早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿的影响因素及中医证型分布规律

目的探讨早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿的影响因素,及中医证型在早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿患者不同孕周的分布规律。方法选取2017年3月～2018年3月期间江西省妇幼保健院确诊的100例早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿并住院治疗的患者为研究组,另选择100例本院待产人群中孕早期无先兆流产症状者为对照组。比较两组不良生活习惯(包括接触化学污染物、严重负面情绪、服用激素药物)、流产次数及早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿的中医证型分布规律(包括血瘀阻滞证、湿热内蕴证、阴虚血热证、血热证、气血虚弱证、肾气亏虚证)。结果研究组不良生活习惯明显高于对照组(P0.05);研究组流产次数与对照组比较有明显差异(P0.05);早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿患者不同孕周的中医证型分布规律差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论患者的不良生活习惯和流产次数是早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿的主要影响因素;孕妇的孕周和早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿的中医证型分布有密切关系,且肾气亏虚证是早期先兆流产合并绒毛膜下血肿中医证型的主要证型。     

A Patient with Classical Polyarteritis Nodosa Evolving into End Stage Renal Failure

Classical polyarteritis nodosa (c-PAN) is a form of systemic necrotizing vasculitis mainly affecting medium-size arteries, is not associated with renal glomerular disease and acute renal failure. Perirenal hematoma can be seen in up to fifty percent of c-PAN patients and minority of them develop mild renal impairment. Herein, we describe a 34-year-old male with c-PAN who presented with rapidly progressive renal failure and evolved into end stage renal disease.     

大脑中动脉瘤伴侧裂区血肿的诊治策略

目的 探讨大脑中动脉动脉瘤(MCAAs)伴侧裂区血肿的诊断及手术治疗经验. 方法 同顾性分析解放军总医院神经外科自2006年11月至2011年5月收治的21例MCAAs伴侧裂区血肿患者的临床资料,探讨显微外科手术治疗MCAAs伴侧裂区血肿的经验. 结果 本组患者中12例行单纯动脉瘤夹夹闭,8例行动脉瘤重新塑形并多枚动脉瘤夹夹毕,1例行动脉瘤孤立、颞浅动脉大脑中动脉架桥术;患者出院时GOS评分:4～5分16例;3分3例;2分1例;1分1例,其中神经功能障碍好转者15例,神经功能障碍无变化4例,神经功能障碍加重者1例,死亡1例. 结论 MCAAs伴侧裂区血肿,应防止误诊为高血压脑出血,显微外科手术中行载瘤动脉血流监测及体感诱发电位监测可提高治疗效果.     

颅内血肿微创清除术联合亚低温治疗高血压脑出血的临床疗效研究

目的探讨颅内血肿微创清除术联合亚低温治疗高血压脑出血的临床疗效。方法将符合标准的51例高血压脑出血患者,随机分成观察组(26例)和对照组(25例),观察组使用微创清除术联合亚低温进行治疗,对照组使用单独微创清除术进行治疗。比较2组患者治疗后的疗效及格拉斯哥(GCS)评分神经功能缺损(CSS)程度评分。结果观察组治愈率与总有效率分别为23.1%,88.5%,均显著性高于对照组的4.0%,48.0%(P0.05)。术后7d与14d观察组GCS评分为6.77±1.80与9.38±2.92,均显著性高于对照组的4.62±1.74与4.55±2.85(P0.05)。术后7d、14d、21d观察组患者CSS评分分别为28.3±6.1、20.1±6.9与13.5±6.1,均显著性低于对照组的34.8±5.7、30.9±6.5与27.5±7.8(P0.05)。结论使用微创血肿清除术联合亚低温治疗HICH具有明显的疗效,同时对患者的预后具有较为明显的改善作用,值得临床推广使用。     

Acute Spontaneous Spinal Subdural Hematoma with Vague Symptoms

Spinal subdural hematoma is a rarely reported disease and spontaneous spinal subdural hematomas (SSDH) without underlying pathological changes are even rarer. The patients usually show typical symtoms such as back pain, quadriplegia, paraplegia or sensory change. But rarely, patients may show atypical symptoms such as hemiparesis and misdiagnosed to cerebrovascular accident. We recently experienced a case of SSDH, where the patient initially showed vague symptoms, such as the sudden onset of headache which we initially misdiagnosed as subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this case, the headache of patient improved but the neck pain persisted until hospital day 5. Therefre, we conducted the MRI of cervical spine and finally confirmed SSDH. The patient was managed conservatively and improved without recurrence. In this case report, we discuss the clinical features of SSDH with emphasis on the importance of an early diagnosis.     

肾上腺素对颅内微创血肿清除术患者的影响

目的探讨肾上腺素对颅内微创血肿清除术后的影响。方法对86例基底节区脑出血行微创血肿清除术,术后随机分成两组。A组使用尿激酶加肾上腺素液化血肿,B组予常规尿激酶液化血肿。将两组治疗结果进行临床对比。结果 A组43例中,恢复良好生活能自理27例(62.79%),部分生活自理中残10例(23.26%),重残4例(9.30%),死亡2例(4.65%)。B组43例中恢复良好生活能自理的22例(51.16%),部分生活自理中残12例(27.91%),重残5例(11.63%),死亡4例(9.30%)。术后第1天复查头颅CT,血肿体积A组明显比B组小;两组术后血肿体积及神经功能评分存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论颅内微创血肿清除术后尿激酶加肾上腺素液化血肿,治疗效果明显优于常规尿激酶液化血肿。肾上腺素对于颅内血肿有明显收缩血管、止血、防止血肿因尿激酶溶解血块后继发性出血作用。     

两种不同颅骨钻孔引流方式治疗老年慢性硬脑膜下血肿的对比研究

目的针对两种不同颅骨钻孔引流术方式（单孔与双孔）治疗老年慢性硬脑膜下血肿的临床疗效进行对比分析。方法将我院从2006年5月至2010年9月收治的180例病患随机均分为两组。分别采用颅骨单孔引流术和颅骨双孔引流术治疗，并进行病情复查及随访，对疗效结果与改善情况进行统计对比分析。结果两种不同颅骨钻孔引流术均有较好清除血肿的治疗效果。单孔组治愈65例，有效21例，未愈4例，总治愈率72．2％（65／90），血肿复发率为17．8％（16／90）；双孔组治愈68例，有效20例，未愈2例，总治愈率75．5％（68／90），血肿复发率为6．7％（6／90）。两组治愈率数据差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；两组血肿复发率数据差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论两种不同的颅骨钻孔引流术均可取得良好手术治疗效果，双孔引流术可降低术后血肿复发率。     

Subepicardial Aneurysm: Echocardiographic Evaluation and Evolution

Subepicardial aneurysms (SEA) are an infrequent and serious form of subacute cardiac rupture complicating myocardial infarction. An early diagnosis and surgical repair may be life saving. SEA comprise an abrupt interruption of the myocardium, with a narrow neck and thin wall containing only the epicardium. It may progress to fatal cardiorrhexis. We describe the echocardiographic evolution of this type of cardiac rupture and the contribution of contrast-enhanced echocardiography. A possible pathophysiological mechanism is proposed.     

Myocardial Hematoma Documented by Transthoracic Echocardiography After Sequential Coronary Artery Stenting

We report the case of a patient who deteriorated suddenly while undergoing endoluminal coronary artery reconstruction with multiple stents to the left anterior descending coronary artery. With the aid of transthoracic echocardiography, a pericardial effusion was noted; however, dissection of the ventricular wall due to a large myocardial hematoma was also identified. Emergency exploration with evacuation of the pericardial blood with coronary artery bypass graft surgery was successfully accomplished. We discuss the possible factors that could have been associated with this unforeseen complication and the potential benefit of transthoracic echocardiography in early recognition.