子宫内膜异位症患者血清及腹腔液中血小板衍生生长因子、血管细胞粘附分子水平的变化及其意义

目的通过检测子宫内膜异位症(EMs)患者血清及腹腔液中血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)、血管细胞粘附分子-(VCAM-1)浓度,探讨PDGF和VCAM-1在EMs发病中的作用。方法选取手术后病理证实为EMs的40例患者为EMs组,其中I~II期17例,III~IV23例;非EMs组20例作为对照组。应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清及腹腔液中PDGF和VCAM-1水平。结果EMs组血清及腹腔液中PDGF、VCAM-1水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。随EMs期别的增加,其血清和腹腔液中PDGF、VCAM-1含量呈上升趋势;EMsIII~IV期水平显著高于I~II期(P<0.05)。EMs患者PDGF与VCAM-1呈正相关性(P<0.05)。结论EMs患者PDGF、VCAM-1表达水平升高,在EMs的发生发展中具有重要作用。     

茶叶中微量锰的新催化光度法测定

利用于氨三乙酸存在下，锰（Ⅱ）对高碘酸钾氧化二甲苯蓝ＦＦ的催化效应，建立了一个新的测定微量锰的动力学分光光度法。该法检出限为６×１０￣（－２）ｎｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１），线性范围为０．２～８．０ｎｇ·２．５ｍｌ￣（－１），常见离子基本不干扰测定。用于直接测定健齿茶和茉莉花茶中的锰含量，结果发现，锰含量分别为２２１４μｇ·ｇ￣（－１）及６４８μｇ·ｇ￣（－１）。此法简便易行，灵敏度高。     

评价酶联免疫检测血清CYFRA21—1对非小细胞肺癌的诊断价值

目的评价检测ＣＹＦＲＡ２１┐１对非小细胞肺癌的诊断价值。方法用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定７０例肺癌（ＬＣ）其中４７例非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ），３例小细胞肺癌（ＳＣＬＣ）和２０例未分型肺癌、６４例肺部良性疾病患者及４０例健康人血清ＣＹＦＲＡ２１┐１浓度。试验的诊断性能用相对操作特征（ＲＯＣ）分析法估测之。结果测得全阈诊断准确率（ＯｖｅｒａｌＤｉａｇ┐ｎｏｓｔｉｃＡｃｃｕｒａｃｉｅｓ）ＬＣ为０．７５、ＮＳＣＬＣ为０．７６，ＳＱＣ为０．８３，ＡＤＥ为０．６７和ＳＣＬＣ为０．３８。在相应于特异性为０．９５的界定值３．４７μｇ／Ｌ处，各型的灵敏度分别为ＳＱＣ０．６２，ＬＣ０．５３，ＮＳＣＬＣ０．５１，ＡＤＥ０．４８和ＳＣＬＣ０．００。结论结果显示ＣＹＦＲＡ２１┐１是ＮＳＣＬＣ较灵敏和特异的一个标志物。未观察到ＴＮＭ各期间该标志物的平均水平有明显的差异；然而异常升高水平的患者的比例随病期的进展而显著增加，提示一系列检测ＣＹＦＲＡ２１┐１水平可能有助于监查ＮＳＣＬＣ患者的疗效。     

示波极谱法测定植物中痕量锰

本文介绍在乙二胺介质中用JP-2型示波极谱仪测定植物中痕量锰的方法.锰量在2～500ng/ml范围内与催化极谱电流呈线性关系,常见20多种元素不干扰测定.本法简便、快速、炅敏,准确.回收率在90～110%之间.用本法测定植物中锰的结果与原子吸收法和分光光度法的测定结果非常吻合.     

血清亚硝酸盐的快速测定

目的：建立一种无需去蛋白的血清亚硝酸盐的快速测定方法。方法：加入蛋白活化剂后，直接用Ｇｒｉｅｓ试剂显色分光光度测定。结果：方法的检测下限为０．２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，相对标准差为５．１３％～８．８６％，回收率为９４．５％～９９．８％（平均为９７．８％）。血清ＮＯ－２浓度为１４．３８±０．２５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，批内变异系数为１．７５％，ＮＯ－２浓度为５．６９±０．２５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，批间变异系数为４．４６％。测定５５例正常人血清，得到血清中ＮＯ－２浓度的平均值分别为５．３６±２．１６ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ；对糖尿病病人血清测定结果表明，亚硝酸盐浓度明显高于正常人。与去蛋白的Ｇｒｉｅｓ试剂分光光度法比较，结果无统计学差异。结论：用蛋白活化剂替代蛋白沉淀剂，减少操作步骤和干扰，测定准确、简便、快速，适用于血清中ＮＯ－２的测定。     

急性有机磷中毒患者的血钾变化及临床意义的探讨

目的：探讨急性有机磷中毒患的血清钾变化及其临床意义。方法：对68例发病6小时内的急性有机磷中毒的患入院后测定血清钾，并根据不同的中毒程度、中毒方式、发病时间分组在比较，并设正常对照组对照。结果：中毒各组均有明显的低钾血症，与对照组比较均有显性意义（P＜0．01）,且重度中毒组与中、轻度组比较亦有显性意义（P＞0．05），但两种不同的中毒途径与不同的中毒时间的组间血清钾的比较无显性意义（P＞0．05）。结论：急性有机磷中毒可致明显的低钾血症，中毒越重，低钾血症越明显。在发病早期应注意监测血清钾的变化，及时纠正低血钾，预防或减轻中毒后严重合并症的产生。     

常见阴离子对血清氯离子选择性电极法测定的影响

目的:研究离子选择性电极在测定血清氯时的影响因素。方法:用E-555电解质分析仪测定氟化钠、溴化钠、碳酸氢钠、硫氰化钾、碘化钾、铁氰化钾、硫化钠以及叠氮钠溶液,并将溴化钠、硫氰化钾、碘化钾、铁氰化钾、硫化钠、叠氮钠分别加入Cl~-均值为100mmol/L的混合血清中观察其具体的干扰情况。结果:所测8种物质中氟化钠、碳酸氢钠的影响较小,而溴化钠、铁氰化钾、碘化钾、铁氰化钾、硫化钠、叠氮钠的影响较大。结论:溴离子、碘离子、硫离子、氢氰根离子、叠氮钠对离子选择性电极法影响性较大,我们在工作中应加以重视。     

老人自发与黑发中铜、锰、铁、锌、镁含量的比较

本文用原子吸收光谱法测定了延边地区65岁～108岁健康老人110人头发中的铜、锰、铁、锌及镁的含量,比较了66人的白发与44人的黑发中这些元素的含量差异.结果表明,白发中的锰和镁的含量明显低于黑发,但铜、锌、铁的含量则无明显差异.这些差别在男性很明显,但在女性则不甚明显.     

Special Pharmacokinetic Considerations in Children

Summary: Pediatric patients have greater degrees of pharmacokinetic variability and unpredictability than adults. This variability results from the effects of pharmacogenetics, age and growth, prior and current comedication, and disease. Newborns with seizures have the least predictable dosage requirements, and their needs change as drug-eliminating mechanisms mature in the neonatal period. Infants have the highest relative capacities to eliminate antiepileptics of any age group and require the largest relative doses. In addition to age-related trends, children demonstrate the same drug-specific, pharmacokinetic phenomena that adults do, including nonlinear phenytoin elimination, nonlinear valproate binding, and autoinduction of carbamazepine. Intercurrent illness and drug interactions further modify the age-related pharmacokinetic patterns in children and make dosage requirements even more unpredictable. Recent studies have shown that febrile illness can affect drug elimination, sometimes decreasing drug levels by 50% or more. Intermittent treatment with benzodiazepines administered either orally or rectally can be an important adjunct and help minimize this type of problem for children with marginally controlled epilepsy. Intermittent benzodiazepines are also helpful for children who have febrile seizures and who need only occasional antiepileptic protection.     

The Toxic Effects of Serum from Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus on Mouse Neuroblastoma Cells: A New Mechanism for Development of Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy

The pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy is incompletely understood. The possibility that humoral neurotoxic factors contribute as a cause of diabetic neuropathy was tested by application of serum from patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes to mouse neuroblastoma cells, which have the characteristics of adrenergic neurons in culture. Serum from patients with Type 1 diabetes and somatic neuropathy significantly inhibited both proliferation and differentiation of neuroblastoma cells, while serum from patients with Type 1 diabetes but no symptoms of neuropathy and patients with Type 2 diabetes and neuropathy had no effect on proliferation, and serum from Type 2 patients only marginally inhibited differentiation. The effects of Type 1 diabetic serum could be reversed by pre-absorption of the serum to neuroblastoma cells, and were independent of glucose levels. Immunoglobulins precipitated from the sera mimicked the effects of whole sera. These results suggest that Type 1 diabetes mellitus causes a change in serum composition, possibly related to autoimmunity, that is capable of contributing to adrenergic autonomic neuropathy in diabetic patients.