血清Hcy、IMA、炎性因子水平与非ST段抬高急性心肌梗死患者冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的:探索血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、缺血修饰蛋白(IMA)及各炎性因子与非ST段抬高急性心肌梗死(NSTEMI)患者冠状动脉病变程度的相关性.方法:将符合入选标准并经临床确诊的96例NSTEMI患者作为研究组,另外选择30例健康体检者作为对照组,检测其血清Hcy、IMA及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平,并分析各因子与NSTEMI患者冠状动脉病变程度的相关性.结果:NSTEMI患者Hcy、IMA及TNF-α、IL-6、hs-CRP水平与健康对照组比较均有明显增加,且差异存在统计学意义(P＜0.05);NSTEMI冠状动脉双支病变组患者Hcy、IMA及TNF-α、IL-6、hs-CRP水平与单支病变组进行比较均有明显增加,而多支病变组患者上述各项指标与双支病变组进行比较均有明显增加,且各组间差异均存在统计学意义(P＜0.05);Hcy、IMA及TNF-α、IL-6、hs-CRP水平与冠状动脉病变程度均呈明显正相关(P＜0.05).结论:非ST段抬高急性心肌梗死患者Hcy、IMA及TNF-α、IL-6、hs-CRP水平均较健康对照组明显增加,且随患者冠状动脉病变程度增加而增加.     

Incidence of Overuse Musculoskeletal Injuries in Military Service Members With Traumatic Lower Limb Amputation

Objective

To describe the incidence of overuse musculoskeletal injuries in service members with combat-related lower limb amputation.

Ultrasound-Guided Versus Landmark-Guided Local Corticosteroid Injection for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Objective

To review the literature and assess the comparative effectiveness of ultrasound-guided versus landmark-guided local corticosteroid injections in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Effects of Gender and Comorbidity on Problem Drinking in a Community Sample

We investigated the influence of gender, comorbidity, drinking history, and age on the clinical manifestations of DSM-III alcohol abuse and/or dependence in men and women. The sample was drawn from the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area study, a large-scale, multicenter survey to investigate psychiatric disorders in the community. The results showed that gender and comorbidity had independent effects on problem drinking after drinking history and age had been taken into account. Gender contributed to the age of onset of problem drinking and the rate of its development. Comorbidity, drinking history, and age contributed independently to its severity. The effects of these variables in this community sample paralleled those reported in treatment samples.     

Association of diet quality,physical activity,and abdominal obesity with metabolic syndrome z-score in black and white adolescents in the US

Background and aimsMetabolic syndrome (MetS) affects ～10% of adolescents and is associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. The most prevalent MetS component is abdominal obesity. Healthy diet and physical activity (PA) are inversely associated with abdominal obesity and may reduce MetS risk in youth. Our aim was to examine associations of diet, activity, and abdominal obesity with MetS z-score (MetS-z).Methods and resultsAn analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2016 data in adolescents was performed. Healthy Eating Index (HEI)- 2015 scores were calculated for diet quality, PA habits were used to determine alignment with national guidelines, and abdominal obesity was assessed by sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD). MetS-z represented severity or potential risk for MetS. Multivariable regression evaluated the relationships of HEI, SAD and PA with MetS-z. Among 1214 black and white adolescents, SAD was significantly associated with MetS-z [β (95% CI) = 0.17 (0.16, 0.19); P <0.0001] while HEI-2015 components showed associations with MetS-z overall (HEI total, dairy, and sodium scores), and by sex (total, refined grains, dairy for males; added sugar, protein, whole grains for females). Mean HEI-2015 score was 47.4/100 (51.6 using the population-ratio method), and the proportion of adolescents meeting national PA guidelines was 37.6%, yet PA was not a significant predictor of MetS-z.ConclusionsUS adolescents have poor diet quality and fewer than half meet PA guidelines. Strategies for preventing MetS and related conditions in adolescence should focus on weight management – specifically, abdominal fat reduction – with individualized diet counseling.     

脂联素基因SNP-11377多态性与冠脉病变程度相关性研究

目的探讨在中国上海地区汉族人群中脂联素基因（APM1）启动子序列单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与冠脉病变程度的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）方法，分析了325例冠脉造影结果和脂联素启动子序列单核苷酸多态性（-11377G／C）的关系．研究设立了冠心病组（CAD）和正常对照组，并根据冠脉造影结果按照不同病变支数及Gensini评分将分成不同病变组，分析-11377位点基因型及基因频率的差异性。结果（1）冠心病组脂联素基因-11377位点多态性GC、GG基因型频率与对照组比较，显著高于对照组，差异有极显著性（χ^2=12．619，P〈0．05）；（2）冠心病患者脂联素-11377位点G等位基因频率显著高于正常人（χ^2=11．291，P〈0．05）；（3）根据冠脉造影结果冠脉不同病变支数各组比较，脂联素-11377位点基因型差异无显著性（χ^2=11．575，P〉0．05），而等位基因频率具有显著差异性（χ^2=11．582，P〈0．05）；（4）按Genisini标准冠状动脉不同积分各组之间比较脂联素基因型间差异无显著性（χ^2=10．983，P〉0．05），但等位基因频率具有显著差异性（χ^2=8．978，P〈0．05）。结论脂联素SNP-11377G／C各种基因型与冠心病有关，与冠状动脉粥样硬化病变程度无关，而等位基因频率不但与冠心病显著相关，并且与冠状动脉病变程度有关。