伊文氏蓝染色对大鼠脑内肿瘤生物学标记方法的研究

目的研究在大鼠脑内肿瘤模型中生物学染色标记脑内肿瘤的方法。方法选择F344大鼠,移植体外培养的RG2胶质瘤细胞制作脑内肿瘤模型,移植18d后经大腿静脉注射伊文氏蓝(Evans blue,EB)染色肿瘤组织,探讨生物学染色对脑内肿瘤的标示作用和手术中对肿瘤和周围正常脑组织鉴别的意义。结果EB浓度在100mg/kg时,肿瘤组织染色成鲜明蓝色,同时大鼠的皮肤和所有器官都被染色成蓝色;当浓度低于10mg/kg时,仅染色肿瘤组织而皮肤和其他器官不被染色;肉眼可鉴别的最低静注浓度为1.25mg/kg。肿瘤组织的染色效果持续到静注后96h。血清中EB浓度在静注后3h内迅速减少,之后呈缓慢代谢过程,静注后24h减少到静注浓度的38%,静注后24h EB在血清和肿瘤组织中的浓度差达到最大值。染色后在手术显微镜下进行肿瘤切除手术操作较未染色对照组明显容易,手术后切片组织学观察肿瘤被完全切除。结论EB生物学染色标记脑内肿瘤效果可靠,手术中作为肿瘤的标示鉴别肿瘤和周围正常脑组织的界限有效。     

从彭勃治"暗瘀"说探索肝纤维化的中医论治

系统阐述了彭勃治"暗瘀"说的基本内涵,并以此学说为基础进一步提出了"肝纤维化期相当于暗瘀期"的新观点。并解决了肝纤维化的中医病名、病因病机、辨证论治等诸多难题,从而使肝纤维化的中医论治有了自身的系统的中医基础理论的支持和准确的切入点,并有望取得突破。     

肿瘤光动力学疗法的并发症及其防治

本文重点综述肿瘤光动力学疗法可能发生的并发症及其防治措施，如光敏药物过敏、皮肤光毒性反应、渗出、毛细血管渗漏综合征、空腔形器官穿孔、瘢痕狭窄、感染、出血和其他并发症。     

大肠癌临床分期相关蛋白的蛋白质组学研究

目的：筛选与大肠癌临床分期相关的蛋白，为大肠癌分子分期和预后预测提供依据。方法：将不同临床分期大肠癌组织蛋白进行二维凝胶电泳，选择部分差异表达蛋白进行MALDI-TOF质谱分析和生物信息学分析以鉴定差异表达蛋白;免疫组织化学方法验证筛选结果。结果： 建立了不同临床分期大肠癌组织的二维凝胶电泳图谱，其中Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ大肠癌组织平均蛋白质点数分别为970±41,980±32,1010±43,1240±34;以Ⅰ期大肠癌为参照，Ⅱ期大肠癌差异表达蛋白有52.00±12，Ⅲ期大肠癌差异表达蛋白42.00±11，Ⅳ期大肠癌差异表达蛋白72.00±15，通过进行质谱分析和生物信息学查询，鉴定30个显著差异表达的蛋白点，其中Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ均上调的有3种蛋白：AnnexinⅡ,AnnexinⅣ,热休克蛋白27(HSP27)。而仅在Ⅳ期中上调蛋白有1种蛋白,即肝脂肪酸结合蛋白（LFABP)。AnnexinⅡ和肝型脂肪酸结合蛋白表达的免疫组化检测结果与蛋白质筛选结果基本一致。结论：不同临床分期的大肠癌中存在着差异表达蛋白，这些蛋白可能作为大肠癌分子分期和预后的标志物。     

小儿感染性腹泻病原与肿瘤坏死因子水平的关系

肿瘤坏死因子是非常重要的炎症介质。本文为观察小儿感染性腹泻时ＴＮＦ水平与病原的关系。对１９９５年６月￣１９９６年８月收治的４６例细菌感染性腹泻，３５例病毒感染性腹泻患儿进行检测，于入院第一天测定ＴＮＦ水平记录当天的最高体温及腹泻次数，同时进行粪便病原学检查，结果表明在两组具有可比性的情况下，细菌性腹泻组较病毒性腹泻组的ＴＮＦ水平显著增高。     

搭建体验式沟通平台提高大学生人际交往能力

在生活节奏不断加快，竞争激烈的当今社会，大学生群体中不同程度地存在人际交往困难，影响了各种适应社会需求和自我发展能力的培养。通过搭建体验式沟通平台，形成一种团结友爱、朝气蓬勃的氛围，将有利于大学生形成和发展健康的个性品质，提高大学生的人际交往能力。     

Selected monoclonal antibodies can increase the accuracy of cytodiagnosis of neoplastic effusions of cryptic origin expanded in a short term culture.

The use of a selected panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to tumor associated antigens (TAA) in immunocytochemical (IIC) tests has been shown, in a preliminary study, to be a powerful diagnostic tool for the identification of the primary solid tumor causing metastatic effusion. Despite this improvement in a minority of neoplastic fluids a number of different causes may still determine false negative (FN) immunocytochemical diagnoses. The aim of the present study was to confirm the diagnostic accuracy of this panel of MoAb. This was done by analyzing in IIC tests a larger number of effusions and by evaluating whether the expansion in short term culture of those fluids with an uncertain malignant morphology could provide an adequate cellular substrate for immunocytodiagnosis. The analysis of 314 effusions confirmed the results of the pilot study and demonstrated that the combination of short term culture and immunocytochemical assays can further increase the sensitivity of this novel diagnostic procedure from 84.3% to 95.3%.     

Perioperative tumor localization for laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Background: Because of the inability to palpate colonic tumors during laparoscopy, their location must be precisely identified before resection is undertaken. Method: A retrospective study was performed of 58 patients in order to be able to describe our methods of tumor localization for laparoscopic colorectal operations and to review their effectiveness. Results: In all patients, the entire colon was examined preoperatively by colonoscopy. In one patient, preoperative colonoscopic localization was inaccurate. In 31 patients, tumors were easily detectable at surgery. In five patients with the tumor in the right colon, even though the lesion was not detectable at surgery, right colectomy was performed without marking because preoperative colonoscopy reliably identified the lesion adjacent to the ileocecal valve. Twenty-two patients required some type of procedure to localize the tumor. The procedures and their problems were as follows: preoperative tattoo (five)—tattoo not visualized (one); intraoperative colonoscopy alone (six), combined with intraoperative tattoo (four) or clip (three)—poor operative exposure due to bowel distension (nine), hard to see the clip (three), dislodged clip (two), inadequate resection margin (one); intraoperative proctoscopy alone (two), combined with laparoscopic stitch (two)—no problems. In no patient was tumor present at a resection line and in no patient was the wrong segment resected. Conclusions: Reliable preoperative identification of the tumor adjacent to the ileocecal valve can permit right colectomy without marking. Lesions in the upper rectum can be approached via intraoperative proctoscopy ± suture placement. If the surgeon anticipates intraoperative localization may be difficult, lesions other than rectal or cecal ones should probably be marked by preoperative tattooing. Further studies regarding the technique of tattooing are warranted. Received: 18 July 1996/Accepted: 10 March 1997     

GraVes眼病炎性活动期与静止期血清sICAM-1水平的研究

目的:研究可溶性细胞间粘附因子-1(sICAM-1)在Graves眼病(GO)炎性活动期与静止期的水平差异及其与各项甲状腺功能指标的关系。方法:将GO炎性活动期与静止期患者,Graves病(GD)无眼病患者及正常对照,分为A、B、C、D四组,抽取空腹静脉全血,测血清sICAM-1,各组间进行比较。并分析各组sICAM-1与FT3、FT4、TG、TM的相关关系。结果:①A、B、C组患者血清sICAM-1均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。A组患者sICAM-1水平最高,与B组及C组患者相比有统计学差异(P<0.01);②前三组各组内sICAM-1与FT3、FT4成直线相关关系,与TG、TM成直线相关关系;③GO炎性活动期患者sICAM-1与GO评分成正相关。结论:血清sICAM-1水平可作为反映GO活动性评判的免疫指标,长期监测sICAM-1可预示GD进展为临床活动性眼病的可能性。     

Quality of life research in patients with rectal cancer: traditional approaches versus a problem-solving oriented perspective

The present paper critically appraises two recent overviews of the literature on rectal cancer and quality of life (QL). These reviews focus on the Anglo-American literature, largely neglect research from other countries, and provide little stimulus regarding future research directions. As an alternative perspective we propose the concept of problem-solving oriented QL research. The major theme is that the QL concept must be integrated into the clinical arena. To begin with, QL researchers must make themselves understandable. We outline several ways in which this can be achieved: (a) placing QL in a broader concept together with outcomes that are more familiar to clinicians; (b) depicting individual patients in the form of QL profiles; (c) clarifying the psychosocial/clinical correlates of particular QL scores of interest; and (d) conducting studies with a definitive practical goal in mind and integrating practitioners and patients into the study group. We illustrate the feasibility of such a research program by performance data from our Marburg-Biedenkopf field trial. Pursuing an ambitious research strategy that integrates experimental and applied research, the QL movement will have the chance to show that it is not merely l'art pour l'art, but indeed is beneficial to society. Received: 28 September 1998 / Accepted: 14 October 1998