泰尔丝联合斯奇康治疗扁平疣临床疗效观察

目的观察口服泰尔丝联合斯奇康治疗扁平疣的疗效。方法选择2005年7月-2008年12月来我院皮肤科门诊就诊的63例扁平疣患者,随机分为两组：治疗组32例,应用口服泰尔丝联合肌肉注射斯奇康的方法治疗。对照组31例,单用肌肉注射斯奇康的方法治疗。疗程3个月。结果治疗组治愈率瓦总有效率分别为62．5％和90．6％,明显高于对照组的32．3％和71％;观察期间未见严重不良反应。结论口服泰尔丝联合斯奇康治疗扁平疣安全有效。     

Effectiveness of diode laser trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation in patients following silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension in Chinese eyes

We evaluated the effectiveness of diode laser trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in nine patients having raised IOP following use of silicone oil (SO) for retinal detachment (RD) surgery in a retrospective observational case series. Diode laser TSCPC was applied at a power setting of 1.75 to 2.5 watts, for two sec with a maximum of 30 applications. The patients were followed up for 40 to 312 weeks. The mean pre-laser IOP was 32.06 mm Hg (SD 7.32). The mean post-laser IOP at one month, three months and six months was 17.89 mm Hg (SD 8.23), 21.89 mm Hg (SD 8.16) and 21.67 mm Hg (SD 7.55) respectively. The final IOP (at the last follow-up) was 19.56 mm Hg (SD 7.85) (P=0.021). Seven of them had undergone SO removal. In our observation, effectiveness of TSCPC in long-term control of SO-induced ocular hypertension was limited as compared to short-term control of IOP.     

曲安奈德在增生性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切除术中的应用

目的:讨论曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)在增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferate diabetic retinopathy,PDR)玻璃体切除术(pars plana vitrectomy,PPV)中的辅助作用。方法:增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者107例107眼随机分为曲安奈德玻璃体切除组(治疗组53眼)和传统玻璃体切除组(对照组54眼),其中TA组经大部分玻璃体切除后,术中抽取0.3~0.5mLTA注入玻璃体腔,完成余下玻璃体皮质切除及视网膜前膜的剥离。观察术中并发症如视网膜裂孔形成、视网膜脱离、玻璃体出血。术后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压、黄斑水肿情况。结果:总共有104例(97.2%)患者完成6~12mo随访,其中TA组51例(96.2%),传统玻璃体切除组53例(98.1%)。TA组术中视网膜裂孔明显低于对照组(P<0.05),术中视网膜脱离、玻璃体出血及术后BCVA、眼压、黄斑水肿两组无明显差异。结论:增生性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切除时注射TA能够加玻璃体皮质的可视性,使视网膜前膜的剥离更安全有效,减少术中视网膜破裂,术后没有与之相关的严重不良反应。     

玻璃体切割术联合曲安奈德治疗严重PDR患者的糖尿病性黄斑水肿

【摘要】 目的 探讨玻璃体切割术联合曲安奈德（TA）治疗严重增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）患者糖尿病性黄斑水肿的疗效。设计 回顾性比较性病例系列。研究对象 2009年7月至2010年4月中南大学湘雅二医院连续实施玻璃体切割术的严重PDR患者25例（28眼）。方法 12例14眼在玻璃体切除术毕玻璃体内注射曲安奈德（IVTA）2 mg,为IVTA组;13例14眼仅做玻璃体切割,未注射TA,为对照组。用OCT等检查随访观察患者6个月。两组患者术前PDR复杂性评分无差异。主要指标 LogMAR最佳矫正视力、OCT黄斑中央厚度。结果 术后6个月,IVTA组LogMAR最佳矫正视力（0.76±0.45）显著优于对照组（1.20±0.50）（t=2.473,P=0.020）;IVTA组OCT黄斑中央厚度（266.92±50.23 μm）显著低于对照组（285.37±46.81 μm）（t=16.470,P=0.000）。结论 玻璃体切割术联合玻璃体内注射曲安奈德有利于控制严重PDR患者的糖尿病性黄斑水肿和提高视力。（眼科,2012,21：248-252）     

Macular abnormalities in patients with retinitis pigmentosa: prevalence on OCT examination and outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of macular abnormalities detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and to report the results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in five patients with RP. Methods: OCT images of the macula of 622 eyes of 323 patients with RP were evaluated. All patients had a complete clinical examination, and PPV was performed on two RP patients with a macular hole (MH), two patients with vitreomacular traction (VMT) syndrome, and one patient with cystoid macular oedema (CME). Results: A macular lesion was detected by OCT in 46 eyes (7.4%) of 37 patients (11.5%). CME was detected in 34 eyes (5.5%) of 26 patients, an epiretinal membrane in four eyes of four patients, VMT in five eyes of four patients, and full‐thickness MH in three eyes of three patients. PPV was performed on five of these eyes. The MH was closed with vision improvement after a single surgery in one eye, and was closed after repeated PPVs with a decrease of vision in another eye. In both patients with VMT, the visual acuity decreased after the surgery. The macular morphology and visual acuity did not improve postoperatively on the one patient with CME who underwent PPV. Conclusion: When OCT is used, macular abnormalities are present in 7.4% of patients with RP, which is lower than the prevalence reported earlier. Although vitrectomy can improve the macular morphology in some patients with RP, improvement of visual function may be limited most likely because of the long‐standing retinal dysfunction.     

小梁切除术或Ahmed阀植入术治疗新生血管性青光眼的疗效分析

目的：比较平坦部玻璃体切割术（PPV）、全视网膜激光光凝术（PRP）联合二期丝裂霉素C（MMC）小梁切除术或联合Ahmed阀植入术治疗新生血管性青光眼（NVG）的远期疗效。方法：回顾性病例对照研究。2009年6月至2013年1月就诊于常熟市第二人民医院眼科的NVG患者28例（29眼）,Ⅰ组13例（14眼）行PPV、PRP联合MMC小梁切除术;Ⅱ组15例（15眼）行PPV、PRP联合Ahmed阀植入术。术后随访4~6 年,观察2 组患者手术前后房角关闭状态、新生血管消退情况、滤过泡瘢痕化、眼压、手术成功率以及视力改变。采用配对或成组t 检验、Fisher精确检验以及 Mantel-Cox生存分析对数据进行统计分析。结果：2组患者房角粘连性关闭程度、术后新生血管消退速度比较差异无统计学意义。2 组术后视力均有所提高,但差异无统计学意义,且随访期间视力稳定。术后48 个月,Ⅰ组滤过泡均瘢痕化而Ⅱ组有6 眼存在盘周滤过泡。2 组间手术前后眼压差异无统计学意义,术后眼压均低于术前（均P ＜0.001）。在术后18 个月时2 组间手术成功率差异无统计学意义,但在术后48 个月时差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.093,P =0.024）。结论：PPV、PRP联合二期MMC小梁切除术或Ahmed阀植入术均能有效治疗NVG,而PPV、PRP联合Ahmed阀植入术的远期成功率较高。     

L 形钛板黄斑外垫压治疗近视牵拉性黄斑病变

目的 评价L 形硅海绵钛板黄斑外垫压联合玻璃体切割术治疗近视牵拉性黄斑病变的临床疗效。方法 前瞻性研究收集2015 年8 ～ 11 月在中南大学湘雅医院行L 形硅海绵钛板黄斑外垫压联合玻璃体切割术的7 例7 眼近视牵拉性黄斑病变患者的临床资料,术后随访观察黄斑形态变化（如劈裂腔有无缩小或消失）,最佳矫正视力、眼轴长度及眼压变化情况。计量资料采用t 检验进行统计学分析。结果 随访时间为4 ～ 6 个月,黄斑部劈裂腔完全消失者2 例,明显缩小者5 例。患者术前平均LogMAR 视力为（1.50±0.50）,末次随访平 均LogMAR 视力为（0.87±0.32）,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。至末次随访时,患者的平均眼轴为（27.72±1.75）mm,术前平均眼轴为（28.72±1.97）mm,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。其中1 例患者术后1 周出现高眼压,加用2 种局部降压滴眼液,眼压恢复正常,至术后1.5 个月停药。结论 L 形硅海绵钛板黄斑外垫压联合玻璃体切割术治疗近视牵拉性黄斑病变是一种有效的手术法。     

盘状红斑狼疮继发上唇疣状癌合并双手寻常疣1例

患者男,50岁。面部红斑10年,上唇及双手背疣状肿块3年,上唇肿块生长加快4月。皮肤组织病理检查:面部红斑皮损示:表皮角化过度伴灶性角化不全,可见角质栓,棘层肥厚,基底细胞液化变性,真皮内炎症细胞密集浸润。上唇疣状肿块示:角化不全,棘层不规则增生肥厚,有大量空泡化细胞,可见鳞状窝形成及少量角化不良细胞,未突破基底膜,真皮内血管增生,周围淋巴细胞块状浸润。右手拇指根部肿块活检符合寻常疣。诊断为盘状红斑狼疮继发上唇疣状癌合并双手寻常疣。