DNCE方案治疗复发或难治的侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤

目的 探讨DNCE方案作为二线解救方案治疗复发或难治的侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的有效性和安全性.方法 经病理学或组织学证实的、且一线CHOP方案治疗后进展的侵袭性恶性NHL患者69例,按信封法随机分为DNCE方案组与DICE方案组.其中DICE组37例,采用地塞米松(DXM)20 mg,静脉滴注,d1～d4;异环磷酰胺(IFO)1 S/m2,静脉滴注,d1～d4;Mesna解救400 mg,静脉滴注q8h,d1～d4;顺铂(DDP)25 mg/m2,静脉滴注,d1～d4;依托泊苷(Vp-16)100 ms/m2,静脉滴注,d1～d4.21～28d为1个周期.DNCE组32例,采用DXM、DDP、Vp-16的剂量与DICE方案相同;NVB 25 ms/m2,静脉滴注,d1和d5.21～28d为1个周期.所有患者均完成≥2个周期的化疗.结果 DNCE组中,完全缓解(CR)6例,部分缓解(PR)12例,有效率为56.3%(18/32);DICE组中,CR 4例,PR 13例,有效率为45.9%(17/37).DNCE组的疗效优于DICE组,但两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).DICE组的1、3、5年生存率分别为86.5%、58.3%和42.9%,DNCE组分别为87.5%、63.2%和38.5%,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).两组主要的不良反应为骨髓抑制和消化道反应,表现为粒细胞、血小板减少及恶心、呕吐等.DNCE组的骨髓毒性轻于DICE组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 DNCE方案治疗侵袭性NHL的疗效肯定,骨髓毒性较DICE方案为轻,是侵袭性NHL患者安全有效的解救治疗方案.     

地榆升白片预防含泰素方案化疗患者白细胞减少症的临床观察

目的观察地榆升白片预防含泰素方案化疗患者白细胞减少症的疗效。方法使用含泰素方案化疗的恶性肿瘤患者69例,治疗组32例,化疗同时服用地榆升白片,并与单纯化疗的37例作对照,观察两组的外周血白细胞数的变化、粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）的用量及继发感染发生情况等。结果治疗组化疗后Ⅲ度以上白细胞减少发生率低于对照组,差异有显著意义。治疗组在化疗第14天、21天的白细胞数均高于对照组,二者差异有显著性。两组集落刺激因子用量、白细胞减少继发感染发生例数之间的差异均有统计学意义。结论地榆升白片能有效预防含泰素方案化疗患者白细胞减少症。     

道家养生对中医命门学说形成的影响

命门学说奠基于《难经》，发展成熟于明代。在命门学说发展成熟的过程中，道家养生发挥了重要作用。命门学说是道家养生理论与医学实践逐步结合的产物。     

Associations with medication adherence among ethnically different pediatric patients with renal transplants

This study examined perceived medication regimen characteristics as factors in levels of medication adherence among 26 African American and 42 European American pediatric renal transplant patients. Among both groups, perceived characteristics of their medication regimen, including pill size, pill taste and medication complexity, were found to have significantly low to moderate associations with medication adherence. These associations were stronger and more consistent across medication adherence measures among the African American patients. This supports the need to separately examine the factors contributing to medication adherence among ethnically different pediatric patients. Suggestions for promoting medication adherence among pediatric patients with renal transplants and implications for future research are discussed. Received: 21 September 2000 / Revised: 14 November 2001 / Accepted: 18 November 2001     

Treatment of advanced gastric cancer with etoposide,folinic acid,and fluorouracil in the clinical setting: efficacy of therapy and value of serum tumor markers

The combination of etoposide, folinic acid, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (ELF regimen) has been proved to be an active chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to confirm the efficacy in the clinical setting and to correlate response with different parameters like serum tumor markers. We treated 60 patients with advanced gastric cancer with 120 mg/m² etoposide, 300 mg/m² folinic acid, and 500 mg/m² 5-FU, on d 1–3. The cycle was repeated on d 21. Objective response was obtained in 23% of all patients with measurable disease. Stable disease was obtained in 37%. The tumor-growth-control rate in patients with proximal carcinoma was significantly higher than in those with distal carcinoma (85% vs 48%, p=0.04). Median survival for all patients was 8.0 mo (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.0–8.5). In responsive patients, survival was more than two-fold longer than in patients with progressive disease. The administration of ELF could be performed safely on an outpatient basis. Toxicity was rather mild. The most frequently elevated serum tumor marker was CA 72-4 (55% of the patients). An elevated level of carcinoembryonic antigen before treatment was significantly correlated with progressive disease. A more than two-fold elevation of at least one marker under treatment was significantly correlated to progressive disease (p<0.002). A reduction of at least one marker under treatment was significantly correlated to tumor growth control (p<0.00015). The results of the present trial confirm the efficacy and low toxicity of the ELF regimen in advanced gastric carcinoma. Serum tumor markers proved suitable parameters for assessing response to treatment.     

晚期结直肠癌三种化疗方案的成本-效果分析

目的:探讨晚期结直肠癌不同化疗方案临床疗效和经济学效果。方法:92例晚期结直肠癌患者,根据不同治疗方案分为3组。FOLFOX方案:奥沙利铂85 mg·m-2,iv,d1;亚叶酸钙200 mg·m-2,iv,d1～2;氟尿嘧啶400 mg·m-2,iv,d1～2,600 mg·m-2·d-1,44 h持续静脉点滴,d1～2。14 d为一周期。FOLFIRI方案:伊立替康180 mg·m-2,iv,d1;亚叶酸钙200 mg·m-2,iv,d1～2;氟尿嘧啶400 mg·m-2,iv,d1～2,600 mg·m-2·d-1,44 h持续静脉点滴,d1～2。14 d为一周期。XELOX方案:卡培他滨2 000 mg·m-2·d-1,po,d1～14;奥沙利铂130 mg·m-2,iv,d1。21 d为一周期。运用药物经济学成本-效果分析方法,对3组治疗方案进行分析和评价。结果:FOLFOX方案、FOL- FIRI方案、XELOX方案的有效率分别为40．0％,48．6％,11．8％。化疗一个疗程住院费用分别为4 704．60元、11 167．25元、6 387．97元。在FOLFOX方案的基础上,每增加一个单位效果,FOLFIRI方案和XELOX方案所追加的成本分别为751．47元和-59．69元。结论:根据本研究结果表明,FOLFOX方案为晚期结直肠癌化疗的较好方案。     

IP方案治疗35例复发和难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤疗效分析

目的：观察IP方案治疗复发和难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效和毒性反应。方法：对35例复发和难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者采用IFO 1．5g／m^2，静滴，第1～5天；Mesna 0．4g，静注，于IFO静滴后0．4h各1次，第1～5天；DDP30mg／m^2。静滴。第1～3天。以上方案每3～4周重复1次，连用2～3个周期。结果：全组35例。CR5例,PR23例，总有效率80．O％。毒副反应主要是血液学毒性，白细胞和血小板下降发生率分别为77．1％、34．3％，白细胞Ⅲ、Ⅳ度毒性为25．7％、11．4％。结论：IP方案治疗复发和难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效比较满意，其毒性能够耐受。经对症处理均能恢复。     

根除胃幽门螺旋杆菌感染方法比较

目的 寻找经济、高效治疗胃幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)感染方法。方法将经内镜检查、尿素酶试验和病理学检查证实有HP感染的132例病人随机分为2组，A组67人，接受奥美拉唑 替硝唑 庆大霉素缓释片(OTG)治疗1周；B组65人，接受洛赛克 克拉霉素 阿莫西林(LCA)治疗1周。停药后1月和6个月进行随访，随访时对患者行C^14呼吸试验确定HP根除率，必要时进行胃镜和尿素酶试验。结果 132例患者两种方案初次随访，HP清除率分别为86．5％和92．3％；6个月后第二次随访两种方案HP清除率分别为79．3％和87．7％。二者比较差异无显著性。结论 治疗HP感染相关性胃炎和胃溃疡患者，OTG和LCA方案疗效相当，而OTG费用低，安全性好，是一种值得推广的方案。     

OHLF3和FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期胃癌疗效观察

目的探讨OHLF3和FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效及毒副反应,。方法将65例经病理确诊的晚期胃癌患者随机分为2组。治疗组34例,采用OHLF3方案化疗草酸铂135mg/m2,静脉点滴2h,第1天,羟基喜树碱6mg/m2,静脉点滴,第1~5天;甲酰四氢叶酸钙200mg/m2,静脉点滴2h,第1~3天;5-氟脲嘧啶400mg/m2,快速静脉推注,追加600mg/m2,持续静脉点滴22h,第1~3天。每21天为1个周期。对照组31例,采用FOLFOX4方案化疗草酸铂85mg/m2,静脉点滴2h(先入),第1天;甲酰四氢叶酸钙和5-氟脲嘧啶剂量与用法同治疗组,于1~2天内给予。每2周为1个周期。对两组的总反应率、毒副反应、生活质量改善率、中位进展时间(MTTP)和中位生存期(MST)作回顾性分析。结果治疗组与对照组的总反应率分别为58.8%(20/34)和48.4%(15/31),无显著性差异(χ2=0.71,P>0.05);完全缓解率分别为20.6%(7/34)和3.2%(1/31),有显著性差异(χ2=4.53P<0.05);两组主要毒副反应为血液和神经毒性。生活质量改善率分别为82.6%和60.0%,有显著性差异(χ2=4.78,P<0.05)。MTTP及MST差异亦具有显著性。结论OHLF3和FOLFOX4方案治疗晚期胃癌的疗效均较好,毒副反应能耐受,在完全缓解率生活质量改善率及MTPP和MST方面OHLF3方案优于FOLFOX4方案。     

三种肺癌化疗方案的药物经济学分析

目的探讨肺癌不同治疗方案治疗效果的药物经济学分析。方法93例肺癌患者,根据不同治疗方案随机分为第一、第二和第三组。运用药物经济学成本-效果分析方法对3组治疗方案进行回顾性分析、评价。结果第一组(NP 250方案)显效率53.13%,一个疗程费用13683元;第二组(NP 500方案)和第三组(NP方案)显效率分别为64.52%和46.67%,一个疗程费用分别为13922元和13443元。第二组方案优于第一组和第三组。结论药物经济学在优化治疗方案,指导合理用药,提高经济效益,节约卫生资源方面具有重要意义。