经肝裸区腔房转流术治疗布加氏综合征

本文报告2例布加氏综合征经肝裸区腔房转流术.2例均为Hirooka Ib型,术毕测下腔静脉压力,分别由术前2.75kPa和3.73kPa降至1.67kPa和1.87kPa.术后症状体征迅速消失.随访50和24个月效果良好,说明满意的压力降低是手术成功的重要标准.Hirooka Ia,Ib,Ic及Ⅳ型首选本术式的优点是:①移植人工血管短,通畅率高;②不易受压;③符合正常血液动力学;④只一个切口,创伤较小.     

Pre- and postoperative nutritional care in liver transplantation in children

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is now a definitive treatment option for most cases of endstage liver disease (ESLD) in children. Efforts now focus on active supportive treatment to maintain, if not improve, the patient's clinical status before OLT and to ensure normal patterns of growth and development after OLT. Malnutrition adversely affects the outcome of OLT and is probably the single area in pre-operative management where the largest potential improvement can be made. Our studies indicate significant abnormalities of protein energy metabolism and body composition in children referred for OLT. We have shown that the use of enteral formulae, enriched with branched-chain amino acids, have significant advantages. Other adjunctive therapy, such as growth hormone, is the subject of current investigation. Following transplantation, catch-up weight and growth does occur with the advent of normal liver functioning, but patients at continuing risk for undernutrition, such as those with rejection and/or chronic infection, need to be targeted for specific nutritional therapy.     

Factors determining the performance of medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait

An investigation was undertaken to determine the factors influencing performance of medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait. Data were collected for the first batch of 42 candidates who successfully passed the 7-year medical programme. Results showed high correlations between high-school admission grades and subsequent performance during the medical programme. Similar results were also obtained with English proficiency. A partial correlation controlling for English proficiency, however, showed a systematic decline in the magnitude of the correlations between high-school grades and performance during the medical programme. In fact the relationship between high-school GPA and clinical GPA was non-significant. A prominent influence of English proficiency on performance is indicated.     

改良Sugiura术与青木春夫式断流术的比较

目的评价改良Sugiura术的疗效。方法回顾性分析2001年3月～2004年12月施行的改良Sugiura术50例患者的临床资料，并与随机抽取的以往施行的青木春夫式断流术50例做比较。结果改良Sugiura术：术后发生并发症10例，手术死亡5例，远期出血5例，肝性脑病3例，术后死亡4例；青木春夫式断流术：术后发生并发症7例，手术死亡2例，远期出血6例，肝性脑病2例，术后死亡4例，上述指标两者比较差异均无统计学意义，P〉0．05。改良Sugiura术手术时间和住院时间分别为（2．6±0．9）h、（27．5±10．5）d，显著短于青木春夫式断流术的（3．8±0．8）h和（53．2±34．2）d，P〈0．01。结论改良Sugiura术总体疗效肯定，是一种较好的青木春夫式断流术的替代手术，其操作简便，手术时间和住院时间短，值得临床推广。     

羊膜建库及其临床应用研究

目的 :制备与保存羊膜 (Amnioticmembrane,AM ) ,为临床移植治疗眼表泪液 (Ocularsur face&Teardisease ,OSTD)提供新鲜羊膜 (Freshamnioticmembrane ,FSAM )、冻干羊膜 (Frozenam nioticmembrane ,FZAM )并观察其眼表重建的特点与临床疗效。方法 :采用目前国际公认的羊膜制备与保存方法 ,制备FSAM、FZAM并进行保存研究 ,经组织染色和电子显微镜检查 ,观察保存羊膜的形态及其活性 ;并将FSAM、FZAM应用于 12例OSTD患者 ,行患眼FSAM或FZAM移植术。通过术后印迹细胞学追踪观察移植后AM上皮细胞存活与移行、替代时间 ,评估AM移植重建眼表的临床疗效。结果 :FSAM、FZAM在光镜和电镜下均与正常球结膜组织结构相近 ,主要结构为胶原纤维和网状纤维。 12例OSTD患者行羊膜移植术 (Amnioticmembranetransplantation ,AMT)后均未见明显急性排斥反应 ,术后 1～ 2周可见少量新生血管长入植片 ,AMT后印迹细胞学追踪检查 ,术后 3个月为阴性 ,4个月出现阳性反应。所有患者术后随访 5～ 18个月 ,平均 11个月 ,AM在术后 4～ 9个月逐渐溶解、消失 ,移植区眼表的色泽与结构基本恢复正常。结论 :FSAM、FZAM是目前理想的结膜替代材料并可有效地用于重建角、结膜表面 ,减轻炎症反应 ,减少新生血管的生成 ,抑制纤维组织增生 ,防止     

Imaging studies of the cadaver hand using transmission ultrasound

Ultrasonic transmission imaging has already demonstrated potential for evaluating structures in the hand. In this study, a cadaver hand was imaged using a transmission scanner with improved imaging capability. The hand was then frozen and serially sectioned and comparisons were made between the sectional anatomy and the corresponding image. Bone (in silhouette), muscle, cartilage, and tendon were visualized with high resolution.     

硅胶管套接法治疗陈旧性周围神经损伤

我院自1998年6月-2000年9月间,用硅胶管套接法治疗10例陈旧性周围神经损伤患者,取得满意疗效,现报告如下.……     

纳洛酮治疗急性重型颅脑损伤

我院自2001年1月-2001年12月,共应用盐酸纳洛酮治疗急性中、重型颅脑损伤35例,取得一定的疗效,现报告如下.……     

逆行带锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨不连

股骨远端骨不连常伴有软组织条件差、废用性骨质疏松、膝关节僵直,并常因远端骨折块过短而难以固定,因此是创伤骨科领域中较难治疗的疾病之一.自1998年5月-2004年8月,应用逆行带锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨不连21例,疗效满意,报告如下.     

脑静脉血栓病人的死亡因素分析(附5例分析)

目的分析脑静脉血栓(CVT)病人的死亡原因。方法回顾分析136例CVT病人中5例死亡病例的病因、临床表现、影像学资料、治疗经过及死亡原因。结果病死率为3.7%。2例在急性期死亡,3例在慢性期死亡。直接死亡因素均为脑疝;间接死亡因素为颅内多发性出血和多个部位的脑静脉血栓形成,死亡组(3.20±0.84)支静脉受累,存活组(2.09±1.00)支静脉受累(P=0.016)。而性别、年龄、确诊时间、癫疒间发作、病灶部位及治疗前颅内压等没有显著增加死亡的危险性。某些临床表现,如失语、运动障碍、精神症状及意识障碍与死亡有关,但其系多发性颅内出血及多个部位脑静脉血栓所致。结论CVT病人的直接死亡原因为脑疝,间接原因为多发性脑静脉血栓和颅内多发性出血。死亡不仅可以发生在急性期,也可以出现在慢性期。