红外线短波紫外线照射对感染伤口愈合的影响

目的：探讨红外线、短波紫外线照射对感染性伤口愈合的影响。方法：用随机方法将７２例感染伤口病人分为Ａ、Ｂ两组,每组３６例,Ａ为治疗组：在消炎、伤口换药基础上加用红外线、短波紫外线照射伤口７天,Ｂ为对照组：单纯消炎、伤口换药。结果：Ａ组治愈２８例,显效８例,有效率１００％。Ｂ组治愈１４例,显效１２例,无效１０例,有效率７２％,统计学处理Ｘ＾２＝１５．４７Ｐ〈０．０１,两组有显著差异。结论：红外线、短波     

Effect of Percoll wash on sperm motion parameters and subsequent fertility in intrauterine insemination cycles

Purpose This study examined sperm motion parameters as measured by computerized automated semen analysis before and after a Percoll wash and determined if differences in any parameter were correlated with fertility subsequent to intrauterine insemination (IUI).Results Total motile sperm decreased following the washing procedure from 79.0 ± 9.0 to 37.2 ± 7.6 million sperm. Motility increased from a mean of 43.4% to 61.7% (P<0.001). Other motility parameters also changed significantly (P<0.001) as follows: curvilinear velocity (VCL), 43.4 to 61.7 m/s; straight-line velocity (VSL), 21.3 to 26.7 m/s; linearity 53.1 to 45.2%; lateral head displacement (ALH), 2.97 to 3.94 m. Similar changes occurred following a swim-up preparation, although changes in mean motility, VCL, and ALH were significantly greater when compared to Percoll. The postwash changes were not accounted for merely by time lapse in preparation since reanalyzed untreated controls did not show the same changes in motion parameters. Prewash linearity in those specimens which resulted in pregnancies was greater than in those which did not (P=0.28). No other significant differences in pre-or post-Percoll washed sperm motion parameters were found between pregnant vs nonfertile cycles.Conclusion Following Percoll wash all CASA-generated motility parameters were significantly altered, but there was little association between these parameters and pregnancy achieved in IUI cycles.Presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Fertility Society, San Antonio, Texas, November 5–10, 1994.     

Validation of the STR system FES/FPS for forensic purposes in an Austrian population sample

The short tandem repeat system FES/FPS was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 211 unrelated Austrians and analysed by horizontal, non-denaturing electrophoresis. The allele distribution was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No mutations were found in 25 families (50 meioses). The mean exclusion chance was 0.49, the discriminating power 0.86 and the heterozygosity rate 74.4%. Amplification could be achieved with as little as 100 pg of high molecular weight DNA, which could be reduced to 75 pg by using 32 instead of 30 cycles. By reamplifying 1 l for another 15 cycles, the threshold could be reduced to less than 20 pg. In a degradation experiment DNA extracted from bloodstains stored for up to 24 days in a moist chamber and DNA boiled for up to 18 min could be amplified.     

The use of the STRs HUMTH01, HUMVWA31/A,HUMF13A1, HUMFES/FPS,HUMLPL in forensic application: Validation studies and population data for Galicia (NW Spain)

The 5 tetranucleotide short tandem repeats, HUMTHOI, HUMVWA31/A, HUMF13A1, HUMFES/FPS and HUMLPL were studied using different electrophoretic methods and PCR amplification conditions in order to optimize the typing conditions. A genetic population study in the population of Galicia was carried out and the allele and genotype frequencies are given. Compliance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested using different statistical parameters, with clear advantages resulting in favor of using the exact test (Guo-Thompson method) instead of conventional chi-square methods. Some statistical parameters of forensic interest (PD, CE, h) were also calculated. There were no mutations found in a total of 73 paternal meioses and 101 maternal meioses. Abnormal electrophoretic mobility was found in the AT-rich STR HUMF13AI under non-denaturing conditions and, therefore, the use of denaturing conditions is absolutely necessary. No "stutter" bands were found, although double peaks in the HUMFES/FPS system were observed in some samples. The advantage of using automated sequencers with fluorescent technology is also reported.     

A new method of STR interpretation using inferential logic -development of a criminal intelligence database

Abstract A short tandem repeat (STR) system consisting of seven multiplexed loci has recently been introduced in the UK to support a National strategy to create large DNA databases for criminal intelligence purposes. The process uses automated sequencers, employing dye-labelled primers. Identification of tetrameric loci such as HUMTH01 are straightforward. Sizing windows are estimated by running a series of control allelic ladders on several gels and unknown samples are designated if they fall within a defined window. However, utilisation of complex STRs (eg. D21 S 11) characteristically have common variants which differ by just 2 bp. In addition, rare alleles are encountered which may differ by just 1 by from a common variant. To assist with the identification of alleles, we have introduced a series of allelic ladders, so that direct comparisons with unknown samples can be made on the same gel. To designate an allele, it should be within 0.5 by of an allelic ladder marker. Not all alleles (in particular rare alleles) can be included within an allelic ladder, however their expected positions can be easily calculated by reference to existing alleles in the ladder. Measurement of band shift is also a useful diagnostic tool. A series of guidelines are described to enable reliable allelic identification. These guidelines can be converted into computer programmes, which form the basis of an expert system.     

Completely covered cloacal exstrophy: recognition of a new clinical sub-entity

A case showing many of the typical visceral features of cloacal exstrophy is reported. The patient had fn imperforate anus, a cecal-cloacal fistula, dehiscence of the pubiic symphysis, and lumbosacral spina bifida with synsingomyelia, but the lower abdominal wall was intact without any visceral extroversion. The pertinent literature was reviewed, and it was found that this case corresponded to t typical case of completely covered cloacal exstrophy. Only six cases, including the present one, have so far been reported in the literature. From a clinical viewpoint, it apparently occupies an intermediate position in the wide spectrum of cloacal anomalies between classical cloacal exstrophy and imperforate anus with recto-cloacal fistula, but anatomatically and embryologically it is definitely a variant of cloacal exstrophy. In other words, it looks like an imperforate anus with recto-cloacal exstrophy, but should be treated as a variant of loacal exstrophy. The anatomy, classification, embryology, diagnosis, and management of this peculiar surgical condition are discussed, and recognition of this entity is urged.     

高位隐睾应用“长袢输精管”睾丸固定术12例报告

对于高位隐睾不能Ⅰ期手术降入阴囊者采用了“长袢输精管”固定术,共治疗12例17侧隐睾,16侧效果满意。随访中对睾丸部位、大小、弹性作了估价。认为手术成功的关键在于高位切断精索、保留输精管血管及睾丸引带侧支。     

中国汉族人群遗传性聋基因座位STR位点的遗传多态性研究

目的 研究中国汉族人群10个遗传性聋基因座位的短串连重复序列(STR)的遗传多态性。方法 应用PCR方法对10个位点进行扩增，变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离，记录基因型。采用PPAP软件计算正常人各STR位点等位片段频率、基因型频率、预期基因型频率、多态信息量(PIC)和Hardy-Weinberg平衡吻合性检验。结果 中国汉族人群D6S287、D8S1132、D13S1275、D15S130、D1S2726、D4S3038、D2S2380、D22S282、D14S1042、D7S529各位点分别检出10个、9个、8个、7个、7个、7个、6个、6个、6个及5个等位片段，多态性分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。各位点PIC值分别为0．879、0．854、0．864、0．821、0．686、0．794、0．764、0．732、0．773、0．712；杂合度均高于0．7。结论 中国汉族人群10个位点STR均具有较高的杂合度和多态信息量，是较理想的遗传标记。     

海洛因依赖者在第19、20、21和22号染色体上的易感基因位点的分析

目的:筛查海洛因依赖者在第19、20、21和22号染色体上的易感基因的位点.方法:对10例海洛因依赖者和其正常同胞对照者的第19、20、21和22号染色体进行以短串联重复序列(short tandem repeats,STR)为遗传标记的基因扫描分析.结果:D20S195和D22S423位点的等位基因在海洛因依赖组和其正常同胞对照组之间分布有显著性差异(P＜0.05),其它STR位点的等位基因在海洛因依赖组和其正常同胞对照组之间分布没有显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:D20S195和D22S423位点附近可能存在海洛因依赖的易感基因.     

Timed intercourse after intrauterine insemination for treatment of infertility

Objective: To compare the pregnancy rates, between intrauterine insemination (IUI) followed by timed intercourse and IUI only for treatment of the infertile couples. Study design: A prospective study of two different protocols of intrauterine insemination in two hundred and one infertile couples with a normal spermiogram was carried out. Of these, 101 couples were treated with IUI alone and 100 couples had both IUI and timed intercourse within a 12-18 h period. The pregnancy rates were compared between groups. Results: The characteristics of the two groups were similar in terms of the mean age, as well as the duration and causes of infertility. The cycle characteristics following follicular stimulation were also similar between two groups. The pregnancy rate per cycle increased with increasing numbers of total motile sperm per insemination in the IUI alone group (P=0.045). Timed intercourse increased pregnancy rate in patients with lower motile sperm number (<40×10⁶) (27.7% versus 10.5%, P=0.023), but not in patients with higher sperm number (≥40×10⁶) (25.7% versus 22.7%, P=0.671). Conclusions: In IUI with low number of motile sperm inseminated, timed intercourse significantly increases the pregnancy rates over IUI alone in infertile couples with a normal sperminogram. This alternative treatment appears to be a practical, simple, and inexpensive addition that improves the pregnancy rate in patients receiving ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination program.