完全性肺静脉异位连接的解剖分型及临床意义

目的：探讨完全性肺静脉异位连接（total anomalous pulmonary venous connection,TAPVC．）的解剖分型及其临床意义。方法：46例TAPVC患者按照Darling分型方法分型，并将心上型和心内型各分为2个亚形。将全组病例分成梗阻型和非梗阻型。对照术前患者的临床症状及体征及术后疗效。结果：46例TAPVC中心上型25例，肺静脉总干经垂直静脉连接于上腔静脉23例，肺静脉总干直接开口于右侧上腔静脉2例；心内型17例，肺静脉总干开口于冠状静脉窦11例，开口于右心房6例；心下型4例。肺静脉总干通过垂直静脉连接于肝门静脉。肺静脉回流梗阻7例，均依据解剖分型选择手术治疗。死亡4例，余康复出院。结论：TAPVC的解剖分型对其临床诊断及治疗有较高的价值。     

原发性闭角型青光眼房水蛋白含量的检测及其与中医证型关系的研究

对115例原发性闭角型青光眼和34例老年性白内障患者的房水蛋白进行了测定。结果：闭角型青光眼 疾病分类各组及中医证型各组均表现为房水白蛋白和总蛋白含量增高,与老年性白内障组相比,各组均有非常显著性差异（P＜0．01）。闭角型青光眼疾病分类组间比较及中医证型组间比较,房水白蛋白和总蛋白含量亦均有显著性差异（P＜0．05）或非常显著性差异（P＜0．01）。证明原发性闭角型青光眼患者的血－房水障碍功能遭受破坏,房水的粘度增加,房水淤积于眼内。     

医用显微图像处理系统的研制和软件开发

目的 建立医用显微图像处理系统。方法 用普通光学显微镜、工业用摄像机、视频卡和计算朵等构成硬件系统,用ＶＣ＋＋５．０和微软基础类库（Ｍｉｃｒｏｓｏｆｔ Ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ Ｃｌａｓｓ,ＭＦＣ）开发了显微图像处理的专用类ＣＤＩＢ,并结合数据库系统,完成了外周血白细胞分类诊断系统。结果 应用该系统对１３０例病人进行白细胞分类与人工镜检对比,两者结果相符合。结论 该系统具有很好的实用价值和推广价值,可广泛     

乙型肝炎患者血清丁型肝炎病毒标志的研究

目的 研究ＨＤＶ重叠ＨＢＶ感染对乙型肝炎患者病情和血清学指标的影响。方法 采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测ＨＤＶ血清标志ＨＤＡｇ、抗ＨＤ、抗ＨＤＩｇＭ和ＨＢＶ血清标志ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗ＨＢｓ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗ＨＢｃ、抗ＨＢｃｌｇＭ,ＰＣＲ法检测ＨＢＶＤＮＡ。结果 ３１６例乙型病毒性肝炎中６０例重叠ＨＤＶ感染,重叠感染率为１８．９８％;ＣＨ和ＦＨ组ＨＤＶ感染率显著高于ＡＨ,ＦＨ组ＨＤＶ复制指标阳性率显著高于ＣＨ及ＡＨ     

Spike protein mediated membrane fusion during SARS-CoV-2 infection

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a serious threat to public health and has quickly become a global concern. The infection of SARS-CoV-2 begins with the binding of its spike protein to the receptor-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which, after a series of conformation changes, results in the fusion of viral-cell membranes and the release of the viral RNA genome into the cytoplasm. In addition, infected host cells can express spike protein on their cell surface, which will interact with ACE2 on neighboring cells, leading to cell membrane fusion and the formation of multinucleated cells or syncytia. Both viral entry and syncytia formation are mediated by spike-ACE2 interaction and share some common mechanisms of membrane fusion. Here in this review, we will summarize our current understanding of spike-mediated membrane fusion, which may shed light on future broad-spectrum antiviral development.     

Positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR of a nasal swab spot after 30 days of conservation on filter paper at room temperature

We tested the use of nasal swabs spotted onto filter paper (Whatman 3M) for the molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Spots of a positive nasal swab in conservation medium (B.1.177 strain, 21Ct) were still positive (duo E-gene/IP4) after 10, 20, and 30 days of conservation at room temperature, with Ct values of 28, 27, and 26, respectively. Direct spotting of the swab at bedside (omicron strain) still gave a positive result after 10 days in two RT-qPCR systems: 33.7 Ct using duo E-gene/IP4, and 34.8 using a specific Omicron system. Spotting of a dilution range of media spiked with the Delta (strain 2021/FR/0610, lineage B 1.617.2) and Omicron strains (strain UVE/SARS-CoV-2/2021/FR/1514) showed a threshold of 0.04 TCID₅₀ after 10 days of conservation. We show, for the first time, that this simple and low-cost conservation method can be used to store samples for RT-qPCR against SARS-CoV-2 for up to at least 1 month.     

抑郁症诊断的有关问题探讨

目的：探讨抑郁症中有多少具有精神病性症状。方法：采用中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准第２版修订版（ＣＣＭＤ－２－Ｒ）中抑郁症的诊断标准进行筛选,再按国际疾病分类第１０版精神与行为障碍分类（ＩＣＤ－１０）研究用诊断标准划分是否伴有精神病性症状,根据研究用诊断标准（ＲＤＣ）区分是否为内源性。结果：①抑郁症绝大多数不伴有精神病性症状,且不同来源样本结果一致。②“内源性”抑郁症和精神病性抑郁症不能等同。③“内源性”与“非内源性”抑郁症中均有重性抑郁症。结论：抑郁症患者大多无精神病性症状。     

86例老年前期Ⅱ型糖尿病患者骨密度改变及其与中医证型的关系

采用双能 X线骨密度仪对 86例老年前期 型糖尿病 ( DM)患者 L1～ 4前后位骨密度 ( BMD)进行检测 ,计算了其中骨量减少及骨质疏松症的患病率 ,并分析了BMD及骨量减少、骨质疏松症的患病率同 DM中医证型的关系。结果表明 :DM组腰椎平均 BMD显著低于同年龄同性别正常对照组 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ;而骨量减少及骨质疏松症的患病率都显著高于对照组 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ;在 DM阴虚热盛、气阴两虚、阴阳两虚、血瘀气滞的 4个证型中 ,BMD呈现从高到低的变化趋势 ,但组间差异并不显著 ;4个证型中骨量减少症患病率阴虚热盛证型显著高于其它 3型 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,而骨质疏松症患病率阴阳两虚证最高 ,且显著高于阴虚热盛证 ( P<0 .0 5 )。     

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Clinico-pathologic study of 168 cases diagnosed according to the R.E.A.L. Classification

Background: One hundred sixty-eight peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs)were reviewed according to the Revised European–American Lymphoma (R.E.A.L.)Classification.Patients and methods: The cases, originally diagnosed on the basis of theUpdated Kiel Classification (UKC), were all provided with histologicalpreparations, immunophenotype, clinical information, and follow-up data. Theslides were reclassified by five observers, who integrated the R.E.A.Lcriteria with cell size measurements. The prognostic value of clinical andpathologic findings was assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results: The R.E.A.L. Classification was reproducibly applied by all of theobservers. Clinically, anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) differed fromthe remaining PTCLs by mean age (29.5 vs. 52.9 years), bulky disease(52.3% vs. 11.3%; P = 0.000), mediastinal mass (52.7% vs.32%; P = 0.004), and disease-free survival (68.0% vs.38.2%; P = 0.0001). Although each histological type displayed specificclinical aspects, PTCLs other than ALCL were basically characterised by a poorclinical outcome which was not influenced by the UKC malignancy grade. Atmultivariate analysis, the risk of a lower complete remission rate was relatedto bulky disease (P = 0.001), histologic group (non-ALCL) (P = 0.01), andadvanced stage (III–IV) (P = 0.0002).Conclusions: The present study supports the classification of T-celllymphomas proposed by the R.E.A.L. scheme.     

Characterization of α1-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating contractions to phenylephrine in rat thoracic aorta,mesenteric artery and pulmonary artery

1. The subtype of α₁-adrenoceptor mediating contractions to phenylephrine of the rat thoracic aorta, mesenteric artery and pulmonary artery were investigated by use of antagonists which show selectivity between the cloned α₁-adrenoceptor subtypes in binding studies.
2. Cumulative concentration-contraction curves for phenylephrine were competitively antagonized in the rat thoracic aorta by prazosin (pA₂ 9.9), WB4101 (pA₂ 9.6), 5-methylurapidil (pA₂ 8.1), benoxathian (pA₂ 9.2) and indoramin (pA₂ 7.4). These compounds were also competitive antagonists in the mesenteric and pulmonary arteries (except for 5-methylurapidil in the pulmonary artery), (prazosin pA₂ 9.9 and 9.7; WB4101 pA₂ 9.8 and 9.6; 5-methylurapidil pA₂ 7.9 and pK_B estimate 8.0; benoxathian pA₂ 8.8 and 9.3; indoramin pA₂ 7.2 and 7.5, respectively).
3. RS 17053 was not a competitive antagonist in any blood vessel as Schild plot slopes were greater than unity. The pK_B estimates for RS 17053 were 7.1 in aorta, 7.0 in the mesenteric artery and 7.7 in the pulmonary artery.
4. The α_1D-subtype selective antagonist BMY 7378 appeared to be non-competitive with shallow Schild plot slopes. The data were better fitted with two lines in all tissues, with Schild plot slopes that were no longer different from unity, except in the pulmonary artery. The higher affinity site for BMY 7378 in the aorta had a pA₂ of 9.0, while it was 8.8 and 8.9 in the mesenteric and pulmonary arteries, respectively.
5. MDL73005EF acted in a non-competitive manner in all three blood vessels, with shallow Schild plot slopes. The pK_B estimates for MDL73005EF were 8.4 in aorta, 7.5 in the mesenteric artery and 8.0 in the pulmonary artery.
6. In all three blood vessels the functionally determined antagonist affinity estimates correlated best with published pK_i values for their displacement of [³H]-prazosin binding on membranes expressing cloned α_1d-adrenoceptors compared with α_1a- or α_1b-adrenoceptors. The antagonist affinity estimates in the aorta, mesenteric and pulmonary arteries correlated highly with their previously published pA₂ values in rat aorta (α_1D) and less well with those for α_1A- and α_1B-adrenoceptors mediating contraction of the rat epididymal vas deferens and rat spleen, respectively.
7. The results of this study suggest that the contraction to phenylephrine of the rat thoracic aorta, mesenteric artery and pulmonary artery are mediated in part via the α_1D-subtype of adrenoceptor. The data for both BMY 7378 and MDL73005EF in all three blood vessels are consistent with receptor heterogeneity. However, the identity of the second site is unclear.