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991.
Yudai Fujiwara Hidekatsu Kuroda Tamami Abe Kazuyuki Ishida Takuma Oguri Sachiyo Noguchi Tamotsu Sugai Naohisa Kamiyama Yasuhiro Takikawa 《Ultrasound in medicine & biology》2018,44(11):2223-2232
The purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) for the detection of hepatic steatosis in comparison with the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), using histopathology as the reference standard. We prospectively analyzed 163 consecutive chronic liver disease patients who underwent UGAP, CAP, computed tomography and a liver biopsy on the same day between April 2016 and July 2017. Radiofrequency signals corresponding to the images were compensated by the reference signal previously measured from the uniform phantom with known attenuation (0.44 dB/cm/MHz). The attenuation coefficient was calculated from the signals’ decay slope. The median attenuation coefficient values in patients with S0 (n?=?62), S1 (n?=?63), S2 (n?=?23) and S3 grade (n?=?15) were 0.485, 0.560, 0.660 and 0.720, respectively. Significant correlations were found between attenuation coefficient and percentage steatosis, CAP values and liver-to-spleen computed tomography attenuation ratio (p < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of UGAP for identifying ≥S1, ≥S2 and ≥S3 were 0.900, 0.953 and 0.959, respectively, which were significantly better than the results obtained with CAP for identifying ≥S2 and ≥S3. In conclusion, UGAP had high diagnostic accuracy for detecting hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic liver disease 相似文献
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993.
Melatonin improves insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis through attenuation of alpha‐2‐HS‐glycoprotein
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Jee‐In Heo Dae Wui Yoon Ji Hee Yu Nam Hoon Kim Hye Jin Yoo Ji A. Seo Sin Gon Kim Kyung Mook Choi Sei Hyun Baik Dong Seop Choi Nan Hee Kim 《Journal of pineal research》2018,65(2)
Melatonin plays an important role in regulating circadian rhythms. It also acts as a potent antioxidant and regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, although the exact action mechanism is not clear. The α2‐HS‐glycoprotein gene (AHSG) and its protein, fetuin‐A (FETUA), are one of the hepatokines and are known to be associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine whether melatonin improves hepatic insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in a FETUA‐dependent manner. In HepG2 cells treated with 300 μmol/L of palmitic acid, phosphorylated AKT expression decreased, and FETUA expression increased, but this effect was inhibited by treatment with 10 μmol/L of melatonin. However, melatonin did not improve insulin resistance in FETUA‐overexpressing cells, indicating that improvement in insulin resistance by melatonin was dependent on downregulation of FETUA. Moreover, melatonin decreased palmitic acid‐induced ER stress markers, CHOP, Bip, ATF‐6, XBP‐1, ATF‐4, and PERK. In addition, in the high‐fat diet (HFD) mice, oral treatment with 100 mg/kg/day melatonin for 10 weeks reduced body weight gain to one‐third of that of the HFD group and hepatic steatosis. Insulin sensitivity and glucose intolerance improved with the upregulation of muscle p‐AKT protein expression. FETUA expression and ER stress markers in the liver and serum of HFD mice were decreased by melatonin treatment. In conclusion, melatonin can improve hepatic insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis through reduction in ER stress and the resultant AHSG expression. 相似文献
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《Expert review of anticancer therapy》2013,13(1):27-34
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are a diverse group of natural nanoparticles that are most well known for their role in cholesterol transport. However, HDLs have diverse functions that provide significant opportunities for cancer therapy. Presented is a focused review of the ways that synthetic versions of HDL have been used as targeted therapies for cancer, and as vehicles for the delivery of diverse therapeutic cargo to cancer cells. As such, synthetic HDLs are likely to play a central role in the development of next-generation cancer therapies. 相似文献
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《Pharmaceutical biology》2013,51(5):589-594
An activity-directed fractionation and purification process was used to isolate 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH?) scavenging components from fruits of Capparis spinosa L. (Capparaeae). Ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions showed greater DPPH? scavenging activities compared to the petroleum ether fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to purification using column chromatography. A new antioxidant cappariside (4-hydroxy-5-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid, 1), together with seven known organic acids (2–8) for the first time from plants of genus Capparis and four known organic acids (9–12) were isolated from C. spinosa. The structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic. In addition, compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 10 and 12 indicated strong scavenging capacity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals with a SC50 value of 0.204?±?0.002, 0.007?±?0.0, 0.011?±?0.0, 0.044?±?0.0016, 0.032?±?0.0, 0.090?±?0.001, and 0.350?±?0.017?mM, respectively. 相似文献