Features of myocardial injury in severe organophosphate poisoning

Background. In organophosphate (OP) poisoning cardiac complications may occur. However, the current body of knowledge largely consists of limited studies, and case reports are mainly on electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities. As definite myocardial injury is difficult to assess through ECG, we investigated the prevalence of myocardial injury through cardiac biochemical markers such as troponin I (TnI) in severe OP poisoning. Methods. We conducted a retrospective review of 99 consecutive OP insecticide poisoning cases that were diagnosed and treated at the emergency department of the Wonju Severance Christian Hospital between March 2008 and December 2013. Results. Based on Namba classification for OP poisoning, there were no patients with mild toxicity, 9 patients (9.1%) with moderate toxicity and 90 patients (90.9%) with severe toxicity. On ECG, normal sinus rhythm was most common, and ST depression and elevation were seen in 11 patients (11.1%). Elevation of TnI within 48 h was seen in 34 patients (34.3%). The median peak level and peak time of TnI were 0.305 (IQR, 0.078–2.335) ng/mL and 15 (IQR 6.9–34.4) hours, respectively. There were differences between patients with normal TnI and elevated TnI in terms of age (yrs), number of patients who were exposed to OP via the oral route, and initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS; 58 ± 17 vs. 66 ± 16, p = 0.015, 56 [87.5%] vs. 33 [97.1%], p = 0.048 and 12.0 [IQR, 8.0–15.0] vs. 9.0 [IQR, 5.8–12.0], p = 0.019). Conclusions. OP can cause direct myocardial injury during the acute early phase in severe OP poisoning. Monitoring of TnI may be needed in severe OP poisoning.     

心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ测定对于不稳定型心绞痛患者微小心肌损伤的临床价值

目的 探讨血清心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ（cTnⅠ）测定对不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）患者微小心肌损伤的诊断及预后评估的临床价值.方法 60例UAP患者（UAP组）测定血清cTnⅠ含量,以cTnⅠ≥0.1 μgL为cTnⅠ阳性组,cTnⅠ＜0.1μg/L为cTnⅠ阴性组,分析其基本临床资料、冠状动脉病变、心脏事件的相关性.另选取同期健康体检者40例作为对照组.结果 UAP组cTnⅠ阳性率（35.0％,21/60）明显高于对照组（0）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.cTnⅠ阳性组冠状动脉多支病变和/或高度狭窄发生率（19.0％,4/21）高于cTnⅠ阴性组（5.1％,2/39）,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;90 d内心脏事件发生率cTnⅠ阳性组（33.3％,7/21）明显高于cTnⅠ阴性组（5.1％,2/39）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 血清低水平cTnⅠ是反映微小心肌损伤的敏感和特异指标,cTnⅠ定量测定对UAP患者危险分层及预后评价有重要意义.     

冠心病患者血清胱抑素C及心肌肌钙蛋白T与冠脉狭窄程度相关性研究

目的探讨冠心病患者血清胱抑素C(Cystatin C,Cys C)及心肌肌钙蛋白T(cardiac Troponin-T,c Tn T)与冠脉狭窄程度的相关性。方法选择2010年11月—2012年8月经冠脉造影确诊为冠心病的患者500例为冠心病组,同期住院患者中冠脉造影正常者200例为对照组。以Gensini积分评价冠脉狭窄严重程度。检测所有患者的Cys C及c Tn T水平,采用Pearson相关分析检测Cys C及c Tn T与Gensini积分的关系。计量资料中正态分布资料比较采用t检验,非正态分布资料比较采用方差分析及SNK检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,两组间的相关性采用Pearson相关分析法,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果与对照组相比,冠心病组Cys C水平降低,而c Tn T水平升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。经相关分析,血清Cys C与Gensini积分呈显著负相关(r=-0.973,P0.05);c Tn T与Gensini积分呈正相关,(r=0.970,P0.05)。血清Cys C与c Tn T呈负相关(r=-0.298,P0.05)。结论Cys C、c Tn T与冠状动脉狭窄程度之间均存在相关性,应用两者共同评估冠脉病变狭窄程度有一定的临床意义。     

七氟醚不同处理方式在法洛氏四联症根治手术中对心肌肌钙蛋白的影响及心肌保护的临床分析

目的：比较七氟醚预处理和后处理在经体外循环下（CPB）法洛氏四联症(TOF)根治手术中对患者心肌保护的效果并比较两种方法的效果差异。方法选取行法洛氏四联症根治手术患者48例,采用随机数字表法,将其分为3组,对照组Ⅰ（n=16）,2%七氟醚预处理组Ⅱ（n=16）,2%七氟醚后处理组Ⅲ（n=16）,其中对照组全程采取全凭静脉麻醉。采集手术切皮时,手术结束后6,12,24 h,测定患者血浆心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）的浓度,并记录主动脉阻断时间,体外循环时间,手术时间,ICU住院时间,机械通气时间,正性肌力药物使用情况。结果3组患者一般资料、术中各指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组手术切皮前血浆心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）(基础值)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。具有可比性,与1组比较,2组,3组在手术结束后4,12,24 h血浆心肌肌钙蛋白测定值降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后临床观察指标具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组3组在各时间点测定值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在本研究条件下,以血浆心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）作为心肌保护的指标时,七氟醚缺血预处理组和七氟醚缺血后处理组均能显著降低心肌肌钙蛋白的浓度,减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤,从而起到心肌保护作用,而两种处理方法在心肌保护方面未见明显差异。     

Hyper-Inflammatory Response Involves in Cardiac Injury Among Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

BackgroundInflammation can facilitate development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cardiac injury is associated with worse clinical outcomes. However, data are relatively scarce on the association between hyper-inflammatory response and cardiac injury among COVID-19 patients.MethodsThe study was designed based on severe and critically ill patients with COVID-19. Information on clinical characteristics and laboratory examinations was collected from the electronic medical records and analyzed.ResultsThere were 32.4% (n = 107) of patients with cardiac injury. The median age was 67 years, and 48.8% (n = 161) of patients were men. Hypertension was the most common in 161 (48.8%) patients, followed by diabetes (16.7%, n = 55) and coronary heart disease (13.3%, n = 44). Compared to cases without cardiac injury, those with cardiac injury were older, had higher proportions of coronary heart disease, and leukocyte counts, significantly elevated concentrations of N-terminal pro-B-Type natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R), IL-6, and IL-8, but lower lymphocyte counts. A significant positive correlation was observed between high-sensitivity troponin I and inflammatory cytokines. Logistic regression analysis showed that hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were independent risk factors for cardiac injury.ConclusionsCardiac injury was associated with elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines among severe and critically ill patients with COVID-19, suggesting that hyper-inflammatory response may involve in cardiac injury.     

Valor Prognóstico de Níveis Elevados de Troponina I Isolados em Pacientes sem Síndrome Coronariana Aguda Admitidos no Serviço de Emergência

Background:Although non-ischemic troponin elevation is frequently seen in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED), consensus regarding its management is lacking.Objectives:This study aimed to characterize patients admitted to the ED with non-ischemic troponin elevation and to identify potential mortality predictors in this population.Methods:This retrospective observational study included ED patients with a positive troponin test result between June and July of 2015. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were excluded. Data on patient demographics and clinical and laboratory variables were extracted from medical records. Follow-up data were obtained for 16 months or until death occurred. The statistical significance level was 5%.Results:Troponin elevation without ACS was found in 153 ED patients. The median (IQR) patient age was 78 (19) years, 80 (52.3%) were female and 59(38.6%) died during follow-up. The median (IQR) follow-up period was 477(316) days. Survivors were significantly younger 76 (24) vs. 84 (13) years; p=0.004) and featured a higher proportion of isolated troponin elevation (without creatine kinase or myoglobin elevation) in two consecutive evaluations: 48 (53.9%) vs. 8 (17.4%), p<0.001. Survivors also presented a lower rate of antiplatelet treatment and same-day hospitalization. In the multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for significant variables in the univariate analysis, isolated troponin elevation in two consecutive evaluations showed a hazard ratio= 0.43 (95%CI 0.17–0.96, p=0.039); hospitalization, previous antiplatelet treatment and age remained independently associated with mortality.Conclusions:Isolated troponin elevation in two consecutive measurements was a strong predictor of survival in ED patients with troponin elevation but without ACS.