初匀速法预测制川乌的有效期

目的:采用化学动力学方法预测制川乌有效期。方法:采用HPLC测定苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱、苯甲酰新乌头原碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱、新乌头碱含量,流动相乙腈(A)-40 mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液(B)梯度洗脱(0~45 min,30%~45%A;45~65 min,45%~50%A;65~75 min,50%~55%A;75~80 min,55%~65%A;80~85 min,65%A),检测波长240 nm。采用初均速法对制川乌药材进行加速试验并预测其有效期,考察不同温度下制川乌药材中双酯型生物碱和单酯型生物碱含量变化情况。结果:制川乌在室温条件下贮存期0.69年。结论:高温不利于制川乌的稳定,初均速法可为制川乌药材有效期的建立提供参考。     

空斑减少中和试验与血凝抑制试验测定血清抗麻疹病毒抗体的比较

为了对比空斑减少中和试验与血凝抑制试验在评价人血清抗麻疹病毒抗体测定结果时的异同，对３２８名３－６月龄儿童接种沪１９１麻疹疫苗前后的血清样本用以上两种方法进行了测定。结果表明，在测定免前血清抗麻疹病毒抗体时，空斑减少中和试验比血凝抑制试验灵敏，在测定免后血清抗麻疹病毒抗体时，两种方法测定结果无显著性差异。空斑减少中和试验能测出婴儿血甭中存在的极少量的母传抗体，在考核母传抗体对麻疹疫苗免疫效果的影响     

浙江省永康市大肠癌机会性筛查结果分析

[目的]了解机会性筛查在永康市大肠癌防治中的可行性.[方法]采用问卷调查及粪便隐血试验(FOBT)对40～74岁人群进行初筛,确定高危人群后,进行结直肠镜精筛,分析筛查对象的依从性、大肠的病变情况和大肠癌的早诊早治情况.[结果] 36 679人完成了初筛,其中FOBT的依从率为51.10％;评估高危人群5941人,进行肠镜检查5431人,检出各种大肠病变患者1006例,其中大肠癌患者163例,早期大肠癌患者54例,大肠癌的早诊率为59.48％,各种大肠病变的治疗率为98.51％.[结论]机会性筛查适合于永康市大肠癌的筛查,可检出更多大肠癌,特别是早期大肠癌及癌前病变.     

平板运动试验阳性的女性患者冠脉造影结果分析

目的 探讨女性平板运动试验(TET)假阳性的原因及颈动脉斑块检查对冠心病无创性诊断的意义.方法 对96例TET阳性的女性患者进行冠脉造影(CAG)及颈动脉斑块检查,对三种检查结果进行比较,回顾性分析女性患者出现平板运动试验假阳性的原因.结果 CAG证实为冠心病(CHD)58例(占60.4%),非CHD 38例(占39.6%);颈动脉斑块检查阳性者71.2%被证实为CHD,而阴性者仅36.7%被证实为CHD;非CHD 38例中临床最后诊断:心血管神经症20例,高血压病4例,单纯血脂异常4例,糖尿病3例,X综合征2例,高血压合并糖尿病2例,冠状动脉心肌桥2例,心尖部肥厚型心肌病1例.结论 平板运动试验假阳性与心血管神经症、X综合征、冠状动脉肌桥、高血压病、糖尿病等因素有关,心血管神经症为最常见病因.TET结合颈动脉斑块检查可显著提高冠心病无创性检查的诊断率.     

三脂清中7种成分的含量测定及醇提工艺优化

目的 采用HPLC-MS/MS同时测定蒙药三脂清中胡椒碱、荜茇宁、柯里拉京、没食子酸、鞣花酸、槲皮素、芦丁的含量，并优化三脂清的醇提工艺。方法 采用Shim-pack GIST-HP C₁₈色谱柱（2.1 mm×100 mm，3 mm），以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇为流动相，梯度洗脱，流速为0.25 mL·min^-1，进样量2 μL；质谱采用电喷雾离子源，正、负离子扫描切换，多重反应监测模式进行定量分析。采用L₉（3⁴）正交试验设计，以上述7种成分含量的综合评分为考察指标，以料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取次数为考察因素进行三脂清醇提工艺优化。结果 三脂清中7种成分的峰面积和质量浓度在一定范围内均呈现良好的线性关系（r ≥ 0.999 1），仪器精密度、重复性、稳定性试验的RSD均<5%；加样回收率为99.54%~105.32%，RSD为1.39%~4.33%。最佳醇提工艺条件为料液比1：8，乙醇浓度40%，提取时间0.5 h，提取3次。3次放大试验验证结果显示，上述7种成分的平均含量分别为9.852，0.587，16.247，3.657，8.663，0.119，0.104 mg·g^-1。结论 建立的方法简便、灵敏、高效，可用于三脂清中多种主要活性成分的含量测定；优化所得的醇提取工艺稳定、可行。     

中医健康状况量表的研制

 【目的】 在中华文化背景下和中医理论指导下研制中医健康状况量表推动国内量表的研究,丰富和发展国际量表内涵?【方法】 遵照国际通用量表研制的程序化方法,在中华文化背景下和中医理论指导下,结合国际生存质量相关概念内涵,建立中医健康状况量表的理论模型?建立条目池?编制包括40个条目的初选量表?通过对60人(健康人30名?患者30名)进行初选量表的文化适应研究,再次修改并形成了包括35个条目的终选调查表,用其对300例样本(包括100名健康人?100名门诊患者和100名住院患者)进行了现场调查?【结果】 通过专家重要性评分和对回收有效的273例临床调查资料的离散度分析?因子分析?相关系数和内部一致性分析等统计分析筛选条目,根据不同分析结果选中的条目综合考虑,形成了由8个方面?30个条目组成的中医健康状况量表?初步考核结果表明,该量表具有良好的结构效度(CFI=0.919);精力?疼痛?饮食?大便?小便?睡眠?情绪?体质8个方面的克朗巴赫信度系数分别为0.8102?0.8298?0.7885?0.6331?0.5253?0.8161?0.8701?0.5638;健康人与门诊患者和住院患者三组8个方面方差分析结果表明P值均 < 0.01?【结论】中医健康状况量表是按照国际通用的方法研制而成的,为中医药的临床疗效评价提供了一个有效的工具?     

Changes in Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Spleen-Qi Deficiency Syndrome

Many functional diseases are related to dysautonomia, and heart rate variability has been used to assess dysautonomia. However, heart rate variability has not been studied in Spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome (SQDS). Healthy volunteers (n = 37) and patients with SQDS (n = 67), recruited from the Clinic of the State University of Ecatepec Valley were included in the study. Outcome measures were average heart rate, standard deviation of the normal-to-normal heartbeat intervals, low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) power, and the LF/HF ratio. Also, intestinal peristalsis, gastrointestinal symptoms (GSs), fatigue, and level of attention were measured. Standard deviation of the normal-to-normal heartbeat intervals (17 ± 2.3%) and HF (14 ± 3.1%) were lower in SQDS patients (17 ± 1.3%) than in healthy volunteers. SQDS patients had higher heart rate, LF power, LF/HF ratio, and fatigue scores (9.6 ± 1.12%, 16 ± 2.1%, 22 ± 3.8%, and 21 ± 4.1%). The fatigue correlated positively with the LF/HF ratio and negatively with HF power. The SQDS group had lower concentration performance (16.2 ± 1.9%) in the d2 test. The intestinal peristalsis showed a reduction (15 ± 1.3%) as compared with control. GS score and peristalsis correlated negatively with HF. Our results suggest that the pathology of SDQS could be associated with a low vagal tone which causes a decrease in peristalsis, increased fatigue, reduced attention, and appearance of GSs.     

Large-scale analysis of interindividual variability in single and paired-pulse TMS data

ObjectiveThis study brought together over 60 transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) researchers to create the largest known sample of individual participant single and paired-pulse TMS data to date, enabling a more comprehensive evaluation of factors driving response variability.MethodsAuthors of previously published studies were contacted and asked to share deidentified individual TMS data. Mixed-effects regression investigated a range of individual and study level variables for their contribution to variability in response to single and paired-pulse TMS data.Results687 healthy participant’s data were pooled across 35 studies. Target muscle, pulse waveform, neuronavigation use, and TMS machine significantly predicted an individual’s single-pulse TMS amplitude. Baseline motor evoked potential amplitude, motor cortex hemisphere, and motor threshold (MT) significantly predicted short-interval intracortical inhibition response. Baseline motor evoked potential amplitude, test stimulus intensity, interstimulus interval, and MT significantly predicted intracortical facilitation response. Age, hemisphere, and TMS machine significantly predicted MT.ConclusionsThis large-scale analysis has identified a number of factors influencing participants’ responses to single and paired-pulse TMS. We provide specific recommendations to minimise interindividual variability in single and paired-pulse TMS data.SignificanceThis study has used large-scale analyses to give clarity to factors driving variance in TMS data. We hope that this ongoing collaborative approach will increase standardisation of methods and thus the utility of single and paired-pulse TMS.     

Cross-neutralization between vaccine and circulating wild-type mumps viruses in Korea

Mumps is a contagious disease caused by the mumps virus. It can be prevented using mumps vaccines, administered as a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. For first and second dose immunization, children aged 12–15 months and 4–6 years have been administered this vaccine since 1997 in Korea. Nevertheless, mumps outbreaks still occur in vaccinated populations worldwide. Hence, immunity against these diseases may be attenuated, or there are antigenic differences between currently available vaccine strains and circulating wild-type viruses. After the introduction of national immunization programs in Korea, mumps cases became sporadic. Viral genotypes F, H, and I have emerged since 1998 whereas the vaccine strains belong to genotype A. Here, we compared the amino acid sequences of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene from wild-type viruses and the mumps vaccine and measured the cross-neutralization titers between them. We selected the F, H, and I wild-type mumps strains circulating in Korea from 1998 to 2016 and analyzed changes in the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the HN gene. We measured mumps virus-specific IgG and rapid focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) titers in Korean isolates and sera obtained from 50 children aged 1–2 years who had been administered a single dose of MMR vaccine. Analysis of the HN protein sequences disclosed no changes in the glycosylation sites but did reveal 4–5 differences between the Korean isolates and the genotype A vaccine strain in terms of the neutralizing epitope sites on their HN proteins. Post-vaccination FRNT titers were significantly lower against genotypes F, H, and I than they were against genotype A. This finding highlights the possibility of a recurrence of mumps outbreaks in vaccinated populations depending on the degree of genetic conservation of the HN gene. Further research into this issue is needed to prevent the resurgence of mumps.