Z‐axis video for cytology database is a useful tool for the case presentation prior to the cytology training workshop

We have built a database on the Internet managing z‐axis video for cytology (Zavic), and report on a new style of case discussion supported by the Zavic database. Z‐axis video for cytology is a movie file derived from the video recording of a microscopic field with changes in the focus. We used it for the case presentation of EUS‐FNA of pancreatic lesions on the Internet prior to a training workshop. The attendees were asked to observe the Zavic and to make diagnoses of 20 cases before the workshop. Fourteen attendees also observed lesions under a microscope on that day, and the results were compared with those of Zavic observation. The evaluation of the Zavic database (DB) was surveyed by a questionnaire. The average number of accurate diagnoses by 46 Zavic observers was 10.8. These accuracies for those who observed both the Zavic and glass slides were 11.57 and 11.43, respectively, for the videos and slides. Compared with Zavic observation alone, the diagnoses with glass slide observation were shifted to a correct diagnosis in two cases, but were shifted to an incorrect diagnosis in two cases. Approximately 60% of Zavic observers replied in the questionnaire that the movies on Zavic DB started to play within 3–4 seconds after clicking the play button. We successfully carried out the new style of case discussion supported by the Zavic DB. It was evaluated favorably by many attendees, who were psychologically still dependent on the glass slide observation. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

全胸腔镜食管癌外科治疗的手术模式及其演变

目的 探索全胸腔镜下食管癌根治的手术模式.方法 回顾分析2009年7月至2013年2月123例行全胸腔镜食管癌手术患者资料,包括胸内吻合及颈部吻合者,男87例,女36例;年龄38～72岁,平均59岁.按吻合部位分为:胸内吻合组(Ivor-Lewis)74例,腹腔镜游离胃,全胸腔镜食管癌根治切除,右胸顶胃食管吻合,带蒂大网膜包埋吻合口;颈部吻合组(McKoewn) 49例,胸腔镜食管游离,腹腔镜游离胃,胃食管颈部吻合.比较两组急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)发生率、术后声嘶发生率、吻合口并发症(吻合口瘘及术后2个月内吻合口狭窄),手术时间、吻合口操作时间、手术中失血量、ICU监护时间及术后住院时间等.结果 123例无手术死亡.胸内吻合组与颈部吻合组相比,手术时间及吻合口操作时间均显著增长[(371.22 ±28.38) min对(313.47±18.77) min和(72.68±9.04) min对(36.14±4.43) min];术中失血量两组差异无统计学意义;术后吻合口瘘(4.1％对18.4％)和吻合口狭窄(1.4％对17.5％)发生率均显著降低;术后总住院时间明显缩短[(20.89±3.81)天对(24.31 ±6.27)天];胸内吻合组与颈部吻合组术后声嘶及ARDS发生率无显著差异.结论 对于食管中下段癌,全胸腔镜下应用普通吻合器行Ivor-Lewis手术及袖套式大网膜包埋吻合口手术技术成熟、安全、可靠,值得推广应用;对于上段食管癌仍应遵循McKoewn术式.     

医学科普短视频在新冠肺炎疫情期间对全民健康教育的影响——以抖音短视频平台为例

2020年初,新冠肺炎疫情迅速蔓延,在此次突发公共卫生事件中及时传播正确的防疫知识显得尤为重要。近年来,短视频以其"短、小、快"的特点快速为大众所接受,其在疫情特殊时期承担起了为大众快速传递、广泛普及医学防疫知识的重要使命。文章以抖音短视频平台为例,结合疫情期间较为成功的短视频案例,对医学科普短视频在新冠肺炎疫情期间对全民健康教育的影响进行探讨,进一步剖析其在传播及快速发展中存在的优势及不足,并提出了一些想法,以期在后疫情时代,能有更多、更优质的医学科普短视频涌现,为健康中国添砖加瓦。     

404例癫痫发作的强化分析

目的：（1）探讨各类癫痫发作时症状和脑电图特点及录像脑电图监测（VEEG）在癫痫诊断、分类、定位上的价值。方法：将404例癫痫患者分为2组：1、临床诊断癫痫组，2、临床疑诊癫痫组。采用同步录像脑电图监测仪纪录患者发作时临床和脑电图表现，分析其监测结果。采用医用统计软件包SPSS软件分析，计数资料采用X^2检验。结果：确诊癫痫组患者的痫样放电检出阳性率：VEEG达82．3％，与常规脑电图（REEG）阳性率33．2％有显著性差异。88．7％临床表现为部分性发作的患者，可检出部分性痫样波。结论：VEEG对癫痫患者脑电异常的检出率高于REEG。VEEG可以为部分性癫痫发作提供定位依据。     

Correlation Between Paramedic Disaster Triage Accuracy in Screen-Based Simulations and Immersive Simulations

Background: Disaster triage is an infrequent, high-stakes skill set used by emergency medical services (EMS) personnel. Screen-based simulation (SBS) provides easy access to asynchronous disaster triage education. However, it is unclear if the performance during a SBS correlates with immersive simulation performance. Methods: This was a nested cohort study within a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The RCT compared triage accuracy of paramedics and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who completed an immersive simulation of a school shooting, interacted with an SBS for 13 weeks, and then completed the immersive simulation again. The participants were divided into two groups: those exposed vs. those not exposed to 60?Seconds to Survival^© (60S), a disaster triage SBS. The aim of the study was to measure the correlation between SBS triage accuracy and immersive simulation triage accuracy. Improvements in triage accuracy were compared among participants in the nested study before and after interacting with 60S, and with improvements in triage accuracy in a previous study in which immersive simulations were used as an educational intervention. Results: Thirty-nine participants completed the SBS; 26 (67%) completed at least three game plays and were included in the evaluation of outcomes of interest. The mean number of plays was 8.5 (SD =7.4). Subjects correctly triaged 12.4% more patients in the immersive simulation at study completion (73.1% before, 85.8% after, P?=?0.004). There was no correlation between the amount of improvement in overall SBS triage accuracy, instances of overtriage (P?=?0.101), instances of undertriage (P?=?0.523), and improvement in the second immersive simulation. A comparison of the pooled data from a previous immersive simulation study with the nested cohort data showed similar improvement in triage accuracy (P?=?0.079). Conclusions: SBS education was associated with a significant increase in triage accuracy in an immersive simulation, although triage accuracy demonstrated in the SBS did not correlate with the performance in the immersive simulation. This improvement in accuracy was similar to the improvement seen when immersive simulation was used as the educational intervention in a previous study.