慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者呼出气NO含量的变化及吸入NO对其肺功能的影响

为探讨一氧化氮 (NO)在慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)发病中的作用及吸入NO对COPD肺功能的影响 ,本研究检测了COPD患者鼻、口呼出气中NO的含量及吸入不同浓度 (10～ 80ppm)NO时肺功能和血气指标。结果表明 :COPD患者鼻、口呼出气NO含量均明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,且COPD和对照组口呼出气NO含量低于鼻呼出气 (P <0 .0 1) ;吸入 2 0～ 80ppmNO能明显改善COPD患者部分肺通气功能指标(FEV1、FEV1/FVC、FEV1%、PEF) ,且呈效量依赖关系 ,但对肺容量和肺弥散功能指标无明显影响 ;吸入NO后COPD患者PaCO2 增加 ,但对PaCO2 和高铁血红蛋白无明显影响。提示NO合成减少可能介导了COPD的发病 ,吸入一定浓度的NO可改善COPD患者肺通气功能和PaO2     

脑梗死患者急性期血小板膜糖蛋白表达的研究

目的　探讨脑硬死患者急性期血小板膜P -选择素 (CD6 2p)的表达及其与临床神经功能缺损程度的关系。方法　用流式细胞术测定 41例急性期脑梗死患者血小板膜CD6 2 p的表达。 结果　轻、中、重型脑梗死患者CD6 2 p的表达分别为 (1.38± 0 .2 9) %、(3.15± 1.5 8) %、(10 .46± 5 .0 7) % ,与正常对照组 (1.5 6± 0 .17) %比 ,轻型脑梗死患者CD6 2p的表达无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,中、重型脑梗死患者CD6 2 p的表达显著升高 (P <0 .0 5和0 .0 1)。结论　脑梗死患者急性期血小板膜CD6 2 p的表达与临床神经功能缺损程度有关。     

肺宝对小鼠免疫功能影响的实验研究

对小白鼠免疫功能影响进行了试验研究 ,试验结果表明 ,肺宝颗粒 1 3.4g/kg(相当生药 2 5 .8g/kg) ,能明显促进鸡红细胞免疫的小白鼠血清溶血素 (IgM)生成 ,具有增强特异性体液免疫功能的作用。 6 .7g/kg(相当生药 1 2 .9g/kg)能促进小白鼠网状内皮系统 (RES)吞噬功能 ,具有增强机体非特异性细胞免疫功能的作用。 1 3.4g/kg对卡介苗 (活菌 )所致小白鼠迟发超敏反应 (Ⅲ型变态反应 ) ,有非常显著的抑制作用 ,能明显提高机体特异性细胞免疫功能。     

古稀胶囊对放疗后鼻咽癌免疫功能的影响

探讨古稀胶囊(主要成分有机硒 ) 对接受放疗的鼻咽癌患者免疫功能的影响。接受放射治疗的 34例鼻咽癌患者分成单纯外照射(单放组 ) 1 2例和外照射加用古稀胶囊(药放组 ) 2 2例。结果 :放疗后与放疗前比较 :药放组 :CD+ 3 细胞增加(P <0 .0 1) ,CD+ 4 细胞升高(P <0 .0 5 ) ,CD+ 4 /CD+ 8比值回升 ,无显著差别(P <0 .0 5 ) ,IgG含量下降(P <0 .0 5 ) ,B细胞百分数和IgM含量有下降趋势 ,但无显著意义(P <0 .0 5 ) 。较单放组各项指标均有明显改善。结论 :古稀胶囊可拮抗放疗引起的免疫功能抑制 ,同时可提高机体免疫功能     

氯沙坦单用或与吲达帕胺合用对高血压患者心血管的影响

目的 评价单用氯沙坦或与吲达帕胺合用对高血压患者的心血管结构和功能的影响。方法 40例高血压患者,随机分成氯沙坦单用加量组及氯沙坦与吲达帕胺合用组,疗程均为12周。观察治疗前后随测血压、多普勒彩色心动图指标及动脉脉搏速度（PWV）。结果 两组患者均有显著的血压降低,氯沙坦与吲达帕胺合和组的降压效果较氯沙坦单用加量组更显著（P＜0.05）;两组治疗后左室重量指数（LVMI）、室间隔厚度（LVST）、左室后壁厚度（LVPWT）和动脉脉搏速度（PWV）均有明显下降,E／A比值升高（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）。结论 氯沙坦与吲达帕胺合用有良好的降压作用并能有效改善心血管的结构和功能。     

Role of Laryngeal Movement and Effect of Aging on Swallowing Pressure in the Pharynx and Upper Esophageal Sphincter

Objectives Describe contribution of laryngeal movement to pressure changes at the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and the effect of aging on the swallowing function. Study Design Manofluorography on 56 nondysphagic adults divided into three age groups: the 21‐ to 31‐year‐old group (n = 32), the 61‐ to 74‐year‐old group (n = 12) and the 75‐ to 89‐year‐old group (n = 12). Analyses of the bolus transit time, the amplitudes and durations of pharyngeal pressures, the timing of a pressure fall at the UES and the laryngeal movements. Methods Intraluminal strain‐gauge sensors recorded pressure changes in the oropharynx, hypopharynx and the UES. Motion pictures of the videotapes were fed into a personal computer, and movements of the hyoid bone were measured in both the horizontal and vertical directions as an indication of laryngeal movement. Results In 26‐ and 70‐year‐old men with calcification of the thyroid cartilage, it was determined that the larynx and hyoid bone moved in consonance until the end of the rapid hyoid movements in both the superior and anterior directions. In the 21‐ to 31‐year‐old group, the magnitude of the pressure fall at the UES was maximal before or almost at the same time as the bolus arrival, in preparation for smooth passage of the bolus from the pharynx to the esophagus. The rapid superior movements of the hyoid bone started significantly early as compared with its anterior movements (P = .0001). The rapid anterior movements of the hyoid bone started simultaneously with the pressure fall at the UES. In the elderly, all segmental transit times were significantly increased. The timing of the pressure fall at the UES was significantly delayed and the UES pressure reached its minimum value after arrival of the bolus at the UES. The minimum pressure at the UES increased to a significantly positive value. The rapid anterior movements of the hyoid were significantly delayed, suggesting that this delay causes the delay in the pressure fall at the UES. Conclusions The rapid superior and anterior movements of the hyoid bone are considered to start at the same time as those of the larynx. In the young group, it is suggested that superior laryngeal movement protects the lower airway prior to the anterior laryngeal movement, causing the pressure fall at the UES to enable the passage of a bolus into the UES. In the elderly, smooth passage of the bolus from the pharynx to the esophagus is hindered and the system that prevents aspiration is rendered inefficient by changes in the swallowing pressures and laryngeal movements with aging.     

中老年上睑皮肤松垂整复疗效的探讨（附82例临床报告）

目的：探讨中老年上睑皮肤松垂患者的整复疗效。方法：术前以捏摄法描出须切除上睑皮肤松弛的皮肤量。术中以对合法检查切口两侧皮肤,在自然闭眼下是否刚好对合,以此为标准调整须切除的多余皮肤量。结果：８２例１６４眼上睑皮肤松垂整复效果满意率达１００％,并同时获得满意的美容效果。结论：捏摄法和对合法是治疗中老年上睑皮肤松垂患者较理想的方法。     

溴化异丙托品对稳定期COPD患者肺功能及运动耐受性的影响

目的 观察不同剂量的溴化异丙托品（ＩＰＢ）短时及长期应用,对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）患者的肺功能及运动耐受性的影响。方法 ３７例稳定期ＣＯＰＤ患者,随机分３组,分别吸人ＩＰＢ１６０μｇ／次、８０μｇ／次、４０μｇ／次。用药前后行肺功能及自行车功量仪极量运动负荷法运动试验测验。结果 吸入ＩＰＢ１６０μｇ／次、８０μｇ／次组与安慰剂对照组相比,通气及运动指标均明显改善（Ｐ〈０．０１、Ｐ〈０．     

心肌肌钙蛋白T在小儿心肌炎中的动态变化及其与心功能的相关性

目的研究心肌肌钙蛋白T(cardiactroponinT,cTnT)在心肌炎中的动态变化及与心功能的相关性.方法应用夹心层免疫吸附法测定30例心肌炎,20例疑似心肌炎及30例正常对照cTnT和肌酸磷酸激酶(creatinekinase,CK)及同功酶CK-MB,同步进行心功能测定.结果心肌炎组cTnT明显高于疑似心肌炎组及对照组,且心肌炎组治疗前明显高于治疗后,疑似心肌炎组与对照组无显著差异.cTnT与心脏收缩功能(CI,EF,ACT)均呈负相关.cTnT的敏感性为76.67%,特异性为96.67%.结论cTnT对心肌损害的敏感性及特异性均高于CK和CK-MB,其动态变化提示心肌病变的轻重及预后.cTnT与心脏收缩功能呈负相关,即cTnT越高,收缩功能越差.     

KATP通道开放剂KRN2391对离体大鼠心肌梗死范围的影响

目的：探讨ＡＴＰ敏感性钾通道（ＫＡＴＰ通道）开放剂ＫＲＮ２３９１（ＫＲＮ）对离体大鼠心功能及心肌梗死范围的影响。方法：用Ｌａｎｇｅｎｄｏｒｆｆ装置,观察不同浓度ＫＲＮ对冠脉灌流量及左心室压力的影响。应用离体大鼠双冠脉分别灌注芊４５ｍｉｎ缺血及２ｈ再灌注,观察药物对心肌梗死面积的影响。结果：ＫＲＮ在达到１ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度后冠脉灌流量明显增加,达２０ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ时左室收缩压明显下降,用１ｕｍｏｌ／ＬＫ