Quality validation of platelets obtained from the Haemonetics and Trima Accel automated blood-collection systems

BackgroundPlatelet transfusion is required to treat haemo-oncology or trauma patients. Platelet apheresis (PA) performed with apheresis equipment has increased rapidly in recent years. Leucocyte-reduced platelet apheresis (LRPA) can reduce the risk of platelet refractoriness and febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) for transfusion. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate and compare the platelet metabolic and functional responses between PA performed with Haemonetics and LRPA performed with Trima Accel cell separator.MethodsThe qualities of platelets collected through PA and LRPA were evaluated in terms of visual appearance, morphology, platelet-aggregation changes, metabolic activities, and bacterium-screening test during 5-day storage. Statistical analyses included two-sample t-test and generalised estimating equation(GEE) method.ResultsDuring 5-day storage in LRPA, residual leucocytes were all <1.0×10⁶, and the parameters of platelet function were as follows: platelet aggregated to agonists such as adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP) and collagen, and the extent of shape change and pO₂ showed no statistically significant difference between PA and LRPA. The hypotonic shock reaction (HSR) on days 0, 1, and 3 were significantly higher in LRPA than in PA (71.78±6.92 vs. 64.10±7.42; P=0.002; 71.53±8.98 vs. 62.96±9.84; P=0.007; 68.05±7.28 vs. 57.76±6.80; P<0.0001, respectively). Values of mean platelet volume (MPV) were statistically larger in PA than in LRPA on days 0, 1, and 3. On day 5, the swirling score was higher in LRPA than in PA. The mean lactate levels had no statistically significant difference between PA and LRPA. Moreover, no growth was observed through bacterium-screening test conducted on 40 samples.ConclusionComparison of LRPA and PA products collected from the Trima Accel and Haemonetics automated blood-collection systems, respectively, revealed that both products possessed good platelet qualities even though additional processes are needed to reduce leucocytes. Furthermore, investigating the outcomes of other apheresis instruments with focus on the safety of donors, products, and recipients is necessary.     

Magnesium depletion in patients on long-term chlorthalidone therapy for essential hypertension

Summary Sixty patients were treated for 1 year for essential uncomplicated hypertension, 30 with beta-blockers alone (BB) and 30 with BB and chlorthalidone (CTD). BB did not affect serum K⁺ or Mg⁺⁺. In the BB-group there was a statistically significant trend towards retention of Mg⁺⁺ in a loading test, but the effect was clinically marginal. BB + CTD reduced serum K⁺ and Mg⁺⁺ and caused significant Mg⁺⁺ depletion, as shown by the Mg⁺⁺ loading test. All the effects were highly significant and were clinically important. The metabolic perturbations due to CTD are potentially dangerous and make this drug unattractive as first choice treatment for hypertension.     

Acute systemic and renal haemodynamic effects and long-term antihypertensive action of cadralazine in patients pretreated with β-blockers and diuretics

Summary The antihypertensive effects of the hydralazine-related compound cadralazine (2-{3-[6-(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylamino]pyridazinyl}ethyl carbazate, ISF 2469), were investigated in 16 patients with primary hypertension concurrently treated with -blockers and diuretics. The protocol included a double-blind placebo controlled haemodynamic evaluation after the first tablet and two 4-week double-blind placebo controlled cross-over periods followed by an open evaluation during 2 months. Cadralazine induced a moderate, prolonged fall in blood pressure that was associated with vasodilatation and slight increases in cardiac output (dye-dilution) and heart rate. Renal plasma flow (PAH) and glomerular filtration rate (⁵¹Cr-EDTA) were not significantly influenced, but the filtration fraction was reduced. Plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and adrenaline rose, whereas plasma renin activity was unchanged. The haemodynamic parameters were not correlated with the plasma concentrations of cadralazine. During chronic cadralazine treatment the supine blood pressure was significantly lower than during the double-blind placebo phase (160/93 vs 174/102 mmHg). The compound was generally well tolerated but the body weight increased slightly (1.1 kg), probably because of fluid retention. Several patients who had previously experienced side effects with hydralazine, including one with hydralazine-syndrome, tolerated cadralazine well. This suggests that cadralazine does not cross-react with hydralazine.     

康妇炎胶囊联合米非司酮对输卵管异位妊娠患者疗效分析

目的 探讨康妇炎胶囊联合米非司酮治疗输卵管异位妊娠的临床效果和安全性。方法 选取2017年5月—2019年5月就诊于我院的84例输卵管异位妊娠患者,按随机数字表法分为两组,各42例。对照组予以米非司酮治疗,观察组加用康妇炎胶囊治疗。比较两组临床疗效、包块大小和血β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)、性激素水平、不良反应情况。结果 观察组临床总有效率为92.86%,高于对照组的73.81%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.486,P=0.019);两组治疗后包块大小均较治疗前小,观察组治疗后包块大小为(0.84±0.12)cm,较对照组的(1.16±0.18)cm小(t=9.586,P＜0.001);两组β-HCG均较治疗前低,β-HCG为(312.04±63.65)U/L,较对照组的(435.14±68.41)U/L低,差异有统计学意义(t=8.538,P＜0.001);两组治疗后卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)和促黄体生成素(LH)水平低于治疗前,观察组治疗后FSH(12.03±2.11vs14.58±2.23,t=5.383,P＜0.001)、E2(143.69±15.62vs158.95±16.37,t=4.371,P＜0.001)、LH为(9.34±1.53vs13.05±2.18,t=9.028,P＜0.001)均低于对照组;两组不良反应相比,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.138,P=0.457)。结论 康妇炎胶囊联合米非司酮可增强输卵管异位妊娠治疗效果,改善性激素水平,加快包块消失,促进β-HCG复常,安全可靠。     

不同浓度地佐辛联合丙泊酚麻醉对无痛肠镜患者的临床研究

目的研究分析不同浓度地佐辛加丙泊酚麻醉对行无痛肠镜治疗患者苏醒质量的影响。方法选择2019年1月—2020年1月于我院行无痛肠镜治疗的80例患者为本次研究对象,将其按照随机分组的方式分为甲组和乙组,各40例,甲组予以0.05 mg/kg地佐辛+丙泊酚麻醉,乙组予以0.1 mg/kg地佐辛+丙泊酚麻醉,观察两组丙泊酚用量、苏醒时间和术中不良反应发生情况,并对数据进行分析统计。结果乙组丙泊酚用量低于甲组,且乙组苏醒时间短于甲组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),乙组术中不良反应发生率为7.50%低于甲组25.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论地佐辛联合丙泊酚在无痛肠镜治疗患者的麻醉中效果显著,但0.1 mg/kg地佐辛+丙泊酚安全性更高,可有效降低丙泊酚用量,缩短苏醒时间,并降低不良反应发生率,可满足临床麻醉需求,有较高的临床应用价值。     

强化护理在儿童急性白血病鞘内注射中的应用效果

目的探讨强化护理在儿童急性白血病鞘内注射治疗中的应用效果。方法选取2019年5月至2020年6月于中国科学技术大学附属第一医院西区行鞘内注射治疗的90例急性白血病患儿作为研究对象,按照入院时间将其分为A组(45例)与B组(45例)。A组采用常规护理方法,B组采用强化护理方法。比较两组的不良反应发生情况、家长满意度、护理质量。结果B组不良反应发生率低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组家长总满意度高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组护理质量高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用强化护理模式可缓解患儿鞘内注射治疗不良反应,减轻患儿痛苦,促进治疗顺利完成,提高家长满意度,改善护理质量,应用效果较好。     

胎心监护不同图型对胎儿预后的评价

目的：通过研究胎心监护不同图型与脐血血气分析和新生儿Apgar评分关系来探讨早期诊断胎儿宫内缺氧的方法。方法：随机收集足月单胎产妇144例在产前做胎心监护,分娩时测脐动脉血气,出生后行Apgar评分,结果：随着脐血pH值降低,胎心监护异常图型及新生儿Apgar低评分发生率越高。胎心监护正常提示胎儿宫内情况良好的准确性达80．73％,在胎儿监护异常图型中,以pH≤7．20作为缺氧标准诊断符合率为50．82％,而以Apgar评分＜7分作为诊断标准的符合率仅为27．87％,各种胎心监护异常图形对胎儿预后影响差异有显著意义,P＜0．005,结论：正常胎心监护图型预报胎儿预后好的准确率高,胎心监护异常时,应严密监护,根据胎心率异常的程度,胎儿能够娩出的时间,选择恰当的处理方法,即可减少围产儿病率及死亡率。     

心导管术后的外周血管并发症及其处理

目的 探讨心导管术后的外周血管并发症的发生原因、临床表现和处理方法。方法 对心导管术后有外周血管并发症的患者的临床资料进行分析。结果 本院1996年1月-2000年1月共完成各类心导管术508例,发现外周血管并发症28例（5.5%),其中局部血肿22例,假性动脉瘤1例,动脉静瘘1例,静脉血栓形成2例,动脉血栓形成1例,股神经功能障碍1例。所有并发症经内科保守治疗后均好转。结论 心导管术后外周血管并发症不可忽视。但只要及时处理。绝大多数预后良好。