全文获取类型
收费全文 | 305396篇 |
免费 | 19598篇 |
国内免费 | 8813篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 3407篇 |
儿科学 | 10450篇 |
妇产科学 | 3645篇 |
基础医学 | 21608篇 |
口腔科学 | 4725篇 |
临床医学 | 39495篇 |
内科学 | 61010篇 |
皮肤病学 | 3530篇 |
神经病学 | 15794篇 |
特种医学 | 15326篇 |
外国民族医学 | 24篇 |
外科学 | 41458篇 |
综合类 | 34125篇 |
现状与发展 | 28篇 |
预防医学 | 20358篇 |
眼科学 | 5438篇 |
药学 | 31074篇 |
202篇 | |
中国医学 | 9169篇 |
肿瘤学 | 12941篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 755篇 |
2023年 | 3849篇 |
2022年 | 11049篇 |
2021年 | 14299篇 |
2020年 | 9269篇 |
2019年 | 14428篇 |
2018年 | 8852篇 |
2017年 | 8185篇 |
2016年 | 9990篇 |
2015年 | 12626篇 |
2014年 | 23192篇 |
2013年 | 20696篇 |
2012年 | 23016篇 |
2011年 | 20146篇 |
2010年 | 18011篇 |
2009年 | 17383篇 |
2008年 | 16202篇 |
2007年 | 16441篇 |
2006年 | 14075篇 |
2005年 | 9938篇 |
2004年 | 5873篇 |
2003年 | 5144篇 |
2002年 | 4224篇 |
2001年 | 3661篇 |
2000年 | 3145篇 |
1999年 | 2351篇 |
1998年 | 2590篇 |
1997年 | 2394篇 |
1996年 | 2007篇 |
1995年 | 2069篇 |
1994年 | 1920篇 |
1993年 | 1507篇 |
1992年 | 1747篇 |
1991年 | 1508篇 |
1990年 | 1468篇 |
1989年 | 1380篇 |
1988年 | 1280篇 |
1987年 | 1165篇 |
1986年 | 963篇 |
1985年 | 1879篇 |
1984年 | 2034篇 |
1983年 | 1440篇 |
1982年 | 1567篇 |
1981年 | 1468篇 |
1980年 | 1281篇 |
1979年 | 1101篇 |
1978年 | 882篇 |
1977年 | 822篇 |
1976年 | 739篇 |
1974年 | 489篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
AIMS: To examine the effects of agents that alter potassium adenosine triphosphate (KATP) channel activity in beta-cells on cognitive function and counterregulatory hormone responses during acute hypoglycaemia, given the physiological similarities between the pancreatic beta-cell and the hypothalamic glucose-sensitive neurones (GSN) and the widespread distribution of sulphonylurea receptors in neuronal cells throughout the brain. METHODS: Ten healthy males were studied on four occasions and in random order underwent three stepped hypoglycaemic (plasma glucose aims: 3.4, 2.8, 2.4 mmol/l) and one euglycaemic (plasma glucose aim: 5 mmol/l) insulin clamps. Prior to each hypoglycaemic study, volunteers received either 10 mg glibenclamide, or 5 mg/kg diazoxide or placebo orally. Cognitive function, symptom scores and counterregulatory hormone responses were measured at each glycaemic level. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant effect of either drug on the symptoms generated or the counterregulatory hormonal response during hypoglycaemia. However, cognitive function was better preserved during hypoglycaemia in the glibenclamide-treated arm, particularly four-choice reaction time which deteriorated at a plasma glucose 2.5 mmol/l compared with 3.0 mmol/l with diazoxide (P = 0.015) and 2.9 mmol/l with placebo (P = 0.114). CONCLUSIONS: Single doses of pharmacological agents which alter membrane KATP channel activity do not affect the counterregulatory response to hypoglycaemia but may modify cognitive function during cerebral glucopenia. The unexpected effects of glibenclamide on cortical function suggest a novel action of sulphonylureas that warrants further investigation. 相似文献
42.
大鼠静脉窦高压致硬膜血管变化的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的探讨大鼠静脉窦高压后硬膜血管变化及其静脉窦高压在硬脑膜动静脉瘘形成中的作用。方法体重200~250g的SD雄性大鼠110只,随机分为静脉窦高压组(85只)和假手术组(25只),将静脉窦高压组85只大鼠闭塞左侧横窦和上矢状窦前1/3,并吻合右侧颈总动脉和颈外静脉,制成静脉窦高压模型。假手术组大鼠单纯解剖相应的颈部血管和硬脑膜窦,但不行吻合或闭塞。术后90d,随机取7只静脉窦高压组大鼠和5只假手术组大鼠,行硬脑膜血管明胶墨汁灌注,观察硬膜血管的状况。结果术后90d静脉窦高压组和假手术组大鼠的硬膜血管数分别为(10.7±1.5)条/mm,(10.3±0.6)条/mm,差异无显著性。在静脉窦高压组中1只大鼠有硬脑膜动静脉瘘,其形态和结构与生理性动静脉短路类似。结论大鼠静脉窦高压一段时间后,颅内硬膜血管无明显增生。颅内硬脑膜动静脉瘘的形成很可能是由动静脉间的短路发展而来。 相似文献
43.
The aim of this study was to design a new intravenous blood–gas exchange device and to estimate the design characteristics
of the device with a dimensionless function by using a substance that can be used instead of bovine blood. In addition, the
characteristics of oxygen transfer were estimated using empirical formulas and the reliability of the equations was ascertained
by comparing their output with an experiment performed using bovine blood. The dimensionless function was derived using distilled
water and bovine blood to estimate the oxygen transfer rate. Using the derived equations, the calculated oxygen transfer rates
for bovine blood and distilled water were similar for Reynolds numbers ranging from 0.7 to 7.0. Therefore, it is possible
to estimate the oxygen transfer rate in bovine blood, which is a non-Newtonian fluid, using distilled water, which is a Newtonian
fluid. Moreover, it was possible to verify the related equations because the oxygen transfer rate could be estimated using
the derived equations, according to the diameters of the various device modules. 相似文献
44.
目的:观察离体心脏左心室三层心肌的单相动作电位的改变,以探讨扩张型心肌病易发心室颤动与三层心肌跨室壁复极不均一性的关系。方法:用阿霉素制作扩张型心肌病家兔模型,测定其室颤阈值(VFT)以及心外膜、中层心肌和心内膜心肌细胞的单相动作电位复极90%时程(APD90)、跨室壁复极离散度(TDR)。结果:扩张型心肌病VFT明显降低(P<0.001),三层心肌细胞APD90均明显延长(P<0.001),中层心肌细胞较心外膜、心内膜下心肌细胞延长更为显著(P<0.05);扩张型心肌病跨室壁复极离散度增加(P<0.01)。结论:中层心肌细胞APD90明显延长、跨室壁复极离散度增加、三层心肌复极不均一性增加可能是扩张型心肌病容易发生心室颤动的重要原因。 相似文献
45.
Purpose. To present a model-dependent approach for the assessment of the in vivo drug dissolution profile based on in vitrodata for the multiple unit dosage form, as an alternative to the numerical method proposed in the study by Hayashi et al, Pharm. Res. 12:1333–1337 (1995).
Methods. The data for aspirin granules administered to healthy subjects obtained in the above mentioned study were re-evaluated. The subject dissolution system was considered to consist of two subsystems connected in series, i.e. the subsystem describing the gastric-emptying process and the subsystem describing the intestinal dissolution process. The frequency response method was used to model the subject dissolution system.
Results. The model in vivodissolution profile of aspirin, assessed as the integral of the model weighting function of the subject dissolution system, was in agreement with the in vivo cumulative absorption profile calculated by the Wagner-Nelson method.
Conclusions. Comparison of dynamic properties of the subject dissolution system with the subsystem describing the gastric-emptying process yielded quantitative confirmation of the decisive role of the gastric-emptying process in the in vivodrug dissolution after administration in the multi unit dosage form. 相似文献
46.
Therapeutic Consequences of Variation in Intraarterial Pressure Measurements After Iliac Angioplasty
Eric Tetteroo Cees Haaring Andries D. van Engelen Yolanda van der Graaf Willem P.T.M. Mali 《Cardiovascular and interventional radiology》1997,20(6):426-430
Purpose: To assess the accuracy of intraarterial measurement of transstenotic pressure gradients for the detection of hemodynamically
suboptimal iliac angioplasty.
Methods: In 14 patients, referred for diagnostic angiography, mean pressure gradients in the aorta and iliac artery were obtained
twice, using a double-sensor pressure catheter. Additional iliac measurements were performed during pharmacologically induced
flow augmentation. Repeatability was assessed by calculation of the mean difference plus standard deviation (MD ± SD) and
repeatability coefficient (2 × SD). These results were extrapolated to 137 iliac angioplasty procedures with secondary stenting
where there was a residual pressure gradient > 10 mmHg.
Results: MD ± SD for repeated measurements at rest and during flow augmentation were 0 ± 2 mmHg and 1 ± 3 mmHg, respectively. Repeatability
coefficients were 3 and 6 mmHg. Mean pressure gradients after hemodynamically insufficient angioplasty were 8 ± 7 mmHg at
rest and 17 ± 5 mmHg following vasodilatation. Inaccurate pressure recordings may have led to inappropriate stent placement
in less than 2.5%, and inappropriate denial of stent placement in less than 5% of the lesions.
Conclusion: Variability of intraarterial pressure measurements has little consequence in the detection of hemodynamically significant
stenosis after angioplasty.
Received: 0/00/00/Accepted: 0/00/00 相似文献
47.
Frank G. Shellock Jerrold H. Mink Andrew L. Deutsch James Fox Todd Molnar Ronald Kvitne Richard Ferkel 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》1994,4(4):590-594
The effect of a newly developed patellar realignment brace was evaluated in 21 patellofemoral joints (19 patients) with patellar subluxation (13 joints with lateral subluxation and eight with medial subluxation) by using active-movement, loaded kinematic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Sixteen patellofemoral joints (76%) demonstrated a qualitative correction of or improvement in patellar subluxation (ie, centralization of the patella or a decrease in the displacement of the patella) after application of the brace. Four of the five “failures” occurred in patellofemoral joints that had patella alta and/or dysplastic bone anatomy. These results indicate that the patellar realignment brace was able to counteract patellar subluxation in the majority of patellofemoral joints studied, as shown by active-movement, loaded kinematic MR imaging. This brace appears to be useful for conservative treatment of patients with patellofemoral joint pain secondary to patellar malalignment and maltracking. 相似文献
48.
Stephen R. Thomas Ronald G. Pratt Ronald W. Millard R. C. Samaratunga Yoseph Shiferaw Leland C. Clark Richard E. Hoffmann 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》1994,4(4):631-635
Oxygen-sensitive F-19 magnetic resonance imaging of perfluorocarbon compounds requires that fluorocarbon T1 changes correlate with the local Po2 and not with the composition of the surrounding aqueous phase. The influence of various bioconstituents and paramagnetic ions within the aqueous phase on the F-19 fluorocarbon phase T1 for PFC emulsions was evaluated at 0.14 and 0.66 T. T1 was measured for FC-43, perflubron, and a fluorinated surfactant. Controlled variables introduced in the aqueous phase included annex solution constituents, blood, pH changes, and Gd-DTPA. For a constant Po2, the F-19 T1s were independent of the emulsion constituents, blood concentration, and pH. For FC-43 and perflubron, F-19 T1 was independent of the Gd-DTPA concentration, while the aqueous phase T1 decreased by more than an order of magnitude. XMO-10 (smallest emulsion particle size) showed a slight decrease in F-19 T1 with increasing Gd-DTPA concentration at 0.66 T. 相似文献
49.
50.
JUHANI RINNE 《Clinical otolaryngology》1991,16(5):436-441
Thirty-four patients with bilateral vocal cord abductor paralysis were treated surgically during the period from 1960 to 1979. The main cause of paralysis was thyroid surgery (85%). Woodman's external laterofixation was performed in 31 patients, 1 had laterofixation by laryngofissure and 2 had endoscopic arytenoidectomy. In Woodman's procedure the body of the arytenoid cartilage was removed in 10 cases and mobilized from the cricoarytenoid joint in 21 cases. Thirteen of the 34 patients needed further surgery. Including previously performed procedures in 6 patients, altogether 68 operations were performed and 17 patients (50%) were operated on more than once. The immediate failure rate of laterofixation was 22% but the need for reoperation increased with time and the total failure rate of the method was 44%. Endoscopic arytenoidectomy was successful in 1 of 2 cases as a primary operation and in 3 of 3 cases as secondary operation. Follow-up time ranged from 2 months to 29 years 8 months (mean 15 years 10 months). 相似文献