Delivery of TFPI-2 using ultrasound with a microbubble agent (SonoVue) inhibits intimal hyperplasia after balloon injury in a rabbit carotid artery model

Here we report a new, simple and efficient method by using ultrasound and a microbubble agent (SonoVue) for delivering a gene to balloon-injured carotid arteries for restenosis prophylaxis. The tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) has been shown to inhibit the postinjury intimae hyperplasia in atherosclerotic vessels. New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups with 14 in each, a treatment control for balloon injury, a gene vehicle control, a gene delivery of TFPI-2 without using ultrasound and a gene delivery of TFPI-2 using ultrasound. After four weeks, the injured artery neointimal proliferation was significantly lower in the TFPI-2 group with ultrasound than the control groups (p < 0.01) according to the measurement of the mean luminal diameters by B-mode ultrasonography. The ratio of intimal/media area and the stenosis rate in the gene delivery facilitated by ultrasound were significantly lower than those of the nonultrasound gene delivering method (p < 0.01).     

超声造影在眼部占位疾病诊断的应用

目的研究超声造影在眼部占位疾病诊断中的应用价值。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象常规超声检查不能确定诊断的表现为眼部占位性疾病的患者306例（309眼）。方法将超声造影剂Sono Vue2．4ml经肘静脉弹丸式推注后行眼部超声造影检查。观察眼部正常组织及病变内的造影剂随时间的灌注变化情况,实时录像记录供脱机分析使用。主要指标造影剂在眼部病变内的填充情况（开始充盈时间、持续时间等）,造影剂充盈的形态特点和强化是否均匀等。结果306例（309眼）患者的眼部正常组织内均可观察到造影剂填充,病变内有260例（263眼）（84．97％）显示造影剂填充,填充方式为“团状”完全强化、“抱球状”向心强化、不均匀强化等。46例（46眼）（15．03％）病变内无造影剂填充。强化病例诊断为占位性病变者257例（260眼）（98．85％）,诊断为炎症者3例（3眼）（1．15％）。无造影剂填充的病例均诊断为出血。结论超声造影对于眼部占位疾病的诊断可提供重要的鉴别诊断信息,为更准确地诊断眼部占位病变提供帮助。     

超声/微气泡SonoVue介导体内和体外基因转导的研究

目的初步探讨超声联合微气泡超声造影剂SonoVue介导体外培养细胞和体内肌肉组织基因转导的可行性,并研究不同超声波参数和基因用量与转基因效率之间的关系。方法利用不同强度和不同剂量超声波和声学造影剂SonoVue,介导人肝癌细胞株HepG2和BALB／c小鼠右侧胫前肌内增强型绿色荧光蛋白报告质粒的转导,分别直接或组织冰冻切片后在荧光显微镜下观察,并计算转导效率。结果超声联合微气泡造影剂SonoVue可介导体外培养的HepG2细胞和小鼠胫前肌内pEGFP-C1基因转导,HepG2细胞以1MHz 1．5W／cm^2超声波基因转导效果最好;小鼠胫前肌以1MHz3W／cm^2的超声波转基因效果最好。结论超声联合微气泡造影剂SonoVue可介导体外培养细胞和体内肌肉组织基因转导,1MHz超声波是转基因的理想频率。     

腮腺多形性腺瘤与腺淋巴瘤的超声造影研究

目的探讨超声造影在诊断涎腺多形性腺瘤和腺淋巴瘤中的价值。方法应用百胜DU-8高频造影探头,注射声诺维1.2 mL,连续实时观察2.5 min,观察和分析肿块造影剂信号的填入时间、峰值时间、峰值强度和填充面积。结果超声造影剂有效地增强了肿瘤血管的对比,提供了更为丰富的肿瘤血管灌注、分布和流动情况,腮腺多形性腺瘤的峰值时间比腺淋巴瘤提前,峰值强度比腺淋巴瘤弱,但无显著性差异。结论彩色多普勒对肿瘤的低速血流信号仍不敏感,但超声造影剂可以提供肿瘤的血管网和供血情况。     

雪瑞欣及声诺维经阴道动态三维子宫输卵管超声造影评价输卵管通畅性的对比研究

目的本研究旨在比较雪瑞欣(全氟丙烷人血白蛋白微球注射液)和声诺维(SonoVue)经阴道动态三维子宫输卵管超声造影(TVS RT-3D-HyCoSy)对不孕女性输卵管通畅性的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析在行TVS RT-3D-HyCoSy的120例患者的临床资料,且所选患者造影后均行腹腔镜美兰通液术(LC)。将120例患者随机分为两组。第一组60例(120条输卵管)应用雪瑞欣行3D-HyCoSy,第二组60例(120条输卵管)应用声诺维行3D-HyCoSy。然后将两组患者的检查结果与LC结果进行比较。结果与腹腔镜LC结果相比,雪瑞欣TVS RT-3D-HyCoSy诊断输卵管通畅、通而不畅、阻塞的诊断符合率分别为94%(47/50)、81.6%(31/38)、90.6%(29/32),总符合率89.2%(107/120);声诺维TVS RT-3D-HyCoSy诊断输卵管通畅、通而不畅、阻塞的诊断符合率分别为92.5%(49/53)、83.3%(30/36)、90.3%(28/31),总符合率89.2%(107/120)。两组评估输卵管通畅性的诊断符合率无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论...     

Assessment of metastatic liver disease in patients with primary extrahepatic tumors by contrast-enhanced sonography versus CT and MRI

AIM: To evaluate contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using SonoVue(?) in the detection of liver metas-tases in patients with known extrahepatic primary tumors versus the combined gold standard comprising CT, MRI and clinical/histological data. METHODS: It is an international multicenter study, and there were 12 centres and 125 patients (64 males, 61 females, aged 59±11 years) involved, with 102 patients per protocol. Primary tumors were colorectal in 35%, breast in 27%, pancreatic in 17% and others in 21%. CEUS using SonoVue(?) was employed with a low-mechanical-index technique and contrast-specific software using Siemens Elegra, Philips HDI 5000 and Acuson Sequoia; continuous scanning for at least five minutes. RESULTS: CEUS with SonoVue(?) increased significantly the number of focal liver lesions detected versus unen-hanced sonography. In 31.4% of the patients, more lesions were found after contrast enhancement. The total numbers of lesions detected were comparable with CEUS (55), triple-phase spiral CT (61) and MRI with a liver-specific contrast agent (53). Accuracy of detection of metastatic disease (i.e. at least one metastatic lesion) was significantly higher for CEUS (91.2%) than for un-enhanced sonography (81.4%) and was similar to that of triple-phase spiral CT (89.2%). In 53 patients whose CEUS examination was negative, a follow-up examination 3-6 months later confirmed the absence of metastatic lesions in 50 patients (94.4%). CONCLUSION: CEUS is proved to be reliable in the detection of liver metastases in patients with known extra-hepatic primary tumors and suspected liver lesions.     

Surface Charge Measurement of SonoVue,Definity and Optison: A Comparison of Laser Doppler Electrophoresis and Micro-Electrophoresis

Microbubble (MB) contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is a promising tool for targeted molecular imaging. It is important to determine the MB surface charge accurately as it affects the MB interactions with cell membranes. In this article, we report the surface charge measurement of SonoVue, Definity and Optison. We compare the performance of the widely used laser Doppler electrophoresis with an in-house micro-electrophoresis system. By optically tracking MB electrophoretic velocity in a microchannel, we determined the zeta potentials of MB samples. Using micro-electrophoresis, we obtained zeta potential values for SonoVue, Definity and Optison of −28.3, −4.2 and −9.5 mV, with relative standard deviations of 5%, 48% and 8%, respectively. In comparison, laser Doppler electrophoresis gave −8.7, +0.7 and +15.8 mV with relative standard deviations of 330%, 29,000% and 130%, respectively. We found that the reliability of laser Doppler electrophoresis is compromised by MB buoyancy. Micro-electrophoresis determined zeta potential values with a 10-fold improvement in relative standard deviation.