TRAIL与羟基喜树碱联用协同杀伤人肺腺癌A549细胞

目的：探讨羟基喜树碱与肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand，TRAIL）联用对肺腺癌A549细胞是否具有协同杀伤作用，并对其机制进行初步研究。方法：MTT法检测细胞毒性作用，流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和线粒体膜电位，Western blot分析bcl-2和bcl-xl蛋白水平变化。结果：单用100ng／mL TRAIL，4、40和400μg／mL羟基喜树碱对A549细胞杀伤率分别为13．9％、3．0％、23．4％和76．7％，联合用药的抑制率分别为43．6％、52．5％和83．1%。100ng／mL TRAIL和4μg/mL羟基喜树碱有协同作用，可使细胞线粒体膜电住降低，但不影响bcl-2和bcl-xl蛋白表达。结论：TRAIL与羟基喜树碱联用对肺腺癌A549细胞有明显的协同杀伤作用，其机制可能与羟基喜树碱降低A549细胞线粒体膜电位有关。     

Radioquimioterapia de la enfermedad limitada del carcinoma pulmonar de célula pequeña. ¿Tratamiento concomitante en protocolos asistenciales?

Purpose We retrospectively reviewed our institution’s database to investigate the outcome and impact of combined radiochemotherapy (RT/CT; concomitant or in sequence) in localised small-cell lung cancer (L-SCLC). Material and methods Between January 1995 to November 1999, 79 patients with L-SCLC received combined RT/CT at our Institution. RT was delivered concurrently or sequentially following the CT. Patients with treatment response received additional prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI). Results Of the patients treated, 54% had received concurrent CT/RT compared to 46% receiving RT following the CT. PCI was administered to 80% of the patients. Complete response was observed in 66% of patients. With a median follow up of 30 months, median overall survival was 15.9 months; 14.3 months for patients who received RT following CT and 21.6 months for those receiving concurrent CT/RT. The type of schedule of combined radiochemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for survival free of local recurrence, as was additional PCI for distant metastasis-free survival. Conclusions Our results are similar to those reported previously in the literature. The main point of interest is that our patients were non-selected. We strongly support the use of concurrent CT/RT so as to achieve results comparable to the best in the literature.

     

Lung bullae and pulmonary fibrosis associated with marijuana smoking

A 26‐year‐old man with a history of heavy marijuana and minimal tobacco use was found to have extensive bilateral lung bullae and interstitial fibrosis, heavily infiltrated by pigmented macrophages. These features can be associated with marijuana smoking. The differential diagnoses in this patient are also discussed.     

Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: Ventilation perfusion scintigraphy versus helical computed tomography pulmonary angiography

The present study compared the accuracy of ventilation perfusion scintigraphy (VQS) and CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. This was a prospective observational study of 112 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) who could be studied with both investigations within 24 h. Results were compared to final diagnosis at completion of 6-month follow up, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed in 27 referred patients (24%). The sensitivity and specificity of VQS and CTPA were similar to that reported from the literature. A normal VQ scan had the highest negative predictive value (100%), while a high-probability VQ scan had the highest positive predictive value (92%). There was no overall difference (area under the ROC curve (AUC)) between VQS (AUC (95% CI) = 0.82 (0.75,0.89)) and CTPA (AUC = 0.88 (0.81,0.94)) for the diagnosis of PE. Among patients with abnormal chest X-rays, CTPA (AUC 0.90 (0.83,0.97)) appeared somewhat better than VQS (AUC 0.78 (0.68,0.88)) but this difference did not reach statistical significance. In this instance, CTPA is at least as accurate as VQS and may provide an opportunity to make alternative diagnoses.     

放射治疗肺癌脊椎转移的临床研究

为探讨肺癌脊柱转移放射治疗的时间剂量分割方法及其疗效,将肺癌脊柱转移64例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组每次3Gy,每周5次,共30Gy;对照组每次2Gy,每周5次,共50Gy;两组均使用6mVX线照射.分别比较疼痛缓解率、止痛起效时间、及脊髓压迫缓解率.结果显示治疗组和对照组的疼痛缓解率分别为87.5%和81.3%,无显著性差异(P＞0.05);平均止痛起效时间分别为8±2.2天和15±3.2天,差异性显著(P＜0.01);脊髓压迫缓解率分别为85.0%和81.8%,无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结果表明放射治疗肺癌脊柱转移疗效好,起效快,建议使用30Gy/10f/2W的时间剂量分割模式.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期炎性细胞因子与肺功能的相关性

目的 分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期炎性细胞因子水平变化及与肺功能的相关性.方法 对本院2019年3月—2020年3月收治的62例患者的炎性细胞因子进行检测,分析各项炎性细胞因子水平变化情况及其与患者肺功能之间的相关性.结果 62例患者的IL-6指标、IL-8指标和TNF-α指标均随着患者综合评估分级的增加而增加,且各...     

人类免疫缺陷病毒首犯后天阳之本

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染人体后,主要侵犯肺、脾二经,但首犯肺经。肺为后天阳之本,脾为后天阴之本。根据肺的生理功能和HIV病毒侵袭人体的特点,肺经的临床表现出现最早,出现的几率也最大。脾为后天阴之本,当肺脏卫外功能减退或不足的时候,病邪即可深入,引起脾经病变。同时HIV病毒对肺脾的侵犯具有较大的特异性,需要结合其他各期的病机进行综合分析,完整地认识病毒的发病特性。     

西妥昔单抗治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效

目的：探讨西妥昔单抗治疗非小细胞肺癌患者的临床疗效.方法：收集2007年1月～2008年1月在我院住院治疗的非小细胞肺癌的患者80例,实验组（n=40）给予西妥昔单抗＋顺铂＋紫杉醇;对照组（n=40,顺铂＋紫杉醇.记录治疗前和治疗两个月后的影像、临床资料;观察并记录病人的生存情况和不良反应.结果：影像学检查完全缓解（comlete response,CR）两组均无,部分缓解（partial response,PR）的病人实验组中有10人,对照组有2人,P =0.012;而治疗过程中出现影像学上进展的患者实验组中有8人,对照组组有14人,P =0.133.实验组症状缓解率为26/40,对照组为14/40 ,P = 0.025.结论：西妥昔单抗可安全、有效地用于非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗.临床应用呈现出高临床受益率、高抗肿瘤活性和高安全性的特点,值得临床进一步推广验证.     

扶正消癌Ⅰ号方对GP方案治疗老年非小细胞肺癌减毒增效的临床研究

目的:研究扶正消癌Ⅰ号方对GP方案治疗老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的减毒增效作用。方法:选择2006年1月—2006年12月住院的老年NSCLC患者35例,按随机设计分为研究组和对照组,分别为20例和15例,研究组给予扶正消癌Ⅰ号方,药用:茯苓10g,白术10g,山药10g,黄芪15g,太子参15g,白花蛇舌草30g,山慈菇15g,蜈蚣2条,每日1剂,连服14天,同时给予GP方案:吉西他滨(GEM)1000mg/m2,第1,8天,卡铂(CBP)AUC 5,第1天,3周为1个周期,至少完成2个周期治疗的病例进入统计学处理,对照组给予GP方案,方法同研究组,观察近期疗效,毒副反应,生存质量(QOL)和总生存时间(OS)。结果:进入统计学处理的病例数研究组与对照组分别为18例和13例,研究组与对照组在近期疗效方面无显著差异(44.44%vs 38.46%,χ2=0.111,P=0.739),研究组毒副反应发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05)、QOL优于对照组(P0.05),在中位生存时间(MST)和OS方面无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:扶正消癌Ⅰ号方对GP方案治疗老年NSCLC患者能够显著降低毒副反应发生率,提高QOL,具有肯定的减毒增效作用,有一定的临床应用价值。