Vulvar embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: A case report

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is a rare malignant neoplasm found in both male and female children. It typically presents as a protruding vaginal mass with vaginal bleeding in girls less than 8 years of age. It is often seen as the sarcoma botryoides histologic sub type. This report represents the first case study of ERMS presenting as a vulvar mass. The article further explores the etiologies of pediatric vulvar masses, including ERMS, and the suggested diagnostic and treatment modalities.     

第二产程会阴按摩联合外阴热敷在初产妇分娩中的应用效果观察

目的 探讨第二产程会阴按摩联合外阴热敷应用于初产妇分娩中的效果.方法 选取2019年6月至2020年6月在铜山区人民医院分娩的初产妇158例,按随机数字表法分为两组,各79例.对照组实施常规助产,观察组实施第二产程会阴按摩联合外阴热敷.对比两组产妇第二产程时间、会阴情况、宫缩疼痛程度、产后切口疼痛程度及住院时间.结果 ...     

Giant congenital melanocytic nevi: long-term results of treatment modalities

We present our long-term results of 44 children treated for giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN). Although controversial, their potential malignancy enforces their removal. The choice of the technique is a real challenge but should attempt to remove all of the involved tissue with minor cosmetic deformity. Our present approach favours the use of multimodality therapy, and different surgical procedures being used for each region.     

Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with the CO2 laser

From 1982 to 1987, 18 consecutive patients with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia were treated with CO₂ laser vaporization. Prior genital tract malignancy or premalignancy was seen in 72% of the patients. The area around the commisura posterior was involved in 94% of the cases, and the disease showed multifocal localization in 56%.Of the patients 56% were disease-free after a single laser treatment; after three treatments 95% were disease-free. The mean follow up was 28 months (range 3–66); the recurrences occurred after 6–51 months, and all of them were macroscopically detectable. Colposcopy was important, whereas cytology had no importance in diagnosing the recurrences. There were no cases of progression to invasive carcinoma. The treatment was well tolerated, there were few complications and no permanent sequelae. CO₂ laser vaporization of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia represents an improvement, as long as the patients are followed up closely and informed that more than one treatment may be necessary.     

Digital Infrared Fundus Reflectance

An infrared sensor was inserted at the film plane of a fundus camera. The signal was visualized on an oscilloscope. In this manner we measured infrared reflectance from the surface of the fundus. The purpose was to characterize choroidal malignant melanomas more reliably than is done with infrared color translation photography. Control lesions were choroidal nevi, metastatic tumors, and disciform macular degenerations. Correlations were made with radioactive phosphorus (³²P) uptake, fluorescein angiography, and histopathologic findings. Several cases are presented, one in which this new method of infrared detection was the first diagnostic test to detect the spread of a choroidal melanoma. The simplicity of this technique and its increased accuracy justify the needed further refinements.     

肢端黑素瘤和黑素痣的AgNOR

应用银胶染色技术，对１９例良性黑素痣和１６例肢端黑素瘤的核仁组成区蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）进行观察分析，采用两种方法计数细胞核内的银染颗粒，发现在良性黑素痣和肢端黑素瘤之间，每种方法ＡｇＮＯＲ均值的差异均有非常显著性意义。因此，ＡｇＮＯＲ染色技术的应用有助于黑素痣和肢端黑素瘤的鉴别。     

Cutaneous spider Nevi in liver cirrhosis: Capillary microscopical and hormonal investigations

Summary Nailfold capillary microscopical and hormonal investigations were carried out in 25 patients with cirrhosis of the liver and in 20 age-and sex-matched controls. Several structural and functional capillary microscopical parameters were significantly different between the group of cirrhotics as a whole and the controls; no capillaroscopic feature helped to distinguish cirrhotics with spiders from those without. Serum estradiol and total testosterone were comparable in cirrhotics and controls; free serum testosterone was reduced in male cirrhotics, particularly in cirrhotics with spider nevi. The estradiol/free testosterone ratio was highest in male cirrhotics with spiders. Cirrhosis, thus, leads to both structural and functional effects on the cutaneous capillary system whether or not spider nevi are present. The presence of spider nevi is accompanied by an increased serum estradiol/free testosterone ratio in male cirrhotics. It remains to be determined whether the hormonal alterations described do indeed play a role in spider nevi formation.Abbreviations BSP retention bromsulphthalein retention - HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen