Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a hypopressive exercise program on postmenopausal cancer survivors: A pilot study

BackgroundCancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common symptom during and after cancer treatment that negatively affects the patient's quality of life. Exercise is one of the most effective non-pharmacological treatments for CRF. Multimodal exercise therapy programs that include hypopressive exercises, relaxation and myofascial release may be beneficial for CRF. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a multimodal program on CRF and lower limb functional strength in postmenopausal women diagnosed with cancer.Methods7 postmenopausal women (age = 55.28 years; BMI = 26.05 kg/m2) who had a cancer diagnosis participated in a supervised and progressive 55-min class once per week for 12-weeks. CRF was measured using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Cancer Related Fatigue 12 and lower limb strength was assessed with the sit and stand test.ResultsNo adverse events were reported during the training period and all participants completed the exercise protocol. There was a significant increase (p = 0.01) in lower limb functional strength (pre: 19.60 (SD = 2.19) vs post: 24.60(SD = 2.19)) with an effect size of d = 2.28 and a decrease in CRF (p = 0.245) (pre: 29.36 ± 24.42; post: 17.85 ± 14.23) with a trivial effect size (d < 0.5).ConclusionsThese preliminary findings indicate that a supervised once per week multimodal program that includes hypopressive exercises for postmenopausal cancer survivors increased lower limb functional strength without exacerbating their CRF. These findings support further randomized trials of hypopressive training programs on patients with cancer.     

11种运动对老年肌少症患者身体功能改善效果的网状Meta分析

目的 通过网状Meta分析评价11种运动训练对老年肌少症患者身体功能、肌肉力量和肌肉质量改善效果的影响。方法 检索Web of Science、Pub Med、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库中关于运动训练对老年肌少症患者身体功能、肌肉力量和肌肉质量改善效果的随机对照试验。检索时限为建库至2022年1月。采用Stata 15.0软件进行网状Meta分析。结果 纳入34项研究,共2 199例患者。网状Meta分析结果表明,与非运动对照组相比,阻力训练、小组综合训练、八段锦、全身振动训练、家庭综合训练可改善老年肌少症患者的身体功能（P<0.05）;阻力训练和壶铃训练可改善老年肌少症患者的握力（P<0.05）;阻力训练可改善老年肌少症患者的骨骼肌指数（P<0.05）。结论 在改善老年肌少症患者身体功能、肌肉力量和质量方面,阻力训练是目前最优的运动干预措施,其次为小组综合训练和全身振动训练,但仍需更多研究进一步论证。     

Effects of a single bout of power exercise training on ambulatory blood pressure in older adults with hypertension: A randomized controlled crossover study

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of a single bout of power exercise training (PT) on office and ambulatory blood pressure (BP).MethodsTwenty-four older adults with essential hypertension participated in two experimental sessions in a randomized order: the PT composed of 3 sets of 8–10 repetitions in 5 power training exercises and the non-exercise control at seated rest (Con). Both experimental sessions lasted 40 min. Office BP was measured continuously for 1 h in the laboratory and 24 h BP through ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.ResultsCompared with Con, office systolic/diastolic BP decreased after PT (Systolic BP: 10 mmHg, p < 0.001; Diastolic BP: 4 mmHg, p = 0.015). A trend toward decrease (p = 0.06) was found in diastolic ambulatory BP during daytime (2 mmHg; p = 0.062) and nighttime (3 mmHg; p = 0.063) after PT. No differences were found between PT and Con sessions for systolic and mean ambulatory BP.ConclusionA single bout of PT decreases office BP but this hypotensive effect is not sustained under ambulatory conditions in older patients with essential hypertension.     

不同年龄盆底功能障碍性疾病患者的盆底肌电分析

目的:探究不同年龄段盆底功能障碍性疾病患者盆底肌的肌电差异,以期为盆底功能障碍性疾病的临床治疗提供参考。方法:选取符合入选和排除标准的PFD患者580例,按年龄将其分为A组(≤29岁)163例、B组(30~39岁)161例、C组(40~49岁)114例、D组(50~59岁)128例和E组(≥60岁)14例。对5组患者行...     

The effectiveness of mental imagery for improving strength in an asymptomatic population

Abstract

Background:

Strength training is one focus for physiotherapy management to help restore function. However, conventional strength training requiring an active muscular contraction is not always possible. Mental imagery (MI) has been proposed as a viable alternative to strength training without the need for actual movement.

Objective:

To investigate whether MI is effective in achieving strength gains in an asymptomatic population.

Methods:

A systematic review of key databases was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and risk of bias assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Education (GRADE). Studies were included if they were a randomised control trial (RCT), clinical control trial (CCT) or pre-post study investigating the effect of an MI protocol for improving strength in asymptomatic adult populations.

Results:

From 639 articles, 28 full texts were assessed and six were included for review. These studied effect of MI on strength improvements for 5th finger abductors (n?=?53), quadriceps (n?=?51), elbow flexors (n?=?51), ankle dorsiflexors (n?=?51) and plantarflexors (n?=?51). Strength gains were reported in all muscle groups with the exception of elbow flexors. MI may be more effective for muscle groups with larger motor cortex representation, especially 5th finger abductors.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that a course of MI can increase strength greater than a control group but less than a physical practice (PP) group within this population. The findings of this study provide promising clinical implications for use of MI for improvements or maintenance of strength within a patient group unable to actively strengthen due to pain or immobilisation.     

盆底肌肉生物反馈康复锻炼方案在不同类型压力性尿失禁患者中的应用价值

[目的] 探讨盆底肌肉生物反馈康复锻炼方案在不同类型压力性尿失禁(Stress urinary incontinence,SUI)患者中的应用价值.[方法] 选择2013年1月至2016年1月在本院收治的SUI患者146例,按照不同类型分为围绝经期SUI(围绝经期组)和产后SUI(产后组),每组73例,均采用盆底肌肉生物反馈康复锻炼治疗8周,比较两组治疗前后盆底肌力、1 h尿垫实验结果、总体疗效、国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷表简表(ICI-Q-SF)评分、盆底障碍影响简易问卷7(PFIQ-7)评分及依从性.[结果] 治疗后两组患者的盆底肌力、1 h尿垫实验结果、总体疗效、ICI-Q-SF评分、PFIQ-7评分与治疗前比较均有显著改善,且产后组患者改善的幅度较大;两组患者在合理用药、定期复查、合理饮食等五项医生要求的项目上依从性情况较好,但产后组患者的依从性情况更好(P<0.05).[结论] 盆底肌肉生物反馈康复锻炼法有助于SUI盆底肌力的恢复,依从性较好,相对围绝经期SUI,产后SUI效果更好,值得在临床推广应用.     

Acute effects of different rest intervals between agonist-antagonist paired-sets in the neuromuscular system performance of young adults

IntroductionThe agonist-antagonist paired-sets (APS) is a resistance training that involves alternating between exercises for agonist/antagonist muscles of a joint, with little or no rest between then. There is evidence that APS is more strenuous than traditional methods, but evidence on the optimal RI between agonist-antagonist actions is unknown.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare different rest intervals between agonist-antagonist actions during APS in young adults.MethodFifty healthy men (mean age 23.2 ± 2.8 years; 1.76 ± 0.1m height, 78.03 ± 8.1 kg) were included and performed three different agonist-antagonist paired-sets protocols separated by 72h, consisting of 4 sets of 10 repetitions. The protocols differed in terms of the rest interval between the knee flexion and extension movements: 0s (no rest); 60s and 120s. The rest intervals between exercise sets were standardized at 60s. Total work, peak torque, neuromuscular efficiency, surface EMG amplitude (sEMG, root mean square) and fatigue index obtained by processing of sEMG signal, were compared between rest intervals and exercise sets within each protocol.ResultsThere were no significant differences between rest intervals for total work, peak torque and neuromuscular efficiency (P > 0.05), but significant differences were found for sEMG and fatigue (P < 0.01), in which the protocol with 60s interval resulted in greater fatigue.ConclusionWe showed that peak torque, total work and neuromuscular efficiency were not different between RI. The 60s RI showed a lower sEMG and a greater muscle fatigue. Although there were no significant differences, the NME was higher in the 60s interval.     

Interaction effects of different orders of resistance exercises and rest intervals on performances by young athletes

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to verify the acute effects of different exercise orders and rest intervals between sets on young athletes performance.MethodSixteen young male football players (73.2 ± 4.8 kg, 177.5 ± 5.1 cm, BMI 23.2 ± 1.1, 19.8 ± 0.9 years) completed six experimental strength training (ST) sessions with different exercise order sequences (A and B) and rest interval lengths (1 min, 3 min, and self-selected).In Sequence A the exercises were: bench press (BP), back squat (BS), biceps curl (BC) and plantar flexion (PF); while Sequence B was performed in the opposite order (i.e. PF, BC, BS and BP).The total work volume (TWV) per exercise (sets x repetitions x load) and per training session (sum of the TWV of all exercises) were evaluated for all ST sessions.ResultsBC and PF exercises presented higher TWV in sequence B (p ≤ 0.05). Already, the exercises BP, BS and PF presented higher TWV with 3 min and self-selected rest intervals (p ≤ 0.05). The 3-min and self-selected rest intervals presented higher values of TWV per training session compared to the 1-min rest interval (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionThe exercise order influenced certain exercises (BC and PF), which presented higher TWV when positioned at the beginning of a sequence. While the longer rest intervals (3 min and self-selected) resulted in higher TWV per exercise (BP, BS and PF) and per training session. These results suggest that self-selected rest interval can be implemented to increase training efficiency in young athletes.     

Impact of two different pulmonary rehabilitation methods in children with down syndrome

PurposeTo investigate and compare the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation of respiratory muscles with that of inspiratory muscle training as a preventive measure on respiratory muscle strength, chest expansion, spirometry, and functional capacity in children with Down syndrome.MethodsForty-five Down syndrome participants with an age ranged from 10 to 13 years were enrolled. There were distributed into three groups. The study group A (n = 15) underwent proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation of respiratory muscles while study group B (n = 15) underwent inspiratory muscle training. Third group C (n = 15) was a control group. The three groups received aerobic exercises using the bicycle ergometer for 20 min, 5 times/week for 12 successive weeks. The treatment program for both study groups was conducted for 20–30 min, 5 times/week for 12 successive weeks. Measurements of respiratory muscle strength (MIP, MEP), chest expansion, spirometry test (VC, FEV1, PEFR, MVV) and 6 min walk test were measured pre and post treatment.ResultsThe post treatment mean values of all investigated variables were significantly increased in both study groups with higher effect to group underwent proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation of respiratory muscles.ConclusionBoth proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation of respiratory muscles and inspiratory muscle training are effective in children with Down syndrome on improving respiratory muscle strength, chest expansion, spirometry and functional capacity with superior effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.     

Effects of eight-week “gyroscopic device” mediated resistance training exercise on participants with impingement syndrome or tennis elbow

Background

Rehabilitation of injuries in the upper extremity and reestablishment of muscle strength throughout the range of motion in overhead movements, are the major concerns of athletes and coaches in the sports field.