using representative cohorts and in a naturalistic set up, in order to build a strong evidence base for translating imaging methods for a National Health Service. If we assess a broad range of patients referred to memory clinic with a variety of imaging modalities, we will make a step towards accumulating robust evidence and ultimately closing the gap between the dramatic advances in neurosciences and meaningful clinical applications for the maximum benefit of our patients.     

Comparison of dental implant stabilities by impact response and resonance frequencies using artificial bone

PurposeWe compared implant stability as determined by the peak frequency from the impact response with the implant stability quotient (ISQ) by resonance frequency analysis (RFA) in various artificial bone conditions. The clinical bone conditions were simulated using an artificial bone material with different cortical thicknesses and trabecular densities.Materials and methodsThe artificial bone material was solid, rigid polyurethane. The polyurethane foam of 0.8 g/cm³ density was used for the cortical bone layer, and that of 0.08, 0.16, 0.24, 0.32, and 0.48 g/cm³ densities for the trabecular bone layer. The cortical bone material of 4 different thicknesses (1.4, 1.6, 1.8, and 2.0 mm) was attached to the trabecular bone with varying density. Two types of dental implants (10 and 13 mm lengths of 4.0 mm diameter) were placed into the artificial bone blocks. An inductive sensor was used to measure the vibration caused by tapping the adapter–implant assembly. The peak frequency of the power spectrum of the impact response was used as the criterion for implant stability. The ISQ value was also measured for the same conditions.ResultsThe stability, as measured by peak frequency (SPF) and ISQ value, increased as the trabecular density and the cortical density increased in linear regression analysis. The SPF and ISQ values were highly correlated with each other when the trabecular bone density and cortical bone thickness changed (Pearson correlation = 0.90, p < 0.01). The linear regression of the SPF with the cortical bone thickness showed higher goodness of fit (R² measure) than the ISQ value with the cortical bone thickness. The SPF could differentiate implantation conditions as many as the ISQ value when the trabecular bone density and the cortical density changed. However, the ISQ value was not consistent with the general stability tendency in some conditions.ConclusionThe SPF showed better consistency and differentiability with implant stability than the ISQ value by resonance frequency analysis in the various implantation conditions.     

旋律音调疗法治疗脑卒中后非流畅性失语的效果

目的 观察旋律音调疗法对脑卒中后非流畅性失语的临床康复疗效以及脑功能改变。方法 2017年3月至2019年8月,选取本院脑卒中后非流畅性失语患者40例,随机分为对照组和音乐组各20例,两组均接受言语治疗,音乐组在此基础上接受以旋律音调疗法为主的音乐治疗。治疗前和治疗4周后,采用中国康复研究中心汉语标准失语症检查表(CRRCAE)评定其听理解、复述、阅读、命名。两组各选3例患者,治疗前后行静息态fMRI,比较大脑半球局部一致性(ReHo)。结果 治疗后,对照组听理解(名词、动词、句子)、复述(名词、动词)、阅读(名词)和命名(动作说明)评分提高(t > 2.221, P < 0.05),音乐组听理解(名词、动词、句子)、复述(名词、动词、句子)、阅读(名词、动词)和命名(名词、动作说明)评分提高( t > 2.179, P < 0.05)。治疗前后差值比较,音乐组复述(名词、动词)评分增加更多( t > 2.299, P < 0.05),阅读(句子)评分有增加的趋势。治疗后,患者静息状态下左侧小脑、颞枕区的ReHo增强,双侧额叶、颞叶皮质ReHo降低。 结论 在言语训练基础上,联合旋律音调疗法可进一步改善脑卒中后非流畅性失语患者的言语功能,特别在句子阅读和单词复述方面。ReHo改变可能与脑损伤后神经修复有关。     

抑制性rTMS刺激联合镜像神经元训练系统对脑卒中后完全性失语的作用研究

目的：探讨抑制性重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合镜像神经元训练系统(MNS)对脑卒中后完全性失语的临床疗效及其作用机制。方法：50例脑卒中后完全性失语患者按随机数字表法随机分为对照组16例、MNS组16例和联合组18例。对照组仅给予常规的言语康复训练,MNS组在对照组的基础上给予镜像神经元系统训练,联合组在MNS组的基础上给予右侧Broca同源区1Hz的rTMS刺激,于治疗前和治疗3周后评定3组患者西方失语成套测验(WAB)以及波士顿失语症程度分级（BDAE）评分。结果：治疗3周后,3组WAB各项评分和BDAE评分均较治疗前明显提高（P<0.05）;且联合组WAB各项评分及BDAE评分显著高于MNS组和对照组（P<0.05）,MNS组WAB评分中自发语评分及AQ评分亦高于对照组（P<0.05）,BDAE评分MNS组和对照组治疗后比较差异无统计学意义。结论：抑制性rTMS刺激右侧Broca同源区联合MNS训练系统对改善脑卒中后完全性失语患者的语言功能有一定作用。     

当代失语症语篇学研究思潮刍议

本文简要介绍了失语症语篇学研究的内容、研究视角和重要发现,分析了其特点、存在的问题,以及研究方法的潮流走向。结构主义注重话语微观层面,功能主义关注总体的结构和意义,话语的宏观和微观层面的对接将成为研究的新趋势。     

种植初期稳定性的意义及其参数标准

通过文献复习,梳理明确种植初期稳定性的性质、意义、测试、参数以及影响因素.种植初期稳定性即种植体-骨界面的锚固力,是一种纯粹的机械现象,其意义在于维持种植体静立不动状态,使新骨不受干扰地生长附着在种植体表面,避免纤维组织生长,最终达到骨整合.临床比较常见的初期稳定性测试方法有植入扭力(insertion torque,...     

情景式运动训练对运动发育迟缓患儿运动功能的影响分析

目的 研究情景式运动训练对运动发育迟缓患儿的干预效果,分析其对运动功能的影响,为临床应用提供科学依据.方法 将医院康复科2018年2月一2019年1月期间收治的95例运动发育迟缓患儿随机分为实验组(n=48)和对照组(n=47);对照组给予低频脉冲电刺激、运动疗法等早期综合干预,实验组在对照组基础上进行情景式运动训练....     

脑皮质梗死慢性期非流利性失语症灰质体积的改变

目的 探讨脑皮质梗死慢性期非流利性失语症患者灰质体积的改变及其与语言功能的关系。