Eighteen-month Coronal Caries Incidence in North Carolina Older Adults

In this longitudinal study of a random sample of North Carolinians over the age of 65 and living in their homes, 325 blacks and 280 whites were examined and interviewed 18 months after baseline examinations. Coronal caries incidence was greater among whites than blacks. The increment due to teeth becoming root fragments were similar for both races; however, there were more newly crowned teeth among whites. Newly crowned surfaces were not used as part of the caries increment in logistic regression models to investigate potential risk predictors. For blacks, caries development over the 18-month period was associated with a higher lactobacillus score and more coronal caries at baseline, more previously filled coronal surfaces, and lack of active membership in clubs or other groups. For whites, having no self-reported tooth sensitivity, having a lower socioeconomic index score, taking antihistamine medications at baseline, and having the perception of more problems after the age of 40 than before were all associated with the development of coronal caries.     

不同类型高危儿早期干预的临床研究

目的 探索早期干预对窒息、高胆、早产三类高危儿智力发育改善的效果，寻找更合适的早期干预措施。方法 将三类高危儿分为干预组及对照组，同时随机选取正常对照组进行随访。干预组采用鲍秀兰教授“0～3岁”早期干预方案训练，各组均在6个月、1岁时分别采用婴幼儿智能发育量表(CDCC)进行智力发育测评，结果用MDI、PDI表示。结果 (1)6个月龄时MDI各干预组与对照组间有显著性差异，窒息组、早产组与正常组间亦有显著性差异；高胆组与正常组间无差异；PDI窒息组中干预组与对照组之间有显著差异(P＜0．01)，高胆组、早产组均无差异(P＞0．05)。(2)1岁时MDI和PDI结果一致，干预组与对照组间比较窒息组、高胆组有显著差异，早产组无差异；窒息组、高胆组干预组与正常组比较无差异，对照组和早产组与正常组比较均有显著差异(P＜0．01)。(3)所有干预组测评分值均高于对照组，6个月与1岁之间比较有显著差异，各观察组间比较有显著性差异(P＜0．01)。结论 三类高危儿早期干预效果差异较大，干预组均较对照组分值高，早期干预有改善智力发育的作用；三类高危儿中，窒息组、高胆组效果最好，均达到或超过正常水平。所有未干预组均不及正常水平；早期干预对足月高危儿效果显著，对早产儿欠佳，远期效果尚需进一步随访观察。     

急性心肌梗塞猝死的诱因及抢救(附13例报告)

本文报告了急性心肌梗塞猝死13例。分析猝死的诱因主要有血清钾浓度降低,严重心律失常,包括室内传导阻滞、室性并行心律、室性早搏等。近年来急性心肌梗塞的发病率日趋增高,心源性猝死也随之增多,有必要对猝死的诱因进行探讨,以采取有效的抢救措施。     

Prospective study of phobic anxiety and risk of Parkinson's disease.

Anxiety disorders are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the risk of PD among people with anxiety has not been examined in a prospective cohort study. We examined this relation prospectively within the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, a cohort of US male health professionals. In 1988, anxiety was assessed using the Crown-Crisp phobic anxiety index in 35,815 men without PD, stroke, or cancer at baseline. There were 189 incident cases of PD during 12 years of follow-up. After adjusting for age, smoking, and caffeine intake, the relative risk of PD among men with the highest level of anxiety (Crown-Crisp index scores of 4 and above) was 1.5 (95% CI = 1.0-2.1; P-trend = 0.01) compared to men with the lowest level of anxiety. This positive association persisted after excluding cases of PD with onset in the first 2 years of follow-up. Use of anxiolytic medication was also associated with an elevated risk of PD (RR= 1.6; 95% CI = 0.9-3.1), but adjusting for this potential confounder did not materially affect the association between anxiety and risk of PD. Our results suggest that anxiety is a risk factor for PD. Whether this association is causal or the result of shared underlying biology remains a question.     

R波相关振动法血压测量

为了提高振地血压测量的准确性，提出了一咱基于心电Ｒ波与血压振动波之间相关性，识别振动信号的一种抗干扰方法＝－Ｒ波相关法，结合振动波形特征识别，该方法可有效地提取信号，消除干扰影响，该算法已在１６位８０９８单片机上实现，本文同时给出了程序的详细流程图。     

父母亲社会经济状况与低出生体质量儿的相关性探讨

①目的 探讨父母亲社会经济状况与低出生体质量儿发生的关系。②方法 采用病例对照研究方法，对190名低出生体质量儿和750名正常出生体质量儿的父母亲进行了相关因素调查，用Logistic回归分析进行了危险因素分析。③结果 母亲年龄大于35岁、母亲的职业为教师或农民、父亲吸烟、母亲孕期吸烟及年家庭收人低是发生低出生体质量儿的危险因素(OR=1．280～7．290)，母亲身高与低出生体质量儿的发生率呈负相关关系(OR=0．898)。④结论 父母亲的社会经济状况与低出生体质量儿的发生有关。     

从ECCE到Phaco的转变--核处理技术的实验研究

目的通过化学方法制成动物核性白内障模型,探讨相对能量复合指数(RECP)与角膜内皮细胞活性的关系。方法将5种化学物质注入晶状体,以透过黑白条纹的清晰程度判断晶状体混浊程度并分级。然后将实验眼球分为6组(Ⅰ组为对照组;Ⅱ-Ⅵ为实验组),行标准超声乳化白内障摘除手术。手术后立即取下角膜,作锥蓝-茜素红联合染色标本和扫描电镜标本。结果晶状体内注入甲醛、冰醋酸、无水乙醇、丙酮和苯扎溴铵均能形成晶状体混浊,其中:冰醋酸致晶状体混浊能力最弱,无水乙醇、丙酮次之,甲醛、苯扎溴铵最强。当RECP≤90时,锥蓝-茜素红双重染色和扫描电镜均表明角膜内皮细胞活性好,其形态和细胞联接均无改变。当RECP=120时,角膜内皮细胞形态尚正常,但是细胞联结和胞膜部分破坏。当RECP=150时,角膜内皮细胞严重损伤。结论用化学方法制作核性白内障模型供过渡训练使用是可行的。当RECP超过某一数值(>90)时,即与角膜内皮细胞的活性成负相关。     

Risk factors for recurrences of febrile convulsions

Risk factors for predicting recurrences of febrile seizures were studied in an unselected series of 169 children after their first febrile seizure. Follow-up data covering 2.1–6.8 (mean 3.8) years from the first febrile seizure were available from 167 of them (98.8%) including 72 girls. Altogether 35/167 (21.0%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 14.6% to 29.1%) had further febrile seizures, and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the number of febrile episodes (p = 0.011) and the occurrence of such seizures among first degree relatives (p = 0.015, relative risk 3.75, CI 1.22 to 11.5) to be significant risk factors for recurrences. Our findings indicate that more emphasis should be placed on preventing febrile episodes rather than concentrating only on preventing seizures with antiepileptic therapy.     

Sulphanilic acid: divergent results in the guinea pig maximization test and the local lymph node assay

The guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) has proven to be a valuable tool for the identification of the skin sensitization potential of chemicals. The method identifies a hazard which can lead in the EC to compulsory labelling of that chemical. In the present study, data on sulphanilic acid derived from the GPMT has been compared with results from a second guinea pig assay (the cumulative contact enhancement test) and the murine local lymph node assay, both of which require only topical application of chemical. Except for the GPMT, no test identified any sensitizing activity associated with exposure to sulphanilic acid. These latter results are consistent with the experience gained from substantial human exposure in an occupational setting and from which no cases of allergic contact dermatitis to sulphanilic acid have arisen over a 20-year period. In consequence, it is questioned which test protocol in practice has given the more accurate identification of sensitization hazard relevant to man.