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151.
目的 探讨老年排尿功能障碍的神经机制。方法 利用水浴条件下离体逼尿肌条张力测定技术,观察老龄Wistar大鼠膀胱逼尿肌条对不同浓度卡巴可、去甲肾上腺素、ATP的收缩反应改变;阿托品对卡巴可诱导逼尿肌收缩的舒张反应改变;异丙肾上腺素对电刺激诱导逼尿肌收缩的舒张反应改变。结果 与青龄组相比,老龄大鼠膀胱逼尿肌对ATP的收缩反应显著增强,对异丙肾上腺素的舒张反应在高浓度时增强;对卡巴可、阿托品、去甲肾上腺素的反应没有差异。结论 老龄大鼠排尿功能障碍可能与β-肾上腺素能、嘌呤能神经改变有关。 相似文献
152.
Obstructed voiding is a well recognized complication following a suburethral sling procedure. Current methods of transvaginal
and transabdominal urethrolysis have had variable success rates in relieving the obstruction, and do not restabilize the urethra
to prevent potential postoperative stress incontinence. We report on a procedure used in 4 cases which addresses both of these
issues. All patients had persistent urinary retention beyond 8 weeks after a suburethral sling procedure. An oupatient procedure
consisting of sling incision and associated tissue interposition (vaginal wall in three cases and fascia lata in one) was
successful in relieving the obstruction. Continence status was maintained in 3 of the 4 patients. There were no major complications
of this outpatient procedure. 相似文献
153.
Jonathan C. Craig Les M. Irwig James Christie Albert Lam Ella Onikul John F. Knight Premala Sureshkumar L. Paul Roy 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1997,11(4):455-459
Variability in the interpretation of micturating cystourethrography by paediatric radiologists for the diagnosis of vesicoureteric
reflux in children was evaluated. All 265 micturating cystourethrograms (MCUs) that were available from 304 consecutive children
aged 0.5 – 61 months – who were investigated after their first urine infection between 1993 and 1995 as part of a prospective
cohort study – were selected for interpretation. Three experienced paediatric radiologists from the same department independently
interpreted the MCUs according to the grading system of the International Reflux Study in Children, from grades 0 to V, with
the presence of intrarenal reflux also noted. Apart from being informed that urine infection was the indication for the MCU,
no other clinical information was given to the radiologists. The indices of variability used were the percentage of agreement
and the kappa statistic, expressed as a percentage. Both measures were weighted with integers representing the number of categories
from perfect agreement. Disagreement was analysed for children and kidneys. For the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux in
individual patients, including grade, the percentage of agreement was 96% – 97% (kappa 90% – 91%) and the weighted percentage
of agreement was 96% – 98% (weighted kappa 93% – 94%). The same high level of agreement was present for individual kidneys,
with a percentage of agreement of 97% – 98% (kappa 89% – 92%) and a weighted percentage of agreement of 98% – 99% (kappa 94% – 95%).
There was near perfect agreement in the interpretation of radiological micturating cystourethrography among three experienced
paediatric radiologists for the diagnosis and grade of vesicoureteric reflux. Any variations in the medical care of children
suspected of having vesicoureteric reflux are not explained by differences in the reporting of this diagnostic test.
Received June 19, 1996; received in revised form November 1, 1996; accepted December 6, 1996 相似文献
154.
Shiro Saito Makoto Hata Ryuichi Fukuyama Kosuke Sakai Jun Kudoh Hiroshi Tazaki Nobuyoshi Shimizu 《International journal of urology》1997,4(2):178-185
Background Mutation converts the H-ras gene into an activated oncogene in about 10% of human bladder cancers. Codons 12 and 61 are the major "hot spots" for activation. A simple and accurate method to detect point mutations in these codons may be clinically useful for early diagnosis of bladder cancer.
Methods Bladder cancer samples from 50 patients, plus 10 samples of normal bladder mucosa, were analyzed for possible point mutation of the H-ras gene at either codon 12 or codon 61. The H-ras gene DNA segments that include these 2 codons were amplified by PCR methods, then the possible presence of a point mutation was evaluated at each codon by susceptibility of the respective DNA segments to digestion with the restriction enzyme and by dot blot hybridization assay. A bladder cancer patient who had an H-ras gene mutation was examined to see whether the mutation was also detectable in the cells released in the urine.
Results Definite or possible point mutations were found in 6 (1 2%) out of 50 bladder cancer patients, while no mutation was detected in normal mucosa. A point mutation could also be detected in cells isolated from the patient's urine sample.
Conclusion The prevalence of point mutations at codon 1 2 or codon 61 of the H-ras gene found in this study was similar to that previously estimated for human bladder cancer by DNA transfection assay. The method we have used for detecting point mutations of the H-ras gene provides a simple and highly accurate way to detect mutated cancer cells even in the urine. It may be clinically usable for early diagnosis of bladder cancer. 相似文献
Methods Bladder cancer samples from 50 patients, plus 10 samples of normal bladder mucosa, were analyzed for possible point mutation of the H-ras gene at either codon 12 or codon 61. The H-ras gene DNA segments that include these 2 codons were amplified by PCR methods, then the possible presence of a point mutation was evaluated at each codon by susceptibility of the respective DNA segments to digestion with the restriction enzyme and by dot blot hybridization assay. A bladder cancer patient who had an H-ras gene mutation was examined to see whether the mutation was also detectable in the cells released in the urine.
Results Definite or possible point mutations were found in 6 (1 2%) out of 50 bladder cancer patients, while no mutation was detected in normal mucosa. A point mutation could also be detected in cells isolated from the patient's urine sample.
Conclusion The prevalence of point mutations at codon 1 2 or codon 61 of the H-ras gene found in this study was similar to that previously estimated for human bladder cancer by DNA transfection assay. The method we have used for detecting point mutations of the H-ras gene provides a simple and highly accurate way to detect mutated cancer cells even in the urine. It may be clinically usable for early diagnosis of bladder cancer. 相似文献
155.
156.
改良Indiana膀胱术的远期疗效观察 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的:评价改良Indiana膀胱术的远期疗效.方法:对26例改良Indiana膀胱术术后患者的膀胱可控性、尿动力学、肾盂输尿管扩张、上尿路感染情况、血清电解质和肾功能进行随访.结果:26例随访1~7年,平均3年.白天可控率96.2%;贮尿囊容量为380~640 ml,平均542 ml;贮尿囊内压力为1.215~3.224 kPa,平均1.921 kPa.B超、IVP造影示3 例输尿管扩张,经随访无加重.血清电解质及肾功能正常.结论:改良Indiana膀胱术远期疗效可靠,并发症少,是一种较理想的尿路分流术式. 相似文献
157.
牛凌卫 《河南职工医学院学报》2003,15(4):41-43
目的 观察小剂量卡介苗(BCG)、丝裂霉素C(MMC)交替灌注预防浅表性膀胱癌术后复发的疗效和安全性。方法 回顾性分析自2000年5月~2001年6月的45例浅表性膀胱癌患的临床资料,29例行膀胱部分切除术,16例行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(TuRBt),术后定期应用卡介苗60mg、丝列霉素C 10mg交替膀胱灌注,每周1次共6次,间歇3个月,再每月1次,持续12个月。其中Ta、T1期22例、T2期23例。结果 所有病人随访12~24个月,45例患中,共有2例复发,均为TURBt后T2病人,总有效率95.2%,无全身不良反应,仅2例应用BCG后出现轻度膀胱刺激症状。结论 小剂量MMC、BCG交替膀胱内灌注,预防浅表性膀胱癌术后复发,效果好、病人耐受性强、副作用小。 相似文献
158.
159.
特殊型前列腺增生症的诊治 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
收治特殊型前列腺增生症110例,分别伴有逼尿肌无力、不稳定性膀胱、前列腺结石、膀胱结石、前列腺炎或糖尿病。认为:治疗前认真检查发现特殊前列腺增生症,是提高治愈率、减少并发症的关键步骤之一。 相似文献
160.
bcl-2反义寡核苷酸对膀胱癌BIU87细胞株的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:探讨bcl-2反义寡核苷酸对培养的膀胱癌BIU87细胞株的影响.方法:采用bcl-2基因第1外显子的反义寡核苷酸,以硫代磷酸修饰(PS-ASON),序列为5′-TCTCCCAGCGTGCGCCAT-3′,与膀胱癌细胞株BIU87共同孵育作为实验组.加入正义的bcl-2寡核苷酸,序列为5′-TACCGCGTGCGACCCTCT-3′(PS-SON)作为对照组,用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和坏死率,电镜观察细胞形态变化.结果:与对照组相比,实验组的细胞坏死率明显上调,电镜下细胞形态呈坏死改变.结论:bcl-2的反义寡核苷酸引起膀胱癌细胞大量坏死,可能成为膀胱癌的治疗方法之一. 相似文献