Parental Self-Efficacy and Morbidity in Pediatric Asthma

This study investigated the relationship between parental self-efficacy and asthma-related morbidity. Participants included 139 parents of children (ages 5-8) who were diagnosed with asthma and were primarily from lower-income and minority backgrounds. Parents completed a 22-item measure of self-efficacy; factor analysis was conducted on this measure, yielding two factors: learned helplessness and self-efficacy. Correlational analyses indicated that higher scores on the learned helplessness factor were significantly related to increased asthma-related morbidity for the majority of morbidity variables. The self-efficacy factor was significantly related to days of school missed. Regression analyses conducted with the factor scores and the morbidity variables provide further support that the learned helplessness factor accounts for a significant amount of the variance in asthma morbidity for many of the variables studied, while the self-efficacy factor was related to only a few. Although improving health outcomes of children with asthma is a multifaceted process, the results of this study suggest that targeting parental self-efficacy, particularly with parents who are experiencing high levels of perceived learned helplessness, may be a helpful component of an intervention program with this population.     

接纳与承诺疗法在中青年维持性血液透析患者中的应用

目的探讨接纳与承诺疗法对中青年维持性血液透析患者自我效能和创伤后成长的影响。方法采用方便抽样法,选择2018年2月—2019年2月在连云港市第二人民医院接受维持性血液透析的患者作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法,随机分为试验组和对照组各42例,对照组采用常规护理,试验组在常规护理的基础上实施接纳与承诺疗法干预,采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、创伤后成长量表(PTGI)比较两组干预效果。结果试验组1例中途退出研究,最终试验组41例、对照组42例患者完成研究。干预6周后,试验组患者GSES量表(30.85±3.12)分,PTGI量表总分(67.89±8.43)分,均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为12.254、10.002;P<0.05)。结论接纳与承诺疗法可改善中青年维持性血液透析患者创伤后成长水平,提高患者自我效能。     

微信平台构建在择期PCI术后患者双心管理中的应用研究

目的探讨基于移动社交应用平台实施远程、系统化的康复护理管理对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后出院患者心脏疾病与心理状态的影响。方法开设针对PCI术后患者"双心"管理专题微信公众号,内设视频宣教、健康咨询和病友社区三大板块。选取首次行择期PCI术的UAP患者70例,随机分为干预组与对照组,各35例。对照组仅接受心内科PCI术后常规健康宣教与出院指导;干预组在对照组基础上嘱患者关注该专题微信公众号参与本次研究,为期3个月。对比两组干预前后患者西雅图心绞痛量表(SAQ)以及一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评分。结果排除失访,最终纳入64例接受择期PCI术的UAP患者。出院3月后,干预组SAQ总分与GSES评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);干预前后比较,干预后SAQ总分与GSES评分较干预前有显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 "双心"康复护理管理可改善首次PCI术后患者出院后的生存质量,提高患者管理疾病的信心,在促进心脏健康的同时也增进了患者心理健康,符合现代"双心医学"的基本理念,值得在临床上推广应用。     

Both positive and negative beliefs are important in patients with spine pain: findings from the Occupational and Industrial Orthopaedic Center registry

Background Context

Negative beliefs are known to influence treatment outcome in patients with spine pain (SP). The impact of positive beliefs is less clear.

自我效能干预措施对恶性肿瘤放化疗患者癌痛、心理状态及生活质量的影响

目的探讨自我效能干预措施对恶性肿瘤放化疗患者癌痛、心理状态及生活质量的影响。方法选取2015年4月~2017年4月于该院收治的125例恶性肿瘤放化疗患者的临床资料进行研究,随机将其分为观察组与对照组,对照组62例患者给予常规护理措施,观察组63例患者在此基础上采用自我效能干预措施。记录并比较干预前后两组恶性肿瘤放化疗患者癌痛情况、自我效能水平、心理状态及生活质量,同时计算并比较护理满意度。结果干预后两组癌痛均明显减轻,且观察组癌痛缓解更为明显,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后两组自我效能评分均明显升高,且观察组自我效能评分升高更为明显,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后两组SAS、SDS评分均明显降低,且观察组患者SAS、SDS评分降低更为明显,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后两组SF-36量表8个维度评分均明显升高,且观察组患者SF-36量表8个维度评分升高更为明显,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组恶性肿瘤放化疗患者护理满意度98.41%(62/63)明显高于对照组患者79.03%(49/62),差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=2.943,P<0.05)。结论对恶性肿瘤放化疗患者给予自我效能干预措施可有效缓解患者癌痛、提高其自我效能水平、改善其心理状态以及提高其生活质量,值得推广应用。     

Persian version of the Moorong Self-Efficacy Scale: psychometric study among subjects with physical disability

Purpose: Self-efficacy plays a key role in varying areas of human conditions which can be measured by different scales. The present study was aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of Moorong Self-Efficacy Scale (MSES) in Iranian Subjects with Physical Disability (SWPD).

Method: Data were collected by face-to-face interviews and self-report surveys from 214 subjects. The face and content validity, and reliability were evaluated. Discriminates were evaluated between the sub-groups of disability levels, physical activity, and health condition levels. The concurrent, convergent, divergent, and construct validity were assessed by short form health survey scale (SF-36), general self-efficacy scale (GSES), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), respectively. Replaceable exploratory factor analysis was evaluated. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.

Results: There were acceptable face and content validity, and reliability. Furthermore, significant correlation was found between PSES and SF-36 (p?Self-efficacy was statistically different among the disability levels (p?=?0.02), physical activity levels (p?p?=?0.001). The correlation of Persian Self-Efficacy Scale (PSES) scores with GSES (r?=?0.61, p?R?=??0.53, p?Conclusions: The PSES is a valid, reliable and sensitive tool to measure the self-efficacy among SWPD for planning and managing of disability problems.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Psychometric properties of the Persian version of self-Efficacy scale (PSES) appear to be similar to original, English version.

• The PSES has been shown to have validity and reliability in Persian physical disables and can be used for patients with more different types of physical disability than individuals suffering from only Spinal Cord Injury (SCI).

• The PSES can be used in clinical practice and research work to evaluate the patients’ confidence in performing daily activities.

     

The quality of life and self-efficacy of Turkish breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

Self-efficacy has a positive effect on health behaviors, symptom control, compliance with cancer treatment, and quality of life. This study aims to describe the quality of life and self-efficacy of Turkish breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The sample consisted of 141 patients. Data was gathered using a Patient Information Form, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer (FACT-B), a scale about Strategies Used by Patients to Promote Health and the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist. All quality of life dimensions were negatively affected at a significant level. Following commencement of chemotherapy, there was an increase in the negative effect on physical well-being, emotional well-being and additional concerns subscales and total FACT-B and their self-efficacy was negatively affected to a moderate degree. However, a significant degree of change did not occur in the self-efficacy. During treatment the physical symptoms and psychological distress increased and the activity level was negatively affected. The quality of life and self-efficacy were influenced by personal and medical characteristics, showing consistency with similar studies. Because there are negative effects of cancer and chemotherapy on patients' quality of life and self-efficacy, nurses need to focus on designing psychosocial interventions to improve their self-efficacy and quality of life.     

基于自我效能理论的健康教育在维持性血液透析患者体重管理中的应用

目的探讨基于自我效能理论的健康教育在维持性血液透析患者体重管理中的应用效果,为血液透析患者体重管理提供健康教育依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2017年2月—2018年2月于烟台市烟台山医院行规律血液透析治疗的88例患者作为研究对象,根据患者透析时间将其分为观察组(48例)和对照组(40例)。对照组患者给予常规护理和健康教育,观察组在此基础上给予基于自我效能理论的健康教育。比较两组患者干预前后的体重控制情况和体重管理行为。结果最终对照组36例,观察组41例患者完成研究。两组患者干预前的体重管理行为得分和体重控制效果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者干预2个月后的体重增加百分率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的体重控制达标率为68.29%(28/41),高于对照组的41.67%(15/36),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.511,P=0.019)。观察组的饮食行为、一般状态管理及运动行为以及体重管理行为总分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的情绪管理行为得分与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论基于自我效能理论的健康教育能够改善血液透析患者体重管理行为和体重控制的效果。     

慢性下腰痛患者自我管理行为及影响因素分析

目的 调查慢性下腰痛患者自我管理行为现状,分析其影响因素。方法 应用便利抽样,于2019年1月-12月采用一般资料、慢性病自我管理行为量表、下腰痛疾病知识问卷、慢性病自我效能量表、社会支持评定量表对226例慢性下腰痛患者进行调查,采用多重线性回归分析探讨自我管理行为的影响因素。结果 慢性下腰痛患者自我管理行为总分(21.76±7.82)分；疾病知识、自我效能、社会支持、治疗方式、辅助工具使用史进入回归方程,解释慢性下腰痛患者自我管理行为总变异的51.3%。结论 慢性下腰痛患者自我管理水平较低,社会支持、疾病知识、自我效能、治疗方法、辅助工具应用史是其主要影响因素。建议在进行自我管理健康教育时,应考虑患者个体特点,采用针对性、适合的健康教育方式,提供多渠道健康信息获取方法,鼓励家庭参与,提高患者疾病知识和社会支持水平,增强自我效能,从而改善自我管理行为。