A case of totally cystic fibroepithelial polyp of the renal pelvis

Fibroepithelial polyps are the most frequently observed mesenchymal tumors of the renal pelvis. We report on one case of fibroepithelial polyp of the renal pelvis with unusual CT findings of totally cystic structure with septations. Received: 27 July 1998; Revised: 6 January 1999; Accepted: 8 February 1999     

The Effects of 10 Weeks Military Training on Heel Ultrasound and Bone Turnover

To measure the physiological changes in bone in response to strenuous exercise we performed a prospective study of male army recruits over 10 weeks of basic training. Measurements performed at the start and completion of training consisted of ultrasound (US) measurements of the heel: velocity of sound (VOS in m/seconds) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA in dB/MHz) and bone turnover markers; osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Forty subjects were recruited for the study and 26 completed training. Over the 10-week study period there was a significant 1.7% fall in mean VOS [mean paired difference (mpd) 27.2 m/second, SEM 9.5 (95% CI 7.5–46.8) P= 0.009] and a nonsignificant 3.4% increase in BUA (P= 0.159). There were significant falls in markers of bone formation OC [11.6%, mpd 0.11 μg/liter (95% CI 0.07–0.14) P < 0.001] and BALP [13.3%, mpd 3.49 U/liter (CI 0.80–6.18) P= 0.013] and a nonsignificant 9.5% fall in TRAP a marker of bone resorption. The 10 recruits subsequently injured had a significantly lower VOS on entry [mean difference 24.2 m/seconds (95% CI 4.6–43.7) P= 0.017] and nonsignificantly raised BUA and baseline levels of all bone markers. The ultrasound changes may be accounted for by increase in trabecular separation and a fall in trabecular connectivity due to microfracture. The decrease in bone markers implies a fall in bone turnover. Received: 26 June 1997 / Accepted: 26 August 1998     

Ultrasound Densitometry of the Os Calcis in Patients with Hemiparesis Following a Cerebrovascular Accident

Ultrasound densitometry has been measured in the os calcis of 31 stroke patients (14 women, 17 men), ages 46–87 years, to determine whether bone density is lower than expected for normal subjects at this site, and to investigate whether or not the stroke side has lower values than the nonstroke side. We have also measured a large control group of 268(39 men, 228 women) subjects who showed similar values to other published data. Immobility is a known precursor to bone loss and so we also compared ultrasound Stiffness Index with an index of mobility in 22 of the stroke patients. In healthy subjects, ultrasound densitometry (measured as Stiffness) fell by 25% in females from 48–52 to 68–72 years. Stiffness (expressed as z-score) in patients with stroke was low in females (P < 0.02) but not in males, but both stroke side and nonstroke side were equally low. Stiffness did not decline with time since stroke, but did correlate with mobility after stroke, on the stroke (r = 0.73) and nonstroke (r = 0.62) side. The data suggest that stroke patients, particularly females, have low bone density before the stroke event. The greater ultrasound Stiffness with increasing mobility after stroke may suggest that active rehabilitation after stroke may produce denser bone. Received: 30 July 1997 / Accepted: 10 June 1999     

血清唾液酸测定在预防性体检及肿瘤监测中的应用：唾液酸系统研究

目的　探讨血清总唾液酸（ＴＳＡ） 在预防性体检中应用的可行性及评价其监测恶性肿瘤的临床意义。方法　用化学比色法测定健康年检工人血清ＴＳＡ,分析４８２ 名ＴＳＡ 可疑阳性或阳性工人健康状况,研究２ ３０３ 名交警血清ＴＳＡ 与职业健康监护评定标准的关系、随访１０ ３７３ 名２ ～４ 年前测定血清ＴＳＡ 工人的健康状况、临床观察９４ 例恶性肿瘤患者ＴＳＡ 水平治疗前后变化。结果　（１）ＴＳＡ 在预防性体检中表明：①在４８２ 名ＴＳＡ 可疑阳性或阳性受检者中,肿瘤患者（１０ 例,２－５０ ±０－２１ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ） 血清ＴＳＡ 水平高于慢性疾病患者（２４０ 例,２－３９ ±０－２５） ,而后者又明显高于未患病的追踪观察者（２３２ 例,２－１４ ±０－２４） ,Ｐ＜ ０－００１ ;②按照广州市职业健康监护标准发现２ ３０３ 名广州交警血清ＴＳＡ 水平健康组明显低于异常组、追踪观察组和尚健康组,Ｐ＜ ０－０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０－００１ ;③随访发现,原ＴＳＡ 可疑阳性或阳性者新患恶性肿瘤和非恶性肿瘤疾病者明显高于ＴＳＡ 阴性者（ Ｐ＜ ０－００１） 。（２） 在肿瘤监测中发现：９４ 例恶性肿瘤患者ＴＳＡ 水平明显高于健康对照组,病人治疗后病情稳定或好转者ＴＳＡ 明显下     

腹腔镜在诊治宫外孕中的应用

目的：通过对拟诊为宫外孕的100例病人行腹腔镜检查,探讨腹腔镜在异位妊娠中的早确诊、早治疗以及对一些不典型病例诊断中的意义。方法：于腹腔镜下对83例有停经史、17例无停经文病人进行观察,同时部分病人实施药物局部注射治疗。结果：输卵管妊娠95例,卵巢妊娠2例,非宫外孕3例;平均出血量51ml,宫外孕未破裂者9例。结论：腹腔镜在异位妊娠的早期确诊中有重要价值,根据腹腔镜下观察的病变作出正确诊断,同时为手术方式提供合理方案。     

长期饮酒对男性生殖系统功能影响

目的探讨饮酒对男性生殖系统的损害及其机理。方法选择45名男性饮酒者和9名慢性酒精中毒者为研究对象,以15名不吸烟不接触毒物的男性为对照组。结果长期大量饮酒和酒精中毒者血清中T和CS水平下降,而LH和FSH水平升高;精浆和精子中LDH,LDH-x和G-6PD活力下降,以LDH-x下降为敏感;精子数量和活动精子年均降低,精子畸形率及异常精液检出率均升高。上述各指标与对照组比较差异均有高度显著性（P＜0.01）。结论长期饮酒可损害男性生殖系统功能。     

灰色关联分析方法在评估试卷质量中的应用

目的：在教学系统中,试卷质量是一个重要的指标因素,本文旨在探讨评估试卷质量的客观方法。方法：利用灰色关联分析模型。结果：对教研室几年来的试卷质量进行了分析,得到各年度试卷从优到劣的排列顺序是1998（r（5）＝0．83）,1997（r（4）＝0.67）,1996（r（3）＝0．55）,1995（r（2）＝0．51）,1994（r（1）＝0．48）。结论：灰色关联分析是一处理多因素问题的好方法。     

视网膜脱离巩膜环扎术后眼前节结构的初步观察

目的 观察巩膜环扎术后眼前节结构的变化,探讨术后继发性闭角型青光眼的发病机制。方法 应用超声生物显微镜检查３０例（３３只眼）孔源视网膜脱离患者术前、后３－７天的活体奶前节形态结构,并分别进行定量测定,检查结果经统计学分析两组间配对ｔｓｗｃｗ,以Ｐ〈０．０５作为差异有显著性标准。结果 术前１只眼存在裂隙样睫状体脱离。术后１１只眼（３３．３％）发生睫状体脱离,睫状体增厚水肿;术前睫状体厚度为（８２１．     

外伤性白内障术前B超检查的临床意义

目的 探讨外伤性白内障术前采用Ｂ超检查后囊破损情况的临床意义。方法 外伤性白内障３０只眼,术前采用Ｂ超检查评估后囊情况,显微镜下白内障摘除术中直接观察后囊情况并记录。结果 １４只眼术前Ｂ超检查后囊完整,手术证实１２只眼后囊完整,２只眼后囊小破坏。１６只眼术前Ｂ超检查后囊破损,手术证实１４只眼后囊存在大小不等的破损,２只眼后囊完整。结论 外伤性白内障术前Ｂ超检查为非侵入性、无痛性检查方法,操作简便,     

The Protective effect ofd-sotalol against hypoxia-induced myocardial uncoupling

Summary The effects ofd-sotalol on intercellular electrical coupling and ultrastructure under hypoxic conditions were investigated in myocardial samples from eight young (1–2 months) and four older (10–12 months) guinea pigs. A right ventricular muscle strip was kept simultaneously in two divided chambers and superfused with normoxic and/or hypoxic (97% N₂+ 3% C_O2) Krebs solution. Hypoxia caused shortening of action potential duration (APD) and electrical cellto-cell uncoupling. If the uncoupling appeared after short-term hypoxia (less than 30 min), administration of 3.10^–7M ofd-sotalol to the hypoxic perfusate led to a recovery of electrical coupling. Transmission electron microscopy revealed moderate reversible ultrastructural alterations of the cardiomyocytes. No apparent changes in intercellular junctions were observed. The recoupling effect of sotalol decreased with the time of hypoxia as the ultrastructural damage progressed. After prolonged hypoxia (more than 30min), cardiomyocytes were markedly injured, intercellular junctions were severely affected, and gap junctions occurred less frequently. In these cases, administration ofd-sotalol caused only transient recoupling. After 1h of hypoxia, no recoupling was observed. Pretreatment withd-sotalol prevented hypoxia-induced electrical uncoupling and markedly attenuated ultrastructural damage, although shortening of APD still persisted. Our results indicate that the cardioprotective effect ofd-sotalol on electrical intercellular coupling is closely associated with sotalol-induced prevention of the ultrastructural damage. Considering previous results, we suggest that this protective effect ofd-sotalol may be related to its ability to increase intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate and, thereby, to decrease cytosolic free Ca. These effects can explain the antiarrhythmic and defibrillating properties ofd-sotalol.