Mapa de las políticas nutricionales escolares en España

ObjectiveTo systematically describe the school nutritional policies of the 17 autonomous communities of Spain.MethodThrough a search of bibliographic databases, web pages and other official information systems, 183 documents of interest were identified. Information was systematically collected with the SNIPE (school nutrition index of programme effectiveness) questionnaire, adapted to Spain, and validated by reference staff of the regional government's health and education ministries.ResultsThe main objective of the policies is to prevent obesity and improve the nutrition of schoolchildren. The 17 autonomous communities cover the school canteen service, 11 cafeteria and vending machines, and 9 the breakfast service. All communities use the Consensus Document on School Food as a reference for the content of the menu and the nutritional quality of the products offered at the school; however, only 4 of them have regulated these aspects. The evaluation of policy objectives ranges from 58.8% of the autonomous communities for food supply to 5.9% for rotation and menu quality.ConclusionAlthough all the autonomous communities have standards for the school menu, the standards for the rest of the food supply vary across them; also, evaluation of objectives is scarce and only 4 communities have approved mandatory regulations. Nutritional standards should be reviewed according to current scientific knowledge and enacted by law, in compliance with the current legislation (Act 17/2011).     

豫南农村地区青少年校园暴力状况及其与性取向的关联分析

目的 了解豫南农村地区青少年校园暴力状况及性取向对其的影响,为豫南农村地区青少年校园暴力和身心健康干预提供借鉴。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法2019年在豫南农村地区对4214名青少年进行问卷调查。结果 豫南农村地区青少年遭受校园暴力的比例为50.65%。在不同年级、性别、父亲学历、母亲学历、学习成绩、性取向方面学生遭受校园暴力的比例相比较,差异均有统计学意义（〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗值分别为21.56、101.65、8.78、9.34、11.94、18.54,P＜0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析表明,同性恋（OR值为1.52,95%CI为1.01~2.28）、双性恋（OR值为1.69,95%CI为1.27~2.22）与青少年遭受校园暴力呈现正相关关系（P＜0.05或0.01）。结论 豫南农村地区青少年校园暴力状况不容乐观,应采取有效干预措施进行暴力行为的干预和引导,同时教导青少年理性面对同性恋或双性恋群体,减少或避免校园暴力的发生。     

我校医学检验系学生专业思想和在校成绩的调查分析

本文选取我校医学检验系93～96年级170余名本科在校学生作为调查研究对象(第一专业志愿与非第一专业志愿考生比例约为1:2),通过对这两部分学生专业志愿与在校专业思想,学习成绩及政治表现等综合素质方面的关系调查分析,结果表明：专业志愿不是影响学生专业思想、学习成绩和综合素质的主要因素,学生在校专业思想受在校教育和多种因素影响。提示招生录取新生时不应歧视非第一专业志愿考生。     

小学生学习困难综合干预前瞻性研究

目的 验证综合干预治疗小学生学习困难（ＬＤ）的效果。方法 ８４例ＬＤ学生分成干预组（４３例）和不干预组（４１例）作对照,用教育、家庭、学校干预和心理治疗及药物治疗进行综合干预。结果 二年后,干预组有效率（７６．７４％）、学习成绩及智商明显高于不干预组,ＬＤ和行为问题发生率明显低于后者（Ｐ〈０．０５～０．０１）。结论 综合干预是通过增强学生学习自信心,减少或消除心理行为问题,提高智力水平等综合发挥效     

Stress among student nurses: is it practical or academic?

Summary

• ? Previous research into stress among student nurses has only concentrated on the practical aspects of nursing and has ignored stress caused by the academic side of training. In comparing Registered General Nurse (RGN) and Diploma of Higher Education in Nursing (Dip. HE Nursing) students using a modified nurses stress scale, the intensity of stress was investigated.
• ? It was hypothesized that there would be a difference in the total stress scores between the two pre-registration education courses as well as within the practical and academic elements.
• ? Dip. HE Nursing students were significantly more stressed than RGN students, but equally for practical and academic elements. RGN students were significantly more stressed on the practical elements. Factors analysis clearly identified two factors: (i) the practical elements, and (ii) the academic elements of nursing. A third factor was also identified and this was related to stress induced by issues concerning death and suffering in the patient.
• ? These results have implications for the development of the nurse education course (Dip. HE Nursing) which is still in its infancy.

     

High-altitude retinopathy and altitude illness

Objective

To determine the relationship between high-altitude retinopathy (HAR) and other altitude-related illnesses and establish a classification system for HAR.

Prevalence of self-reported back pain in school children: A study of sociodemographic differences

The study considers the prevalence of back pain experienced in a nationwide random sample of 2173 Icelandic school children aged 11–12 and 15–16. The study found a 20.6% prevalence of at least weekly back pain. The prevalence of back pain was significantly more frequent among the older children. No gender or class difference was found in the overall sample. Older children from rural areas have significantly more back pain than those living in the city. The need for a thorough epidemiological investigation of the association of back pain in children is emphasized.