汉黄芩苷对缺氧复氧诱导H9c2心肌细胞损伤及P38和ERK1/2表达的影响

目的 探讨汉黄芩苷（Wog）对缺氧复氧诱导H9c2心肌细胞损伤及P38和ERK1/2表达的影响。方法 培养心肌细胞H9c2构建缺氧复氧模型（A/R）,给予Wog低、中、高剂量（12.5、25、50 μM）处理24h,采用CCK8检测48 h后细胞活力,Hochest染色检测细胞凋亡,ELISA检测细胞上清液中心肌损伤标记物［肌酸激酶（CK）,肌酸激酶同工酶（CK MB）、肌红蛋白（Mb）］和炎性细胞因子［白介素6（IL-6）、白介素1β（IL-1β）和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）］的含量,生化试剂盒检测氧化应激指标［超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）及乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）］的含量,Western blot检测相关蛋白［B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因（Bcl-2）、Bcl-2相关x蛋白（Bax）、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3（Caspase-3）、Caspase-9］、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶P38及细胞外调节激酶（ERK1/2）的表达。 结果 低、中、高剂量Wog处理缺氧复氧模型细胞H9c2,细胞存活率、Bcl-2及SOD的表达显著升高,凋亡率、Bax、Caspase-3、Caspase-9、CK、CK-MB、Mb、IL-6、IL-1β、iNOS、MDA、LDH、P38及ERK1/2的表达显著降低（均P＜0.05）。 结论 汉黄芩苷可通过改善炎症反应和氧化应激损伤,减少心肌细胞的凋亡,对缺氧复氧诱导H9c2心肌细胞损伤具有一定的保护作用,可能与下调P38、ERK1/2磷酸化有关。     

闭角型青光眼患者红细胞免疫功能与EPO和ET-1的相关性

目的：探讨闭角型青光眼患者红细胞免疫功能与血清促红细胞生成素(EPO)和血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)的相关性。

方法：选取2017-06/10期间我院收治的闭角型青光眼患者30例(病例组)与眼部正常者30例(对照组)为研究对象。测定并比较两组受试者红细胞免疫功能、血清EPO和血浆ET-1浓度,分析之间的相关性。

结果：病例组受试者红细胞C3b受体花环率明显低于对照组(10.81%±2.01% vs 18.06%±3.44%),红细胞免疫复合物花环率明显高于对照组(17.21±3.49% vs 11.74±2.14%),血清EPO浓度明显高于对照组(26.10±5.22 mU/mL vs 22.68±4.06mU/mL),血浆ET-1浓度明显高于对照组(70.85±7.16ng/L vs 58.43±5.09ng/L)。闭角型青光眼患者红细胞C3b受体花环率与血清EPO浓度呈显著正相关(r=0.271,P<0.05),与血浆ET-1浓度无明显相关性。

结论：闭角型青光眼患者红细胞免疫功能与血清EPO浓度呈正相关。     

Calpastatin participates in the regulation of cell migration in BAP1-deficient uveal melanoma cells

AIM: To detect how BRCA-associated protein 1 (BAP1) regulates cell migration in uveal melanoma (UM) cells. METHODS: Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to detect UM cell migration abilities. Protein chip, immunoprecipitations and surface plasmon resonance analyses were applied to identify BAP1 protein partners. Western blot and calpain activity assays were used to test the expression and function of calpastatin (CAST). RESULTS: CAST protein was confirmed as a new BAP1 protein partner, and loss of BAP1 reduced the expression and function of CAST in UM cells. The overexpression of CAST rescued the cell migration phenotype caused by BAP1 loss. CONCLUSION: BAP1 interacts with CAST in UM cells, and CAST and its subsequent calpain pathway may mediate BAP1-related cell migration regulation.     

Vascular modulation through exercise improves chemotherapy efficacy in Ewing sarcoma

Recent studies in mouse models of cancer have shown that exercise improves tumor vascular function, thereby improving chemotherapy delivery and efficacy. However, the mechanisms underlying this improvement remain unclear and the effect of exercise on Ewing sarcoma (ES), a pediatric bone and soft tissue cancer, is unknown. The effect of exercise on tumor vascular hyperpermeability, which inversely correlates with drug delivery to the tumor, has also not been evaluated. We hypothesized that exercise improves chemotherapy efficacy by enhancing its delivery through improving tumor vascular permeability. We treated ES‐bearing mice with doxorubicin with or without moderate treadmill exercise. Exercise did not significantly alter ES tumor vessel morphology. However, compared to control mice, tumors of exercised mice had significantly reduced hyperpermeability, significantly decreased hypoxia, and higher doxorubicin penetration. Compared to doxorubicin alone, doxorubicin plus exercise inhibited tumor growth more efficiently. We evaluated endothelial cell sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptors 1 and 2 (S1PR1 and S1PR2) as potential mediators of the improved vascular permeability and increased function afforded by exercise. Relative to tumors from control mice, vessels in tumors from exercised mice had increased S1PR1 and decreased S1PR2 expression. Our results support a model in which exercise remodels ES vasculature to reduce vessel hyperpermeability, potentially via modulation of S1PR1 and S1PR2, thereby improving doxorubicin delivery and inhibiting tumor growth more than doxorubicin alone does. Our data suggest moderate aerobic exercise should be tested in clinical trials as a potentially useful adjuvant to standard chemotherapy for patients with ES.     

LAT1表达水平与非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者术后复发风险的相关性研究

目的：探讨L型氨基酸转运蛋白1(L-type amino acid transporter 1,LAT)表达水平与非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者术后复发风险的相关性。方法：选取2021年2月至2022年2月于重庆医科大学附属永川医院接受手术治疗的非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者108例作为研究对象,采用反转录酶聚合酶链反应测定膀胱癌组织(取自肿瘤所在部位区域)和癌旁组织(取自邻近正常区域组织)LAT1表达含量,对比膀胱癌组织和癌旁组织LAT1表达水平。同时根据膀胱癌组织LAT1表达含量的二分位数将所有患者分为高表达组和低表达组,对比2组临床病理参数。随访观察12个月观察2组术后复发情况,采用Kaplan-Meier曲线分析对比2组术后复发风险,使用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型确定术后复发的影响因素。结果：膀胱癌组织LAT1表达水平(1.80±0.35)较配对的癌旁组织LAT1表达水平(1.05±0.17)高(P<0.05);LAT1高表达组吸烟史、临床分期T₁占比较LAT1低表达组高(P<0.05);108例膀胱肿瘤患者术后的平均随访时间为(10.84±1.94)个月,...     

内皮高表达脂多糖相关因子1通过影响NF-κB信号通路促进糖尿病小鼠皮肤创面愈合的研究

目的 探讨内皮高表达脂多糖相关因子1（endothelial-overexpressed lipopolysaccharide-associated factor 1,EOLA1）对2型糖尿病小鼠皮肤创面促愈合效果及机制。方法 选取SPF级6周龄db/db糖尿病小鼠,构建全层皮肤创面模型,在创口周边注射EOLA1高表达慢病毒。小鼠分为正常对照组、空载体慢病毒组、EOLA1慢病毒组。除正常对照组外,拍照记录不同时期小鼠创口愈合情况,造模第15天取创口及周边皮肤,HE染色观察创面肉芽组织及炎性浸润,Masson染色观察创面胶原纤维沉积,免疫荧光检测ARG1、iNOS观察巨噬细胞分型,Western blot及Real-time PCR检测NF-κB信号通路IκB-α、p-IκB-α、p65蛋白表达和EOLA1、TLR4、TNF-α、IL-1β基因表达水平。结果 与空载慢病毒组相比,EOLA1慢病毒组小鼠皮肤伤口愈合速度加快,肉芽组织及胶原纤维形成增多。EOLA1慢病毒组M2型巨噬细胞标志物ARG1表达升高,M1型巨噬细胞标志物iNOS表达降低。EOLA1慢病毒组IκB-α蛋白表达升高,p-IκB-α蛋白表达降低,TNF-α、IL-1β基因表达水平下调。结论 EOLA1可抑制糖尿病小鼠皮肤创面局部炎症,加速创面愈合,其机制可能为通过上调巨噬细胞内IκB-α表达,封闭p65活性,从而抑制炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β的释放,巨噬细胞的表型也表现为从促炎症的M1型向促愈合的M2型转变。提示EOLA1在糖尿病创面具有抗炎促愈的潜力。     

不同启动子指导的HSV1-sr39TK/GCV系统对小鼠淋巴细胞的敏感性研究

目的观察慢病毒载体中不同启动子指导的突变型单纯疱疹病毒1型胸苷激酶(HSV1-sr39TK)基因在小鼠T淋巴细胞内的表达差异,并进一步比较对丙氧鸟苷(ganciclovir,GCV)的敏感性。方法用亚克隆技术将PCR扩增的HSV1-sr39TK基因分别连接至慢病毒载体不同启动子后,然后在HSV1-sr39TK基因后以内部核糖体进入位点(internal ribosome entry sites,IRES)连接绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent pro-tein,GFP)报告基因;采用三质粒包装系统包装病毒,将病毒感染刀豆蛋白A(concanavalin,ConA)激活的小鼠淋巴细胞,分别用流式细胞术、RT-PCR法鉴定HSV1-sr39TK和GFP基因在小鼠淋巴细胞的表达,用Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)法观察感染不同病毒的淋巴细胞对前体药物GCV的敏感性。结果不同启动子指导的HSV1-sr39TK及GFP基因均可在小鼠淋巴细胞表达,巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus,CMV)启动子驱动表达能力最强,磷酸甘油激酶(phosphoglycerokinase,PGK)启动子最弱。感染含CMV启动子病毒的淋巴细胞对GCV的IC50值最小。结论在小鼠淋巴细胞内CMV启动子驱动的慢病毒载体HSV1-sr39TK基因表达最强,对前体药物GCV敏感性最高。     

Propofol inhibits the malignant development of osteosarcoma U2OS cells via AMPK/FΟΧO1-mediated autophagy

It has previously been reported that propofol regulates the development of human osteosarcoma (OS). However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of propofol on OS remain poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the effects of propofol on OS U2OS cells and the potential underlying mechanism. The Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays were performed to assess cell viability and proliferation. Furthermore, cell apoptosis was assessed using the TUNEL assay and western blotting. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate OS cell migration and invasion abilities, respectively. The protein expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-, autophagy- and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/FOXO1 signaling pathway-related proteins were also determined using western blotting. The results demonstrated that propofol significantly reduced the viability of OS cells and promoted autophagy in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, cell treatment with propofol significantly enhanced the protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-AMPK and FOXO1, while decreasing the protein levels of p-FOXO1. Furthermore, treatment with propofol significantly suppressed cell viability, migration and invasion abilities and the EMT of OS cells, and potentially promoted cell apoptosis via inducing autophagy via the AMPK/FOXO1 signaling pathway. In summary, the present study indicated that propofol potentially had an inhibitory effect on the development of OS cells via AMPK/FOXO1-mediated autophagy. These results have therefore provided an experimental basis for further studies into the therapeutic effect of propofol on OS.