飞行员与普通人脑白质高信号检出率及分布比较

目的：比较飞行员和普通人脑白质高信号（white matter hyperintensities,WMHs）的发病情况。方法收集2002年1月—2014年12月来空军总医院健康体检进行头颅MRI检查的现役飞行员290例、普通人910例进行回顾性分析,比较WMHs的发病情况。结果飞行员WMHs者40例,检出率为13.79%;普通人WMHs者83例,检出率为9.12%。飞行员和普通人WMHs年龄差异无统计学意义。本组飞行员和普通人WMHs分布部位类似,差异无统计学意义。本组40例WMHs飞行员蒙特利尔量表评分均≥26分。8例连续执行飞行任务飞行员6个月后WMHs体积增加,差异有统计学意义。结论本组飞行员WMHs的检出率高于普通人。飞行员和普通人WMHs分布部位类似主要位于额叶。飞行员点状WMHs对认知不受影响。飞行员WMHs的体积会随着飞行时间的增加而增加。     

MR扩散张量成像在急性脑梗死的临床应用

目的应用MR扩散张量成像(DTI)技术对急性脑梗死行动态观察,研究其扩散变化规律,推断缺血半暗带的治疗时间窗,并通过扩散张量纤维束成像(DTT)技术论证皮质脊髓束与肌力的相关关系。方法对71例不同时间窗的脑梗死病例行常规MRI、扩散加权成像(DWI)及DTI检查,测定各期病灶的平均扩散系数(DCavg)、部分各向异性系数(FA)、相对各向异性系数(RA)及容积比(1-VR)值,并对10例行三维白质纤维重建。结果梗死不同时期的DCavg均值分别为[(0·275±0·022),(0·349±0·019),(0·465±0·023),(0·538±0·035)]×10-3mm2/s,随时间变化呈明显减低、逐渐回升、假正常化的趋势(P<0·001);FA、RA、1-VR值在超急性期轻度升高,以后呈不可复性减低的趋势;超急性期、急性期病灶中心区与边缘区的DCavg、FA、RA、1-VR值差异有统计学意义(P<0·001)。皮质脊髓束表现为无受压、受压无中断及中断、破坏,其临床肌力表现为无减退、治疗后肌力恢复、无恢复。结论梗死灶的DCavg、FA、RA、1-VR值具有特征性演变规律;超急性期、急性期病灶边缘区可能为缺血半暗带组织,其治疗时间窗可扩展为24h。DTT技术对临床及判断预后有重要价值。     

CO2 点阵激光和强脉冲光治疗面部光老化的疗效比较

目的 对CO2点阵激光和强脉冲光治疗面部光老化的效果进行比较。方法 选取我院2017年 1月-2018年1月收治的面部光老化患者100例,随机分为对照组及观察组,各50例。对照组行强脉冲光治疗, 观察组行CO2点阵激光治疗,比较两组治疗效果、不良反应发生率及复发率。结果 观察组治疗总有效率为 96.00%,高于对照组的84.00%（P＜0.05）;观察组不良反应发生率为6.00%,低于对照组的20.00%（P＜0.05）; 观察组复发率为6.00%,低于对照组的22.00%（P＜0.05）。结论 与强脉冲光相比,采用点阵激光技术治疗面 部皮肤光老化,能够有效改善患者的满意程度,治疗后要注意使用抗生素避免皮肤感染,通过多种措施预防 不良反应,为治疗效果提供保证。     

耳穴贴压复合表面麻醉用于鼻内镜手术的效果观察

目的：评价耳穴贴压复合表面麻醉用于鼻内镜手术的麻醉效果。方法选择80例表面麻醉下择期鼻内镜手术患者,随机数字法分为两组：耳穴贴压复合表面麻醉组（A组,n=40）和单纯表面麻醉组（B组,n=40）。 A组患者取耳神门（TF4）、交感（AH6a）和外鼻（TG1.2i）3处穴位粘贴王不留行籽,于术前30分钟进行按压治疗,B组仅穴位处粘贴胶布作为对照且不行按压治疗。患者均采用1%的丁卡因进行表面麻醉,术中根据患者情况给予小剂量的艾司洛尔、硝酸异山梨酯或芬太尼。术中观察麻醉优良率;艾司洛尔、硝酸异山梨酯与芬太尼使用率及不良反应。结果与B组比较,A组麻醉优良率明显升高（P〈0.01）,艾司洛尔、硝酸异山梨酯与芬太尼使用率降低（P均〈0.01）,两组均未出现不良反应。结论耳穴贴压复合表面麻醉用于鼻内镜手术具有良好的麻醉效果。     

强脉冲光联合果酸对轻中度痤疮的疗效及安全

目的 分析对轻中度痤疮患者给予强脉冲光联合果酸治疗的效果及安全性。方法 选择杭州艺星医 疗美容医院2023年1月-10月收治的100例轻中度痤疮患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试 验组,各50例。对照组采用强脉冲光治疗,试验组在对照组基础上采用强脉冲光联合果酸治疗,比较两组 临床疗效、生活质量、痤疮严重程度及不良反应发生情况。结果 试验组治疗总有效率为98.00%,高于对 照组的88.00%（P ＜0.05）;试验组治疗后DLQI评分低于对照组（P ＜0.05）;试验组治疗后ACSI评分低于 对照组（P＜0.05）;两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 强脉冲光联合果酸 治疗轻中度痤疮的效果良好,可有效减轻患者的痤疮症状,有利于改善其生活质量,且不会增加不良反应 发生风险,应用安全性较高。     

1型糖尿病患者外周血白细胞端粒长度的变化及其意义

目的 探讨1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者外周血白细胞端粒长度的变化及意义.方法 T1DM患者(T1DM组)20例,健康对照组20例,提取外周血白细胞DNA,纯度检测合格后用地高辛标记的探针行Southern杂交,经图像分析系统扫描和软件分析后测得端粒长度.结果 T1DM组外周血白细胞端粒长度较对照组明显缩短(P＜ 0.01).结论 T1DM患者外周血白细胞端粒长度的缩短可能与自身免疫密切相关,提示端粒可能在T1DM的发病中起重要作用.     

State-of-the-Art Management of Acute Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease

The management of patients with non variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding has evolved, as have its causes and prognosis, over the past 20 years. The addition of high-quality data coupled to the publication of authoritative national and international guidelines have helped define current-day standards of care. This review highlights the relevant clinical evidence and consensus recommendations that will hopefully result in promoting the effective dissemination and knowledge translation of important information in the management of patients afflicted with this common entity.     

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL,HISTOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF LEPTIN ON TESTES IN MICE

This study was undertaken to examine the effects of leptin on testes in mice. For this purpose, 12 male mice were divided into two groups. Animals in Group I were designated as control. Mice in Group II were injected daily with leptin for 5 days. All animals were decapitated at the end of the experiment. The testes were removed and weighed out. Testicular tissue specimens were processed for light and electron microscopic examination and semi-quantitative evaluation of immunohistochemical testosterone staining. Intensity of immunostaining was determined on a scale between 0 (no staining) and 5 (heavy staining). For morphometric comparison, diameters of seminiferous tubules from each group were measured. In the leptin injected group, testicular weights and diameters of seminiferous tubules were significantly increased in comparison to control values. In light microscopic examination, an increase in secretory granules in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells was observed after leptin treatment. In the same group, distinct changes indicative of increased cell activation were seen in the ultrastructure of Leydig cells. Amount of mitochondria, lysosomes and cytoplasmic secretory granules were increased. Furthermore, an increase in extensiveness of rough endoplasmic reticulum was noted in this group. Immunohistochemical testosterone staining of the cytoplasm of Leydig cells was heavy (5 +) in the leptin treated mice compared to mild score (2 +) in the control mice. Additionally, heavy immunostaining of testosterone was also observed in the interstitial space after injection of leptin. The present findings indicate that testicular functions and synthesis of testosterone increase after administration of leptin.     

Application of the pulsed light technology to mycotoxin degradation and inactivation

The persistence of mycotoxins and their metabolites in agricultural products is a major safety concern because of their high resistance to all kinds of decontamination techniques. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the pulsed light technology for the degradation of mycotoxins. We report that eight flashes of pulsed light destroyed of 84.5 ± 1.9, 72.5 ± 1.1, 92.7 ± 0.8 and 98.1 ± 0.2% of zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin in solution. The degradation of the molecules was monitored by HPLC and LC‐MS/MS analysis. We estimated the potential toxicity of zearalenone and deoxynivelenol after exposure to a pulsed light treatment using the Caenorhabditis elegans survival tests. The genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 was also investigated using a complete Ames test. The results show that the treatment of zearalenone and deoxynivelenol by single or multiple flashes of pulsed light is associated with a stagnation or marginal decrease of the toxicity of the mycotoxins and that treatment of aflatoxin B1 by pulsed light can completely eliminate the mutagenic potential of this mycotoxin. This work provides the first demonstration of a nonthermal technology allowing mycotoxin destruction and inactivation of their mutagenic activity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.