小学生个性影响因素研究

【目的】分析影响儿童个性的有关因素，为培养儿童的健全人格提供依据。【方法】对西安市所属的七个区各随机抽取一所学校，每所学校抽取四、五、六年级各两个班．采用龚耀先修订的艾森克个性问卷（Eysenck Personality Questionnaire，EPQ）（儿童用）和自编的个人一般情况调查表，对2000名儿童进行调查。将调查所得数椐进行多元逐步回归分析。【结果】影响小学生个性精神性（Psy choticism，P）的因素有性别、是否班干部、父母关系；影响内外向（extrovision and intrnision，E）的因素有性别、父母关系、是否班干部、住所、母亲文化程度、所在学校；影响情绪稳定性（nearoticism，N）、掩饰性（lie,L）的均为性别、父母关系2个因素。【结论】儿童个性受家庭、学校环境等的多重影响。家长、教师应创造良好的家庭、社会环境，保持情绪乐观、稳定，避免对子女儿童的负面影响，以利于其个性向积极方向发展。     

Predictors of oral health quality of life in older adults

There is limited information regarding oral health status and other predictors of oral health‐related quality of life. An association between oral health status and perceived oral health‐related quality of life (OHQOL) might help clinicians motivate patients to prevent oral diseases and improve the outcome of some dental public health programs. This study evaluated the relationship between older persons' OHQOL and their functional dentition, caries, periodontal status, chronic diseases, and some demographic characteristics. A group of 733 low‐income elders (mean age 72.7 ISD=4.71, 55.6% women, 55.1% members of ethnic minority groups in the U.S. and Canada) enrolled in the TEETH clinical trial were interviewed and examined as part of their fifth annual visit for the trial. OHQOL was measured by the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI); oral health and occlusal status by clinical exams and the Eichner Index; and demographics via interviews. Elders who completed the four‐year assessment had an average of 21.5 teeth (SD=6.9). with 8.5 occluding pairs (SD=4.6), and 32% with occlusal contacts in all four occluding zones. Stepwise multiple regressions were conducted to predict total GOHAI and its subscores (Physical, Social, and Worry). Functional dentition was a less significant predictor than ethnicity and being foreign‐bom. These variables, together with gender, years since immigrating, number of carious roots, and periodontal status, could predict 32% of the variance in total GOHAI, 24% in Physical, 27% in Social, and 21 % in the Worry subscales. These findings suggest that functional dentition and caries influence older adults' OHQOL, but that ethnicity and immigrant status play a larger role.     

Goldenhar 综合征家系的临床表型和遗传学分析

目的分析1组Goldenhar综合征家系的临床表现及遗传学特征。方法我们随访到1组4代33人的Goldenhar综合征家系，对目前存活的29人进行了临床表型和遗传学的初步分析。结果家系内有Goldenhaar综合征患者5人．临床表现具高度多样性，累及眼、耳、脊柱、颜面、口腔等多个器官和系统的发育不良，在遗传方式上属于常染色体显性遗传。从细胞遗传学水平对家系中成员进行染色体检查，未发现核型异常。结论该Goldenhar综合征家系属常染色体显性遗传，染色体检查未发现核型异常。     

上海市某区警察心理健康状况和生活质量的时点调查

目的调查警察心理健康状况和生命质量的基本流行学资料。方法采用梅奥心理服务问卷,主要内容为心理健康状况和生命质量测定等。在上海市某公安分局内进行截断面时点调查。结果1共调查警员1611人,男性91.5%,女性8.5%,年龄28.8±17.5岁。2GHQ的平均得分:1.5±2.31,存在可能心理障碍倾向者比例15.3%,可能存在重度心理障碍者比例2.9%。3SCL-90总分大于160分者比例17.2%;单项分大于2分比例最高的是强迫症状因子(19.5%),睡眠饮食因子次之(12.8%),躯体化症状因子(12.6%)第3位,敌对因子(12.4%)处于第4位。4健康变化、总体健康感、心理健康和生命活力得分是相对最低的维度。结论1在警察群体中存在心理障碍者比例远高于一般市民,生活质量一些维度相对较差;2建立长效机制是维护和保证警察心理健康和生活质量的有效手段。     

bFGF-Math1基因诱导UEC-4细胞产生毛细胞的实验研究

目的进一步探讨bFGF-Math1基因在前庭上皮细胞系(UEC-4)细胞中的表达及生物学作用.方法利用阳离子脂质体LipofectamineTM2000介导bFGF-Math1基因真核表达质粒(pCI-bFGF-Math1)转染UEC-4细胞,利用RT-PCR技术检测基因在细胞中的表达,并利用免疫组织化学方法观察细胞的分化及特异性抗体的表达.结果脂质体介导的基因可在细胞内获得良好的表达,转染后24h,相差显微镜下观察细胞形态发生变化,免疫组织化学显示转染后细胞可以表达毛细胞特异性蛋白Myosin7a.结论bFGF-Math1基因有良好的生物学特性,可以有效地诱导支持细胞向毛细胞样细胞转变.     

保元排毒丸对顺铂引起的LLC-PK1细胞凋亡干预作用研究

目的：观察保元排毒丸对顺铂（DDP）所致猪肾小管上皮细胞（LLCPK1）凋亡的影响。方法：LLC-PK1细胞分三组培养，空白血清组采用不舍药血清进行培养，模型组分别以10和6μg／mL不同浓度的DDP进行培养，模型＋含药血清组是在不同浓度的DDP基础上予以10％保元排毒丸含药血清进行培养。培养24h后分别以荧光显微镜、电镜、流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况。结果：与空白血清组比较，荧光显微镜下模型组凋亡细胞增多，而模型＋含药血清组凋亡细胞数明显减少；电镜下模型组细胞受损明显，而模型＋含药血清组细胞形态基本正常。流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率，空白对照组为2．45％；各DDP组明显增加，10μg／mL组和6／μg／mL组分别为31．80％和30．98％，与空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义，P〈0．001；各含药血清组明显减少，DDP 10μg／mL＋含药血清组和DDP 6μg／mL＋含药血清组分别为15．21％和14．27％，与相应模型组比较差异有统计学意义，P〈0．001。模型组bcl-2基因及突变型p53基因的表达均明显降低，相应含药血清组的表达均有所上调。结论：保元排毒丸能减轻顺铂所致LLC—PK1细胞的凋亡，上调凋亡抑制基因bcl-2和突变型p53，可预防或降低顺铂引起的肾毒性。     

Intelligent dialogue based on statistical models of clinical decision-making

The independence Bayesian model has been used widely in computer programs designed to support clinical decision-making. A reasoning strategy has been developed to enable these programs to conduct clinically pertinent dialogue and explain their reasoning. It has been implemented in a program for the diagnosis of acute abdominal pain based on the Bayesian model of de Dombal et al. Several features of the dialogue design have been adopted from artificial intelligence research, including shared initiative and critiquing. The program adopts a flexible goal-driven strategy, attempting to confirm the clinician's diagnosis or rule out the likeliest alternative. Symptoms and signs are selected in order of their expected weights of evidence in favour of the hypothesized disease.     

浅谈启发式教学法在肾脏病学教学中的应用

随着素质教育的全面推进,以教师为主导、学生为主体,通过学生主动学习、促进主体个性发展的教学思想和教学方法日渐重要。教学方法的改革已由过去的以"教"为重心,逐步转移到以"学"为重心,教学方法由过去的单一化向多元化发展。良好的教学方法有利于向学生传授知识,培养学生的学习兴趣、学习能力,激励学习动机。文章根据教学实践,就启发式教学法在肾脏病教学中的具体应用进行了分析。     

Factors leading to long-term hospitalization after laparoscopic appendectomy.

BACKGROUND: Randomized studies demonstrate that laparoscopic appendectomy yields better results compared with open techniques. We sought to identify factors that determine an extended hospital stay among patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy. METHODS: This was a prospective study including 669 patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy. We analyzed variables that can predict the length of hospital stay. RESULTS: Of 669 patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy, 141 stayed in the hospital for > or = 5 days (Group 1), and 97 stayed in the hospital for < or = 1 day after surgery (Group 2). The univariate analysis demonstrated that fever (P<0.0001), nausea and vomiting (P=0.060), leukocytosis (P<0.0001), gangrened or perforated intraoperative appearance of the appendix (P<0.0001), and appendix position behind the ileocecal junction (P<0.001) were related to a longer hospital stay. The multivariate analysis through logistical regression showed that the factors independently and significantly associated with an extended hospital stay were presurgical fever, appendix position behind the ileocecal junction, and intraoperative gangrened or perforated appearance of the appendix. CONCLUSION: Fever, appearance, and position of the appendix are factors related to an extended hospital stay.